Characteristics and the role of purinergic receptors in pathophysiology with focus on immune response

References

• Stagg J, Smyth MJ. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate and adenosine in cancer. Oncogene. 2010;29(39):5346–5358. doi:10.1038/onc.2010.292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Physiology and pathophysiology of purinergic neurotransmission. Physiol Rev. 2007;87(2):659–797. doi:10.1152/physrev.00043.2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dal Ben D, Marchenkova A, Thomas A, et al. 2′,3′-O-substituted ATP derivatives as potent antagonists of purinergic P2X3 receptors and potential analgesic agents. Purinergic Signal. 2017;13(1):61–74. doi:10.1007/s11302-016-9539-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakata H, Suzuki T, Namba K, et al. Dimerization of G protein-coupled purinergic receptors: increasing the diversity of purinergic receptor signal responses and receptor functions. J Recept Signal Transduct. 2010;30(5):337–346. doi:10.3109/10799893.2010.509729.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G, Brouns I, Adriaensen D, et al. Purinergic signaling in the airways. Pharmacol Rev. 2012;64(4):834–868. doi:10.1124/pr.111.005389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Overview: purinergic mechanisms. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1990;603:1–17. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb37657.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Purine and pyrimidine receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007;64(12):1471–1483. doi:10.1007/s00018-007-6497-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolachala VL, Bajaj R, Chalasani M, et al. Purinergic receptors in gastrointestinal inflammation. Am J Physiol-Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008;294(2):G401–G410. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00454.2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haskó G, Linden J, Cronstein B, et al. Adenosine receptors: therapeutic aspects for inflammatory and immune diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008;7(9):759–770. doi:10.1038/nrd2638.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hechler B, Gachet C. Purinergic receptors in thrombosis and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2015;35(11):2307–2315. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.115.303395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novak I, Solini A. P2X receptor-ion channels in the inflammatory response in adipose tissue and pancreas — potential triggers in onset of type 2 diabetes? Curr Opin Immunol. 2018;52:1–7. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2018.02.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haskó G, Cronstein B. Regulation of inflammation by adenosine. Front Immunol. 2013;4:85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deuchars SA, Brooke RE, Deuchars J. Adenosine A1 receptors reduce release from excitatory but not inhibitory synaptic inputs onto lateral horn neurons. J Neurosci. 2001;21(16):6308–6320. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-16-06308.2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novitskiy SV, Ryzhov S, Zaynagetdinov R, et al. Adenosine receptors in regulation of dendritic cell differentiation and function. Blood. 2008;112(5):1822–1831. doi:10.1182/blood-2008-02-136325.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gessi S, Merighi S, Sacchetto V, et al. Adenosine receptors and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta BBA - Biomembr. 2011;1808(5):1400–1412. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.09.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Purine and purinergic receptors. Brain Neurosci Adv. 2018;2:1–10. doi:10.1177/2398212818817494.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haskó G, Csóka B, Németh ZH, et al. A2B adenosine receptors in immunity and inflammation. Trends Immunol. 2009;30(6):263–270. doi:10.1016/j.it.2009.04.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasama H, Sakamoto Y, Kasamatsu A, et al. Adenosine A2b receptor promotes progression of human oral cancer. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:563. doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1577-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corona SP, Sobhani N, Generali D. Adenosine A2B receptor: novel anti-cancer therapeutic implications. JCMT. 2017;3(9):206. doi:10.20517/2394-4722.2017.50.
   Google Scholar
• Koussémou M, Lorenz K, Klotz K-N. The A2B adenosine receptor in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells diminishes ERK1/2 phosphorylation by activation of MAPK-phosphatase-1. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(8):e0202914. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borea PA, Varani K, Vincenzi F, et al. The A3 adenosine receptor: history and perspectives. Pharmacol Rev. 2015;67(1):74–102. doi:10.1124/pr.113.008540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koscsó B, Csóka B, Pacher P, et al. Investigational A3 adenosine receptor targeting agents. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2011;20(6):757–768. doi:10.1517/13543784.2011.573785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. P2X ion channel receptors and inflammation. Purinergic Signal. 2016;12(1):59–67. doi:10.1007/s11302-015-9493-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brass D, Grably MR, Bronstein-Sitton N, et al. Using antibodies against P2Y and P2X receptors in purinergic signaling research. Purinergic Signal. 2012;8(S1):61–79. doi:10.1007/s11302-011-9278-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sluyter R, Barden JA, Wiley JS. Detection of P2X purinergic receptors on human B lymphocytes. Cell Tissue Res. 2001;304(2):231–236. doi:10.1007/s004410100372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prado FC, Araldi D, Vieira AS, et al. Neuronal P2X3 receptor activation is essential to the hyperalgesia induced by prostaglandins and sympathomimetic amines released during inflammation. Neuropharmacology. 2013;67:252–258. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.11.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woehrle T, Yip L, Elkhal A, et al. Pannexin-1 hemichannel-mediated ATP release together with P2X1 and P2X4 receptors regulate T-cell activation at the immune synapse. Blood. 2010;116(18):3475–3484. doi:10.1182/blood-2010-04-277707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorini S, Callegari G, Romagnoli G, et al. ATP secreted by endothelial cells blocks CX3CL1-elicited natural killer cell chemotaxis and cytotoxicity via P2Y11 receptor activation. Blood. 2010;116(22):4492–4500. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-12-260828.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Jacobsen SEW, Bengtsson A, et al. P2 receptor mRNA expression profiles in human lymphocytes, monocytes and CD34+ stem and progenitor cells. BMC Immunol. 2004;5(1):16.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ferrari D, Idzko M, Dichmann S, et al. P2 purinergic receptors of human eosinophils: characterization and coupling to oxygen radical production. FEBS Lett. 2000;486(3):217–224. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02306-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuda M, Masuda T, Tozaki-Saitoh H, et al. P2X4 receptors and neuropathic pain. Front Cell Neurosci. 2013;7:191. doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jp de R V, Bastien D, Yurcisin G, et al. P2X4 receptors influence inflammasome activation after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci. 2012;32(9):3058–3066. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4930-11.2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Introduction and perspective, historical note. Front Cell Neurosci. 2013;7:227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes SE, Hollopeter G, Yang G, et al. The P2Y12 receptor regulates microglial activation by extracellular nucleotides. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9(12):1512–1519. doi:10.1038/nn1805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan KR, Stokes L, Prince LR, et al. Inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis by ATP is mediated by the P2Y11 receptor. J Immunol. 2007;179(12):8544–8553. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.179.12.8544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim H, Walsh MC, Takegahara N, et al. The purinergic receptor P2X5 regulates inflammasome activity and hyper-multinucleation of murine osteoclasts. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):196. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00139-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim H, Walsh MC, Yu J, et al. Methylosome protein 50 associates with the purinergic receptor P2X5 and is involved in osteoclast maturation. FEBS Lett. 2020;594(1):144–152. doi:10.1002/1873-3468.13581.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh MC, Takegahara N, Kim H, et al. Updating osteoimmunology: regulation of bone cells by innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2018;14(3):146–156. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramowski P, Ogrodowczyk C, Martin R, et al. A truncation variant of the cation channel P2RX5 is upregulated during T cell activation. PLOS ONE. 2014;9(9):e104692. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0104692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Virgilio F, Vuerich M. Purinergic signaling in the immune system. Auton Neurosci. 2015;191:117–123. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2015.04.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vijayan D, Smyth MJ, Teng M. Purinergic receptors: novel targets for cancer immunotherapy. In: Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, editors. Oncoimmunology: A Practical Guide for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2018:115–141.
   Google Scholar
• Linden J, Koch-Nolte F, Dahl G. Purine release, metabolism, and signaling in the inflammatory response. Annu Rev Immunol. 2019;37(1):325–347. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erb L, Weisman GA. Coupling of P2Y receptors to G proteins and other signaling pathways. WIREs Membr Transp Signal. 2012;1(6):789–803. doi:10.1002/wmts.62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hattori M, Gouaux E. Molecular mechanism of ATP binding and ion channel activation in P2X receptors. Nature. 2012;485(7397):207–212. doi:10.1038/nature11010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishimura A, Sunggip C, Oda S, et al. Purinergic P2Y receptors: molecular diversity and implications for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther. 2017;180:113–128. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.06.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakuma K, Nakagawa H, Oikawa T, Noda M, Ikeda S. Effects of 4(1H)-quinolinone derivative, a novel non-nucleotide allosteric purinergic P2Y 2 agonist, on cardiomyocytes in neonatal rats. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):6050. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06481-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Corriden R, Inoue Y, et al. ATP release guides neutrophil chemotaxis via P2Y2 and A3 receptors. Science. 2006;314(5806):1792–1795. doi:10.1126/science.1132559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li H-Q, Chen C, Dou Y, et al. P2Y4 receptor-mediated pinocytosis contributes to amyloid beta-induced self-uptake by microglia. Mol Cell Biol. 2013;33(21):4282–4293. doi:10.1128/MCB.00544-13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horckmans M, Esfahani H, Beauloye C, et al. Loss of mouse P2Y4 nucleotide receptor protects against myocardial infarction through endothelin-1 downregulation. J Immunol. 2015;194(4):1874–1881. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1401364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Virgilio F, Ceruti S, Bramanti P, et al. Purinergic signalling in inflammation of the central nervous system. Trends Neurosci. 2009;32(2):79–87. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.11.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scrivens M, Dickenson JM. Functional expression of the P2Y14 receptor in human neutrophils. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006;543(1–3):166–173. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.05.037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liverani E, Kilpatrick LE, Tsygankov AY, et al. The role of P2Y12 receptor and activated platelets during inflammation. CDT. 2014;15(7):720–728. doi:10.2174/1389450115666140519162133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amadio S, Tramini G, Martorana A, et al. Oligodendrocytes express P2Y12 metabotropic receptor in adult rat brain. Neuroscience. 2006;141(3):1171–1180. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.05.058.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao Z-G, Ding Y, Jacobson KA. P2Y13 receptor is responsible for ADP-mediated degranulation in RBL-2H3 rat mast cells. Pharmacol Res. 2010;62(6):500–505. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2010.08.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao Z-G, Ding Y, Jacobson KA. UDP-glucose acting at P2Y14 receptors is a mediator of mast cell degranulation. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010;79(6):873–879. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2009.10.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Idzko M, Ferrari D, Eltzschig HK. Nucleotide signalling during inflammation. Nature. 2014;509(7500):310–317. doi:10.1038/nature13085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai M. Dimerization of G-protein-coupled receptors: roles in signal transduction. Cell Signal. 2004;16(2):175–186. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(03)00128-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiller C, Kühhorn J, Gmeiner P. Class A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) dimers and bivalent ligands. J Med Chem. 2013;56(17):6542–6559. doi:10.1021/jm4004335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salim H, Ferré S, Dalal A, et al. Activation of adensine A1 and A2A receptors modulates dopamine D2 receptor-induced responses in stably transfected human neuroblastoma cells. J Neurochem. 2001;74(1):432–439. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0740432.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferré S, Fuxe K, von Euler G, et al. Commentary adenostne-dopamine interactions in the brain. Neuroscience. 1992;51(3):501–512. doi:10.1016/0306-4522(92)90291-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sichardt K, Nieber K. Adenosine A1 receptor: functional receptor-receptor interactions in the brain. Purinergic Signal. 2007;3(4):285–298. doi:10.1007/s11302-007-9065-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feltmann K, Borroto-Escuela DO, Rüegg J, et al. Effects of long-term alcohol drinking on the dopamine D2 receptor: gene expression and heteroreceptor complexes in the striatum in rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2018;42(2):338–351. doi:10.1111/acer.13568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciruela F. Presynaptic control of striatal glutamatergic neurotransmission by adenosine A1-A2A receptor heteromers. J Neurosci. 2006;26(7):2080–2087. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3574-05.2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinz S, Navarro G, Borroto-Escuela D, et al. Adenosine A2A receptor ligand recognition and signaling is blocked by A2B receptors. Oncotarget. 2018;9(17):13593–13611. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.24423.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chandrasekera PC, Wan TC, Gizewski ET, et al. Adenosine A1 receptors heterodimerize with β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors creating novel receptor complexes with altered G protein coupling and signaling. Cell Signal. 2013;25(4):736–742. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.12.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi RCY, Simon J, Tsim KWK, et al. Constitutive and agonist-induced dimerizations of the P2Y 1 receptor: relationship to internalization and scaffolding. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(16):11050–11063. doi:10.1074/jbc.M709266200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Ambrosi N, Iafrate M, Vacca F, et al. The P2Y4 receptor forms homo-oligomeric complexes in several CNS and PNS neuronal cells. Purinergic Signal. 2006;2(4):575–582. doi:10.1007/s11302-006-9014-2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• D’Ambrosi N, Iafrate M, Saba E, et al. Comparative analysis of P2Y4 and P2Y6 receptor architecture in native and transfected neuronal systems. Biochim Biophys Acta BBA - Biomembr. 2007;1768(6):1592–1599. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.03.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro-Filho AC, Buri MV, Barros CC, et al. Functional and molecular evidence for heteromeric association of P2Y1 receptor with P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors in mouse granulocytes. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;17(1):29. doi:10.1186/s40360-016-0072-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith TH, Li JG, Dores MR, et al. Protease-activated receptor-4 and purinergic receptor P2Y12 dimerize, co-internalize, and activate Akt signaling via endosomal recruitment of β-arrestin. J Biol Chem. 2017;292(33):13867–13878. doi:10.1074/jbc.M117.782359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Purinergic receptors and pain. CPD. 2009;15(15):1717–1735. doi:10.2174/138161209788186335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G. Purinergic Mechanisms and Pain. In: James E. Barrett, Editor. Advances in Pharmacology Vol. 75. Massachusetts: Academic Press; 2016. Pages 91–137.
   Google Scholar
• Stoop R, Thomas S, Rassendren F, et al. Contribution of individual subunits to the multimeric P2X 2 receptor: estimates based on methanethiosulfonate block at T336C. Mol Pharmacol. 1999;56(5):973–981. doi:10.1124/mol.56.5.973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnstock G, Knight GE, Greig A. Purinergic signaling in healthy and diseased skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132(3):526–546. doi:10.1038/jid.2011.344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tantama M, Yellen G. Imaging Changes in the Cytosolic ATP-to-ADP Ratio. In: Anne N. Murphy, David C. Chan, Editors. Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 547. Massachusetts: Academic Press; 2014. pp. 355–371.
   Google Scholar
• Du F, Zhu X-H, Zhang Y, et al. Tightly coupled brain activity and cerebral ATP metabolic rate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105(17):6409–6414. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710766105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cisneros-Mejorado A, Pérez-Samartín A, Gottlieb M, et al. ATP signaling in brain: release, excitotoxicity and potential therapeutic targets. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2015;35(1):1–6. doi:10.1007/s10571-014-0092-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park Y-J, Ryu H, Choi G, et al. IL-27 confers a protumorigenic activity of regulatory T cells via CD39. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2019;116(8):3106–3111. doi:10.1073/pnas.1810254116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonioli L, Pacher P, Vizi ES, et al. CD39 and CD73 in immunity and inflammation. Trends Mol Med. 2013;19(6):355–367. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.03.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dwyer KM, Deaglio S, Gao W, et al. CD39 and control of cellular immune responses. Purinergic Signal. 2007;3(1–2):171–180. doi:10.1007/s11302-006-9050-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freissmuth M, Klotz K-N. Adenosine receptor biology in the central nervous system. In: David Blum, Luísa V. Lopes, Editors. Adenosine Receptors in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Massachusetts: Academic Press; 2017. pp 3–22.
   Google Scholar
• Dunwiddie TV, Masino SA. The role and regulation of adenosine in the central nervous system. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24(1):31–55. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro JA, Sebastião AM, de Mendonça A. Adenosine receptors in the nervous system: pathophysiological implications. Prog Neurobiol. 2002;68(6):377–392. doi:10.1016/S0301-0082(02)00155-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cass CE, Young JD, Baldwin SA, et al. Nucleoside transporters of mammalian cells. Pharm Biotechnol. 1999;12:313–352. doi:10.1007/0-306-46812-3_12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kumar V, Sharma A. Adenosine: an endogenous modulator of innate immune system with therapeutic potential. Eur J Pharmacol. 2009;616(1–3):7–15. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.05.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmenhorst E-M, Elmenhorst D, Benderoth S, et al. Cognitive impairments by alcohol and sleep deprivation indicate trait characteristics and a potential role for adenosine A 1 receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115(31):8009–8014. doi:10.1073/pnas.1803770115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Przybyła T, Sakowicz-Burkiewicz M, Pawełczyk T. Purinergic signalling in B cells. Acta Biochim Pol. 2018;65(1):1–7. doi:10.18388/abp.2017_1588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savio LEB, Coutinho-Silva R. Purinergic signaling in infection and autoimmune disease. Biomed J. 2016;39(5):304–305. doi:10.1016/j.bj.2016.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balboa MA, de Pablo N, Meana C, et al. The role of lipins in innate immunity and inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta BBA - Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2019;1864(10):1328–1337. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayah A, Kanellopoulos JM, Di Virgilio F. Di Virgilio F. P2 receptors and immunity. Microbes Infect Inst Pasteur. 2012;14(14):1254–1262. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2012.07.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonioli L, Blandizzi C, Fornai M, et al. P2X4 receptors, immunity, and sepsis. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2019;47:65–74. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2019.02.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Layhadi JA, Turner J, Crossman D, et al. Evokes Ca2+ responses and CXCL5 secretion via P2X 4 receptor activation in human monocyte-derived macrophages. J Immunol. 2018;200(3):1159–1168. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1700965.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Wang H, Kouadir M, et al. Recent advances in the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its inhibitors. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(2):1–11. doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1413-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albalawi F, Lu W, Beckel JM, et al. The P2X7 receptor primes IL-1β and the NLRP3 inflammasome in astrocytes exposed to mechanical strain. Front Cell Neurosci. 2017;11:227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Virgilio F, Dal Ben D, Sarti AC, et al. The P2X7 receptor in infection and inflammation. Immunity. 2017;47(1):15–31. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee A, Ledderose C, Li X, et al. Adenosine triphosphate release is required for toll-like receptor-induced monocyte/macrophage activation, inflammasome signaling, interleukin-1β production, and the host immune response to infection. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(12):e1183–e1189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sueyoshi K, Ledderose C, Shen Y, et al. Lipopolysaccharide suppresses T cells by generating extracellular ATP that impairs their mitochondrial function via P2Y11 receptors. J Biol Chem. 2019;294(16):6283–6293. doi:10.1074/jbc.RA118.007188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woehrle T, Ledderose C, Rink J, et al. Autocrine stimulation of P2Y1 receptors is part of the purinergic signaling mechanism that regulates T cell activation. Purinergic Signal. 2019;15(2):127–137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petit-Jentreau L, Tailleux L, Coombes JL. Purinergic signaling: a common path in the macrophage response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017;7:347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohta A, Sitkovsky M. Extracellular adenosine-mediated modulation of regulatory T cells. Front Immunol. 2014;5:304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bottari NB, Pillat MM, Schetinger MRC, et al. Resveratrol-mediated reversal of changes in purinergic signaling and immune response induced by Toxoplasma gondii infection of neural progenitor cells. Purinergic Signal. 2019;15(1):77–84. doi:10.1007/s11302-018-9634-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown RA, Spina D, Page CP. Adenosine receptors and asthma. Br J Pharmacol. 2009;153(S1):S446–S456. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson CN, Nadeem A, Spina D, et al. Adenosine receptors and asthma. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(193):329–362.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yuryeva K, Saltykova I, Ogorodova L, et al. Expression of adenosine receptors in monocytes from patients with bronchial asthma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015;464(4):1314–1320. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudich N, Dekel O, Sagi-Eisenberg R. Down-regulation of the A3 adenosine receptor in human mast cells upregulates mediators of angiogenesis and remodeling. Mol Immunol. 2015;65(1):25–33. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S-H, Kim Y-K, Park H-W, et al. Adenosine deaminase and adenosine receptor polymorphisms in aspirin-intolerant asthma. Respir Med. 2009;103(3):356–363. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2008.10.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia M, Santos‐Dias A, Bachi ALL, et al. Creatine supplementation impairs airway inflammation in an experimental model of asthma involving P2 × 7 receptor. Eur J Immunol. 2019;49(6):928–939. doi:10.1002/eji.201847657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chetty A, Sharda A, Warburton R, et al. A purinergic P2Y6 receptor agonist prodrug modulates airway inflammation, remodeling, and hyperreactivity in a mouse model of asthma. JAA. 2018;11:159–171. doi:10.2147/JAA.S151849.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Sastre A. Type 1 interferons and the virus-host relationship: a lesson in detente. Science. 2006;312(5775):879–882. doi:10.1126/science.1125676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Platanias LC. Mechanisms of type-I- and type-II-interferon-mediated signalling. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;5(5):375–386. doi:10.1038/nri1604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider WM, Chevillotte MD, Rice CM. Interferon-stimulated genes: a complex web of host defenses. Annu Rev Immunol. 2014;32(1):513–545. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang C, He H, Wang L, et al. Virus-triggered ATP release limits viral replication through facilitating IFN-β production in a P2X7-dependent manner. J Immunol. 2017;199(4):1372–1381. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1700187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leyva-Grado VH, Ermler ME, Schotsaert M, et al. Contribution of the purinergic receptor P2X7 to development of lung immunopathology during influenza virus infection. mBio. 2017;8(2):e00229–17. doi:10.1128/mBio.00229-17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavala ML, Liu Y-P, Lenertz LY, et al. Nucleotide receptor P2RX7 stimulation enhances LPS‐induced interferon‐β production in murine macrophages. J Leukoc Biol. 2013;94(4):759–768. doi:10.1189/jlb.0712351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin A, Toy T, Rothenfusser S, et al. P2Y receptor signaling regulates phenotype and IFN- secretion of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood. 2008;111(6):3062–3069. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-02-071910.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li R, Tan B, Yan Y, et al. Extracellular UDP and P2Y6 function as a danger signal to protect mice from vesicular stomatitis virus infection through an increase in IFN-β production. J Immunol. 2014;193(9):4515–4526. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1301930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang C, Yan Y, He H, et al. IFN-stimulated P2Y13 protects mice from viral infection by suppressing the cAMP/EPAC1 signaling pathway. Su B, editor. J Mol Cell Biol. 2019;11(5):395–407. doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjy045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingwersen J, Wingerath B, Graf J, et al. Dual roles of the adenosine A2a receptor in autoimmune neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflamm. 2016;13(1):48. doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0512-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojcik M, Zieleniak A, Mac‐Marcjanek K, et al. The elevated gene expression level of the A2B adenosine receptor is associated with hyperglycemia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2014;30(1):42–53. doi:10.1002/dmrr.2446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiers D, Wielockx B, Peters E, et al. Short-term hypoxia dampens inflammation in vivo via enhanced adenosine release and adenosine 2B receptor stimulation. EBioMedicine. 2018;33:144–156. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young MT. P2X receptors: dawn of the post-structure era. Trends Biochem Sci. 2010;35(2):83–90. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2009.09.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cicko S, Köhler TC, Ayata CK, et al. Extracellular ATP is a danger signal activating P2X7 receptor in a LPS mediated inflammation (ARDS/ALI). Oncotarget. 2018;9(55):30635–30648. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.25761.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xu X-Y, He X-T, Wang J, et al. Role of the P2X7 receptor in inflammation-mediated changes in the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(1). doi:10.1038/s41419-018-1253-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Virgilio F. Purines, purinergic receptors, and cancer. Cancer Res. 2012;72(21):5441–5447. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-1600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellegatti P, Falzoni S, Pinton P, et al. A novel recombinant plasma membrane-targeted luciferase reveals a new pathway for ATP secretion. MBoC. 2005;16(8):3659–3665. doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-03-0222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Virgilio F, Adinolfi E. Extracellular purines, purinergic receptors and tumor growth. Oncogene. 2017;36(3):293–303. doi:10.1038/onc.2016.206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yegutkin GG, Marttila-Ichihara F, Karikoski M, et al. Altered purinergic signaling in CD73-deficient mice inhibits tumor progression. Eur J Immunol. 2011;41(5):1231–1241. doi:10.1002/eji.201041292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montalbán del Barrio I, Penski C, Schlahsa L, et al. Adenosine-generating ovarian cancer cells attract myeloid cells which differentiate into adenosine-generating tumor associated macrophages – a self-amplifying, CD39- and CD73-dependent mechanism for tumor immune escape. J Immunother Cancer. 2016;4:49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmid S, Kübler M, Korcan Ayata C, et al. Altered purinergic signaling in the tumor associated immunologic microenvironment in metastasized non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2015;90(3):516–521. doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.10.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Lupo KB, Chambers AM, et al. Purinergic targeting enhances immunotherapy of CD73+ solid tumors with piggyBac-engineered chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells. J Immunother Cancer. 2018;6(1):136. doi:10.1186/s40425-018-0441-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waickman AT, Alme A, Senaldi L, et al. Enhancement of tumor immunotherapy by deletion of the A2A adenosine receptor. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2012;61(6):917–926. doi:10.1007/s00262-011-1155-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cekic C, Linden J. Adenosine A2A receptors intrinsically regulate CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res. 2014;74(24):7239–7249. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-3581.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia J, Yu X, Tang L, et al. P2X7 receptor stimulates breast cancer cell invasion and migration via the AKT pathway. Oncol Rep. 2015;34(1):103–110. doi:10.3892/or.2015.3979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raffaghello L, Chiozzi P, Falzoni S, et al. The P2X7 receptor sustains the growth of human neuroblastoma cells through a substance P–dependent mechanism. Cancer Res. 2006;66(2):907–914. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slater M, Danieletto S, Gidley-Baird A, et al. Early prostate cancer detected using expression of non-functional cytolytic P2X7 receptors. Histopathology. 2004;44(3):206–215. doi:10.1111/j.0309-0167.2004.01798.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannuzzo A, Saccomano M, Napp J, et al. Targeting of the P2X7 receptor in pancreatic cancer and stellate cells. Int J Cancer. 2016;139(11):2540–2552. doi:10.1002/ijc.30380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu W, McCormick T, Qi X, et al. Activation of P2X7-mediated apoptosis Inhibits DMBA/TPA-induced formation of skin papillomas and cancer in mice. BMC Cancer. 2009;9(1):114. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Virgilio F, Ferrari D, Adinolfi E. P2X7: a growth-promoting receptor—implications for cancer. Purinergic Signal. 2009;5(2):251–256. doi:10.1007/s11302-009-9145-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bianchi G, Vuerich M, Pellegatti P, et al. ATP/P2X7 axis modulates myeloid-derived suppressor cell functions in neuroblastoma microenvironment. Cell Death Dis. 2014;5(3):e1135. doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghiringhelli F, Apetoh L, Tesniere A, et al. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells induces IL-1β–dependent adaptive immunity against tumors. Nat Med. 2009;15(10):1170–1178. doi:10.1038/nm.2028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hechler B, Gachet C. P2 receptors and platelet function. Purinergic Signal. 2011;7(3):293–303. doi:10.1007/s11302-011-9247-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamiyama M, Shirai T, Tamura S, et al. ASK1 facilitates tumor metastasis through phosphorylation of an ADP receptor P2Y12 in platelets. Cell Death Differ. 2017;24(12):2066–2076. doi:10.1038/cdd.2017.114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cattaneo M. The platelet P2 receptors in inflammation. Hamostaseologie. 2015;35(03):262–266. doi:10.5482/HAMO-14-09-0044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekő K, Koványi B, Gölöncsér F, et al. Contribution of platelet P2Y12 receptors to chronic Complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain. J Thromb Haemost. 2017;15(6):1223–1235. doi:10.1111/jth.13684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amison RT, Momi S, Morris A, et al. RhoA signaling through platelet P2Y1 receptor controls leukocyte recruitment in allergic mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135(2):528–538.e4. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.09.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urade Y, Eguchi N, Qu W-M, et al. Minireview: sleep regulation in adenosine A2A receptor-deficient mice. Neurology. 2003;61(11 suppl 6):S94–S96.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu L, Meng J, Shen Q, et al. Caffeine inhibits hypothalamic A1R to excite oxytocin neuron and ameliorate dietary obesity in mice. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):15904. doi:10.1038/ncomms15904.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakata M, Ishibashi K, Imai M, et al. Initial evaluation of an adenosine A2A receptor ligand, 11C-preladenant, in healthy human subjects. J Nucl Med. 2017;58(9):1464–1470. doi:10.2967/jnumed.116.188474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stocchi F, Rascol O, Hauser RA, et al. Randomized trial of preladenant, given as monotherapy, in patients with early Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2017;88(23):2198–2206. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson S, Weingart J, Nduom EK, et al. The effect of an adenosine A2A agonist on intra-tumoral concentrations of temozolomide in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2018;15(1):2. doi:10.1186/s12987-017-0088-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue K, Tsuda M. Microglia in neuropathic pain: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2018;19(3):138–152. doi:10.1038/nrn.2018.2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mah W, Lee SM, Lee J, et al. A role for the purinergic receptor P2X 3 in astrocytes in the mechanism of craniofacial neuropathic pain. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):13627. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13561-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephan G, Huang L, Tang Y, et al. The ASIC3/P2X3 cognate receptor is a pain-relevant and ligand-gated cationic channel. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):3351. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05621-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H-H, Hu J, Zhou Y-L, et al. Promoted interaction of nuclear factor-kB with demethylated purinergic P2X3 receptor gene contributes to neuropathic pain in rats with diabetes. 2015;64:13. doi:10.2337/db15-0138.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang Y-L, Chen D-J, Yang B-L, et al. Microencapsulated Schwann cell transplantation inhibits P2X3 receptor expression in dorsal root ganglia and neuropathic pain. Neural Regen Res. 2018;13(11):1961. doi:10.4103/1673-5374.238715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlinge D, Burnstock G. P2 receptors in cardiovascular regulation and disease. Purinergic Signal. 2008;4(1):1–20. doi:10.1007/s11302-007-9078-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kira S, Yoshiyama M, Tsuchiya S, et al. P2Y6-deficiency increases micturition frequency and attenuates sustained contractility of the urinary bladder in mice. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):771. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00824-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lecut C, Frederix K, Johnson DM, et al. P2X1 ion channels promote neutrophil chemotaxis through Rho kinase activation. J Immunol. 2009;183(4):2801–2809. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0804007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar