The promising role of monoclonal antibodies for immunotherapy of the HIV-associated cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma

References

• Carbone A, Vaccher E, Gloghini A, Pantanowitz L, et al. Diagnosis and management of lymphomas and other cancers in HIV-infected patients. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014;11(4):223–238. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collaboration of Observational HIVEREsg, Bohlius J, Schmidlin K, Costagliola D, et al. Prognosis of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients starting combination antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2009;23(15):2029–2037. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832e531c.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gopal S, Patel MR, Yanik EL, et al. Temporal trends in presentation and survival for HIV-associated lymphoma in the antiretroviral therapy era. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013;105(16):1221–1229. doi:10.1093/jnci/djt158.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Simard EP, Pfeiffer RM, Engels EA. Cumulative incidence of cancer among individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States. Cancer 2011;117(5):1089–1096. doi:10.1002/cncr.25547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll V, Garzino-Demo A. HIV-associated lymphoma in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: shifting the immunological landscape. Pathog Dis 2015;73(7). doi:10.1093/femspd/ftv044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiels MS, Engels EA, Linet MS, et al. The epidemic of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the United States: disentangling the effect of HIV, 1992–2009. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013;22(6):1069–1078. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnan A, Zaia JA. HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma: viral origins and therapeutic options. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2014;2014(1):584–589.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCune JS. Immunotherapy to treat cancer. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016;100(3):198–203. doi:10.1002/cpt.404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rook G. Tumours and Coley's toxins. Nature 1992;357(6379):545. doi:10.1038/357545a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newsom-Davis T, Ahamed E, Bower M. Immunotherapy for HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2009;9(10):1313–1324. doi:10.1517/14712590903183516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalil DN, Smith EL, Brentjens RJ, Wolchok JD. The future of cancer treatment: immunomodulation, CARs and combination immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2016;13(5):273–290. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delacruz W, Setlik R, Hassantoufighi A, et al. Novel Brentuximab Vedotin combination therapies show promising activity in highly refractory CD30+ non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case series and review of the literature. Case Rep Oncol Med 2016;2016:2596423.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fabbri A, Cencini E, Gozzetti A, et al. Therapeutic use of Brentuximab Vedotin In Cd30+ hematologic malignancies. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2016;17(7):886–895.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadid T, Raufi A, Kafri Z, et al. Safety and efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the community setting. Nucl Med Biol 2016;43(4):227–231. doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.12.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dotan E, Aggarwal C, Smith MR. Impact of rituximab (Rituxan) on the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. P&T. 2010;35(3):148–157.
   Google Scholar
• Nolen BM, Breen EC, Bream JH, et al. Circulating mediators of inflammation and immune activation in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma. PLoS ONE 2014;9(6):e99144. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson EM, Sereti I. Immune restoration after antiretroviral therapy: the pitfalls of hasty or incomplete repairs. Immunol Rev 2013;254(1):343–354. doi:10.1111/imr.12064.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Castillo JJ, Echenique IA. Rituximab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis of 15 prospective studies. Am J Hematol 2012;87(3):330–333. doi:10.1002/ajh.22275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbone A, Vaccher E, Gloghini A, et al. Diagnosis and management of lymphomas and other cancers in HIV-infected patients. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014;11(4):223–238. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nie M, Wang Y, Bi XW, et al. Effect of rituximab on adult Burkitt's lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Hematol 2016;95(1):19–26. doi:10.1007/s00277-015-2501-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribera JM, Morgades M, Gonzalez-Barca E, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with HIV-related diffuse large B-cell lymphomas treated in a phase II study with rituximab and CHOP. Br J Haematol 2012;157(5):637–639. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09046.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao J, Du S, Dai G, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy in Chinese patients with AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: an observational study. Sci Rep 2017;7(1):1905. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02086-4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barta SK, Xue X, Wang D, et al. Treatment factors affecting outcomes in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a pooled analysis of 1546 patients. Blood 2013;122(19):3251–3262. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-04-498964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saini KS, Azim HA, Jr., Cocorocchio E, et al. Rituximab in Hodgkin lymphoma: is the target always a hit? Cancer Treat Rev 2011;37(5):385–390. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.11.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedder TF, Engel P. CD20: a regulator of cell-cycle progression of B lymphocytes. Immunol Today 1994;15(9):450–454. doi:10.1016/0167-5699(94)90276-3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dotan E, Aggarwal C, Smith MR. Impact of rituximab (Rituxan) on the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. P&T 2010;35(3):148–157.
