803
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Reducing the Bias: How Perspective Taking Affects First- and Third-Person Perceptions of Media Influence

&

References

  • Andsager, J. L., & White, H. A. (2007). Self versus others: Media, messages, and the third-person effect. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Batson, C. D., Early, S., & Salvarani, G. (1997). Perspective taking: Imagining how another feels versus imaging how you would feel. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 751–758. doi:10.1177/0146167297237008
  • David, P., & Johnson, M. A. (1998). The role of self in third-person effects about body image. Journal of Communication, 48, 37–58. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1998.tb02769.x
  • Davis, M. H., Conklin, L., Smith, A., & Luce, C. (1996). Effect of perspective taking on the cognitive representation of persons: A merging of self and other. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 713–726. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.713
  • Duck, J. M., & Mullin, B.-A. (1995). The perceived impact of the mass media: Reconsidering the third person effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 77–93. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420250107
  • Epley, N., Keysar, B., Van Boven, L., & Gilovich, T. (2004). Perspective taking as egocentric anchoring and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 327–339. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.327
  • Galinsky, A. D., & Moskowitz, G. B. (2000). Perspective-taking: Decreasing stereotype expression, stereotype accessibility, and in-group favoritism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 708–724. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.78.4.708
  • Golan, G. J., & Day, A. G. (2008). The first-person effect and its behavioral consequences: A new trend in the twenty-five year history of third-person effect research. Mass Communication and Society, 11, 539–556. doi:10.1080/15205430802368621
  • Gunther, A. C., & Mundy, P. (1993). Biased optimism and the third-person effect. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 70, 58–67. doi:10.1177/107769909307000107
  • Henriksen, L., & Flora, J. A. (1999). Third-person perception and children: Perceived impact of pro- and anti-smoking ads. Communication Research, 26, 643–665. doi:10.1177/009365099026006001
  • Ku, G., Wang, C. S., & Galinsky, A. D. (2010). Perception through a perspective-taking lens: Differential effects on judgment and behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 792–798. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2010.04.001
  • McLeod, D. M., Detenber, B. H., & Eveland, W. P. (2001). Behind the third-person effect: Differentiating perceptual processes for self and other. Journal of Communication, 51, 678–695. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02902.x
  • Nickerson, R. S. (2000). Null hypothesis significance testing: A review of an old and continuing controversy. Psychological Methods, 5, 241–301. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.5.2.241
  • Shen, L., Palmer, J., Mercer Kollar, L. M., & Comer, S. (2015). A social comparison explanation for the third-person perception. Communication Research, 42, 260–280. doi:10.1177/0093650212467644
  • Sun, Y., Pan, Z., & Shen, L. (2008). Understanding the third-person perception: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Journal of Communication, 58, 280–300. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00385.x
  • Tal-Or, N., & Drukman, D. (2010). Third-person perception as an impression management tactic. Media Psychology, 13, 301–322. doi:10.1080/15213269.2010.503516
  • Tal-Or, N., & Tsfati, Y. (2007). On the substitutability of the third-person perception. Media Psychology, 10, 231–249. doi:10.1080/15213260701375637
  • Tal-Or, N., Tsfati, Y., & Gunther, A. C. (2009). The influence of presumed media influence: Origins and implications of the third-person perception. In R. L. Nabi & M. B. Oliver (Eds.), The Sage handbook of media processes and effects (pp. 99–112). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Todd, A. R., Bodenhausen, G. V., Richeson, J. A., & Galinsky, A. D. (2011). Perspective taking combats automatic expressions of racial bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 1027–1042. doi:10.1037/a0022308
  • Todd, A. R., Galinsky, A. D., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2012). Perspective taking undermines stereotype maintenance processes: Evidence from social memory, behavior explanation, and information solicitation. Social Cognition, 30, 94–108. doi:10.1521/soco.2012.30.1.94
  • Wei, R., Lo, V.-H., & Lu, H.-Y. (2011). Examining the perceptual gap and behavioral intention in the perceived effects of polling news in the 2008 Taiwan presidential election. Communication Research, 38, 206–227. doi:10.1177/0093650210365536
  • Xu, J., & Gonzenbach, W. J. (2008). Does a perceptual discrepancy lead to action? A meta-analysis of the behavioral component of the third-person effect. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 20, 375–385. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edn031

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.