263
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Race and Gender as Peripheral Cues on Political Campaign Web Sites

&
Pages 347-360 | Published online: 04 Nov 2009

References

  • Alexander , D. , & Andersen , K. ( 1993 ). Gender as a factor in the attributions of leadership traits . Political Research Quarterly , 46 , 527 – 545 .
  • Bennett , W. L. ( 2001 ). News: The politics of illusion , (4th ed.) . New York : Longman .
  • Benoit , W. L. , & Hansen , G. J. ( 2004 ). The changing media environment of presidential campaigns . Communication Research Reports , 21 , 164 – 173 .
  • Burrell , B. C. ( 1994 ). A woman's place is in the house: Campaigning for congress in the feminist era . Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press .
  • Cho , C. H. ( 1999 ). How advertising works on the WWW: Modified elaboration likelihood model . Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising , 21 , 33 – 50 .
  • Craig , S. C. , Niemi , R. G. , & Silver , G. E. ( 1990 ). Political efficacy and trust: A report on the NES pilot study items . Political Behavior , 12 , 289 – 314 .
  • D'Alessio , D. ( 2000 ). Adoption of the World Wide Web by American political candidates, 1996–1998 . Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , 44 , 556 – 568 .
  • Dolan , K. ( 1998 ). Voting for women in the “Year of the Woman.” American Journal of Political Science , 42 , 272 – 93 .
  • Endres , D. , & Warnick , B. ( 2004 ). Text-based interactivity in candidate campaign web sites: A case study from the 2002 elections . Western Journal of Communication , 68 , 322 – 342 .
  • Fiske , S. T. , Cuddy , A. , Glick , P. , & Xu , J. ( 2002 ). A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 82 , 878 – 902 .
  • Fiske , S. T. , & Taylor , S. E. ( 1991 ). Social cognition , (2nd ed) . New York : McGraw-Hill .
  • Graber , D. (1976). Press and TV as opinion resources in presidential campaigns. Public Opinion Quarterly , 40, 285–303.
  • Greer , J. D. ( 2003 ). Evaluating the credibility of online information: A test of source and advertising influence . Mass Communication & Society , 6 , 11 – 28 .
  • Johnson , T. J. , & Kaye , B. K. ( 1998 ). Cruising is believing?: Comparing internet and traditional sources on media credibility measures . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 75 , 325 – 340 .
  • Johnson , T. J. , & Kaye , B. K. ( 2000 ). Using is believing: The influence of reliance on the credibility of online political information among politically interested internet users . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 77 , 865 – 880 .
  • Johnson-Cartee , K. S. ( 2005 ). News narratives and news framing: Constructing political reality . Lanham , MD : Rowman & Littlefield .
  • Karson , E. J. , & Korgaonkar , P. K. ( 2001 ). An experimental investigation of internet advertising and the elaboration likelihood model . Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising , 23 , 53 – 72 .
  • Krosnick , J. , & Brannon , L. ( 1993 ). The media and the foundations of presidential support: George Bush and the Persian Gulf conflict . Journal of Social Issues , 49 , 167 – 182 .
  • Niven , D. , & Zilber , J. ( 2001 ). Do women and men in Congress cultivate different images? Evidence from congressional Web sites . Political Communication , 18 , 395 – 405 .
  • O'Keefe , D. ( 1990 ). Persuasion: Theory and research . Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
  • Perloff , R. ( 1993 ). The dynamics of persuasion . Hillsdale , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Petty , R. E. , & Cacioppo , J. T. ( 1986 ). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change . New York : Springer-Verlag .
  • Petty , R. E. , Priester , J. R. , & Briñol , P. ( 2002 ). Mass media attitude change: Implications of the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion . In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research ( , 2nd ed. , pp. 155 – 198 ). Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Pew Internet & American Life Project . ( 2005 ). Retrieved March 27, 2006, from http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/151/report_display.asp
  • Pew Internet & American Life Project . ( 2008 ). Retrieved May 3, 2009, from http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2008/The-Internet-and-the-2008-Election.aspx
  • Pew Internet & American Life Project . ( 2009 ). Retrieved May 4, 2009, from http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media//Files/Reports/2005/PIP_2004_Campaign.pdf.pdf
  • Roehm , H. A. , & Haugtvedt , C. P. ( 1999 ). Understanding interactivity of cyberspace advertising . In D. W. Schumman & E. Thorson (Eds.), Advertising and the World Wide Web (pp. 27 – 39 ). Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Rudd , R. , & Fish , M. ( 1989 ). Depth of issue coverage in television news: Campaign 84 . Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , 33 , 197 – 202 .
  • Sanbonmatsu , K. ( 2002 ). Gender stereotypes and vote choice . American Journal of Political Science , 46 , 20 – 34 .
  • Slater , M. D. , & Rouner , D. ( 1996 ). How message evaluation and source attributes may influence credibility assessment and belief change . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 73 , 974 – 991 .
  • Song , I. , & Bucy , E. P. ( 2007 ). Interactivity and political attitude formation: A mediation model of online information processing . Journal of Information Technology and Politics , 4 ( 2 ), 29 – 60 .
  • Stempel, III , G. H. , Hargrove , T. , & Bernt , J. P. ( 2000 ). Relation of growth of use of the Internet to changes in media use from 1995 to 1999 . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 77 , 71 – 79 .
  • Sundar , S. ( 1998 ). Effect of source attribution on perception of on-line news stories . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 75 , 55 – 68 .
  • Sundar , S. , Kalyanaraman , S. , & Brown , J. ( 2003 ). Explicating web site interactivity. Impression formation effects in political campaign sites . Communication Research , 30 , 30 – 59 .
  • Todorov , A. , Mandisodza , A. , Goren , A. , & Hall , C. (2005). Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes. Science , 308, 1623–1626.
  • Todorov , A. , Said , C. , Engell , A. , & Oosterhof , N. ( 2008 ). Understanding evaluation of faces on social dimensions . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 12 , 455 – 460 .
  • Trent , J. S. , & Friedenberg , R. V. ( 2007 ). Political campaign communication . Lanham , MD : Rowman & Littlefield .
  • Vinson , C. D. , & Moore , W. V. ( 2007 ). The campaign disconnect: Media coverage of the 2000 South Carolina presidential primary . Political Communication , 24 , 393 – 413 .
  • Wiese , D. R. , & Gronbeck , B. E. ( 2005 ). Campaign 2004 developments in cyberpolitics . In R. E. Denton , Jr. (Ed.), The 2004 presidential campaign (pp. 216 – 239 ). Lanham , MD : Rowman & Littlefield .
  • Wood , A. F. , & Smith , M. J. ( 2005 ). Online communication: Linking technology, identity, & culture , (2nd ed) . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.