   Google Scholar
• Reff ME, Carner K, Chambers KS, et al. Depletion of B cells in vivo by a chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody to CD20. Blood 1994;83(2):435–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards JC, Szczepanski L, Szechinski J, et al. Efficacy of B-cell-targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 2004;350(25):2572–2581. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter MC, Hancock BW. Ten sources of rituximab in NHL. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2009;8(2):223–235. doi:10.1517/14740330902750114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fowler NH, Davis RE, Rawal S, et al. Safety and activity of lenalidomide and rituximab in untreated indolent lymphoma: an open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2014;15(12):1311–1318. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70455-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauptrock B, Hess G. Rituximab in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Biologics 2008;2(4):619–633.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ram R, Ben-Bassat I, Shpilberg O, et al. The late adverse events of rituximab therapy – rare but there! Leuk Lymphoma 2009;50(7):1083–1095. doi:10.1080/10428190902934944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatt S, Ashlock BM, Natkunam Y, et al. CD30 targeting with brentuximab vedotin: a novel therapeutic approach to primary effusion lymphoma. Blood 2013;122(7):1233–1242. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-01-481713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen ED, Sharman JP, Oki Y, et al. Brentuximab vedotin demonstrates objective responses in a phase 2 study of relapsed/refractory DLBCL with variable CD30 expression. Blood 2015;125(9):1394–1402. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-09-598763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz J, Janik JE, Younes A. Brentuximab vedotin (SGN-35). Clin Cancer Res 2011;17(20):6428–6436. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francisco JA, Cerveny CG, Meyer DL, et al. cAC10-vcMMAE, an anti-CD30-monomethyl auristatin E conjugate with potent and selective antitumor activity. Blood 2003;102(4):1458–1465. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-01-0039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stopeck AT, Unger JM, Rimsza LM, et al. A phase II trial of single agent bevacizumab in patients with relapsed, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma: southwest oncology group study S0108. Leuk Lymphoma 2009;50(5):728–735. doi:10.1080/10428190902856808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang ES, Teruya-Feldstein J, Wu Y, et al. Targeting autocrine and paracrine VEGF receptor pathways inhibits human lymphoma xenografts in vivo. Blood 2004;104(9):2893–2902. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-01-0226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seymour JF, Pfreundschuh M, Trněný M, et al. R-CHOP with or without bevacizumab in patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: final MAIN study outcomes. Haematologica 2014;99(8):1343–1349. doi:10.3324/haematol.2013.100818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu Z, Zhu J, Zheng W, et al. Safety and efficacy of bevacizumab combined with R-CHOP regimen in seven Chinese patients with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Cell Int 2014;14:5. doi:10.1186/1475-2867-14-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stopeck AT, Unger JM, Rimsza LM, et al. A phase 2 trial of standard-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) and rituximab plus bevacizumab for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: SWOG 0515. Blood 2012;120(6):1210–1217. doi:10.1182/blood-2012-04-423079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witzig TE. Yttrium-90-ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy: a new treatment approach for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Drugs Today 2004;40(2):111–119. doi:10.1358/dot.2004.40.2.799423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcus R. Use of 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Semin Oncol 2005;32(Suppl 1):S36–S43. doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2005.01.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomblyn M. Radioimmunotherapy for B-cell non-hodgkin lymphomas. Cancer Control 2012;19(3):196–203. doi:10.1177/107327481201900304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzieri D. Zevalin((R)) (ibritumomab tiuxetan): after more than a decade of treatment experience, what have we learned? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016;105:5–17. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.07.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossignol J, Terriou L, Robu D, et al. Radioimmunotherapy ((90) Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan) for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders after prior exposure to rituximab. Am J Transplant 2015;15(7):1976–1981. doi:10.1111/ajt.13244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witzig TE. Efficacy and safety of 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) radioimmunotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Semin Oncol 2003;30(6 Suppl 17):11–16. doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2003.10.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witzig TE, Wiseman GA, Maurer MJ, et al. A phase I trial of immunostimulatory CpG 7909 oligodeoxynucleotide and 90 yttrium ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy for relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2013;88(7):589–593. doi:10.1002/ajh.23460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morschhauser F, Radford J, Van Hoof A, et al. Phase III trial of consolidation therapy with yttrium-90-ibritumomab tiuxetan compared with no additional therapy after first remission in advanced follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(32):5156–5164. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.17.2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobinai K, Klein C, Oya N, Fingerle-Rowson G. A Review of obinutuzumab (GA101), a novel type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of patients with B-cell malignancies. Adv Ther 2016;34(2):324–356. doi:10.1007/s12325-016-0451-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabellier L, Cartron G. Obinutuzumab for relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Ther Adv Hematol 2016;7(2):85–93. doi:10.1177/2040620715622613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sehn LH, Chua N, Mayer J, et al. Obinutuzumab plus bendamustine versus bendamustine monotherapy in patients with rituximab-refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (GADOLIN): a randomised, controlled, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2016;17(8):1081–1093. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30097-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein C, Bacac M, Umana P, Fingerle-Rowson G. Combination therapy with the type II anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017;26(10):1145–1162. doi:10.1080/13543784.2017.1373087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okroj M, Eriksson I, Osterborg A, Blom AM. Killing of CLL and NHL cells by rituximab and ofatumumab under limited availability of complement. Med Oncol 2013;30(4):759. doi:10.1007/s12032-013-0759-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang B. Ofatumumab. mAbs. 2009;1(4):326–31. doi:10.4161/mabs.1.4.8895.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierda WG, Kipps TJ, Mayer J, et al. Ofatumumab as single-agent CD20 immunotherapy in fludarabine-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2010;28(10):1749–1755. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.25.3187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reagan JL, Castillo JJ. Ofatumumab as front-line therapy in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Future Oncol 2014;10(7):1147–1155. doi:10.2217/fon.14.73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grosicki S. Ofatumumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2015;8(3):265–272. doi:10.1586/17474086.2015.1037736.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anastasia A, Rossi G. Novel drugs in follicular lymphoma. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2016;8(1):e2016061.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosenbaum CA, Pitcher B, Bartlett NL, et al. Phase II trial of ofatumumab (OFA) in previously untreated follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): CALGB 50901 (Alliance). Blood 2015;126(23):2741.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coiffier B, Radford J, Bosly A, et al. A multicentre, phase II trial of ofatumumab monotherapy in relapsed/progressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2013;163(3):334–342. doi:10.1111/bjh.12537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlin L, Coiffier B. Ofatumumab in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015;15(7):1085–1091. doi:10.1517/14712598.2015.1055241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Imhoff GW, McMillan A, Matasar MJ, Radford J, Ardeshna KM, Kuliczkowski K, et al. Ofatumumab versus rituximab salvage chemoimmunotherapy in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the ORCHARRD study. (OMB110928) ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 2014;124:630. [Epub ahead of print].
   Google Scholar
• Palanca-Wessels MC, Czuczman M, Salles G, et al. Safety and activity of the anti-CD79B antibody-drug conjugate polatuzumab vedotin in relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a phase 1 study. Lancet Oncol 2015;16(6):704–715. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(15)70128-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover NS, Park SI. Novel targeted agents in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma therapy. Pharmaceuticals 2015;8(3):607–636. doi:10.3390/ph8030607.
   Google Scholar
• Moskowitz CH, Forero-Torres A, Shah BD, et al. Interim analysis of a phase 1 study of the antibody-drug conjugate SGN-CD19A in relapsed or refractory B-lineage non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2014;124(21):1741.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naddafi F, Davami F. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies: a new approach to lymphoma therapy. Int J Mol Cell Med 2015;4(3):143–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viardot A, Goebeler ME, Hess G, et al. Phase 2 study of the bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody blinatumomab in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2016;127(11):1410–6. doi:10.1182/blood-2015-06-651380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goy A, Forero A, Wagner-Johnston N, et al. A phase 2 study of inotuzumab ozogamicin in patients with indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma refractory to rituximab alone, rituximab and chemotherapy, or radioimmunotherapy. Br J Haematol 2016;174(4):571–581. doi:10.1111/bjh.14094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ansell SM, Hurvitz SA, Koenig PA, et al. Phase I study of ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody, in patients with relapsed and refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(20):6446–6453. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-1339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philips GK, Atkins M. Therapeutic uses of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies. Int Immunol 2015;27(1):39–46. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxu095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Besson C, Goubar A, Gabarre J, et al. Changes in AIDS-related lymphoma since the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Blood 2001;98(8):2339–2344. doi:10.1182/blood.V98.8.2339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barta SK, Samuel MS, Xue X, et al. Changes in the influence of lymphoma- and HIV-specific factors on outcomes in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2015;26(5):958–966. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdv036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbone A, Cesarman E, Spina M, et al. HIV-associated lymphomas and gamma-herpesviruses. Blood 2009;113(6):1213–1224. doi:10.1182/blood-2008-09-180315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hentrich M, Hoffmann C, Mosthaf F, et al. Therapy of HIV-associated lymphoma-recommendations of the oncology working group of the German Study Group of Physicians in Private Practice Treating HIV-Infected Patients (DAGNA), in cooperation with the German AIDS Society (DAIG). Ann Hematol 2014;93(6):913–921. doi:10.1007/s00277-014-2058-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howlader N, Mariotto AB, Besson C, et al. Cancer-specific mortality, cure fraction, and noncancer causes of death among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients in the immunochemotherapy era. Cancer 2017;123(17):3326–3334. doi:10.1002/cncr.30739.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan W, Bubman D, Chadburn A, et al. Distinct subsets of primary effusion lymphoma can be identified based on their cellular gene expression profile and viral association. J Virol 2005;79(2):1244–1251. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.2.1244-1251.2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okada S, Goto H, Yotsumoto M. Current status of treatment for primary effusion lymphoma. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2014;3(3):65–74. doi:10.5582/irdr.2014.01010.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhatt S, Ashlock BM, Natkunam Y, et al. CD30 targeting with brentuximab vedotin: a novel therapeutic approach to primary effusion lymphoma. Blood 2013;122(7):1233–1242. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-01-481713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delecluse HJ, Anagnostopoulos I, Dallenbach F, et al. Plasmablastic lymphomas of the oral cavity: a new entity associated with the human immunodeficiency virus infection. Blood 1997;89(4):1413–1420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riedel DJ, Gonzalez-Cuyar LF, Zhao XF, et al. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity: a rapidly progressive lymphoma associated with HIV infection. Lancet Infect Dis 2008;8(4):261–267. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(08)70067-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma. Blood 2015;125(15):2323–2330. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-10-567479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunleavy K, Wilson WH. How I treat HIV-associated lymphoma. Blood 2012;119(14):3245–3255. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-08-373738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma. Blood 2015;125(15):2323–2330. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-10-567479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerrero-Garcia TA, Mogollon RJ, Castillo JJ. Bortezomib in plasmablastic lymphoma: a glimpse of hope for a hard-to-treat disease. Leuk Res 2017;62:12–16. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2017.09.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahbazi S, Peer CJ, Figg WD. Prolonged low intensity EPOCH–rituximab has improved toxicity in Burkitt lymphoma compared with standard short, high intensity therapy. Cancer Biol Ther 2014;15(9):1117–1119. doi:10.4161/cbt.29504.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoelzer D, Walewski J, Dohner H, et al. Improved outcome of adult Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia with rituximab and chemotherapy: report of a large prospective multicenter trial. Blood 2014;124(26):3870–3879. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-03-563627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribrag V, Koscielny S, Bosq J, et al. Rituximab and dose-dense chemotherapy for adults with Burkitt's lymphoma: a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2016;387(10036):2402–11.
   Google Scholar
• Alwan F, He A, Montoto S, et al. Adding rituximab to CODOX-M/IVAC chemotherapy in the treatment of HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma is safe when used with concurrent combination antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2015;29(8):903–910. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunleavy K, Pittaluga S, Shovlin M, et al. Low-intensity therapy in adults with Burkitt's lymphoma. N Engl J Med 2013;369(20):1915–1925. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1308392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noy A, Lee JY, Cesarman E, et al. AMC 048: modified CODOX-M/IVAC-rituximab is safe and effective for HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma. Blood 2015;126(2):160–166. doi:10.1182/blood-2015-01-623900.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan LD, Lee JY, Ambinder RF, et al. Rituximab does not improve clinical outcome in a randomized phase 3 trial of CHOP with or without rituximab in patients with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma: AIDS-Malignancies Consortium Trial 010. Blood 2005;106(5):1538–1543. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-04-1437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tirelli U, Spina M, Jaeger U, et al. Infusional CDE with rituximab for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: preliminary results of a phase I/II study. Recent Results Cancer Res 2002;159:149–153.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spina M, Jaeger U, Sparano JA, et al. Rituximab plus infusional cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma: pooled results from 3 phase 2 trials. Blood 2005;105(5):1891–1897. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-08-3300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boue F, Gabarre J, Gisselbrecht C, et al. Phase II trial of CHOP plus rituximab in patients with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2006;24(25):4123–4128. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.05.4684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spina M, Simonelli C, Tirelli U. Phase II trial of CHOP plus rituximab in patients with HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2007;25(6):e7. doi:10.1200/JCO.2006.09.0407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sparano JA, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, et al. Rituximab plus concurrent infusional EPOCH chemotherapy is highly effective in HIV-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2010;115(15):3008–3016. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-08-231613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine AM, Noy A, Lee JY, et al. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone in AIDS-related lymphoma: AIDS Malignancy Consortium Study 047. J Clin Oncol 2013;31(1):58–64. doi:10.1200/JCO.2012.42.4648.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coutinho R, Pria AD, Gandhi S, et al. HIV status does not impair the outcome of patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP in the cART era. AIDS 2014;28(5):689–697. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baptista MJ, Garcia O, Morgades M, et al. HIV-infection impact on clinical-biological features and outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP in the combination antiretroviral therapy era. AIDS 2015;29(7):811–818. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oriol A, Ribera JM, Bergua J, Giménez Mesa E, Grande C, Esteve J, Brunet S, Moreno MJ, Escoda L, Hernandez-Rivas JM, et al. High-dose chemotherapy and immunotherapy in adult Burkitt lymphoma. Cancer 2008;113:117–125. doi:10.1002/cncr.23522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar