References
- Berney, S., & Bétrancourt, M. (2016). Does animation enhance learning? A meta-analysis. Computers & Education, 101, 150–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.06.005
- Bétrancourt, M., & Tversky, B. (2000). Effect of computer animation on users’ performance: A review/(Effet de l’animation sur les performances des utilisateurs: une sythèse). Le travail humain, 63(4), 311. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40660267?seq=1
- Brann, M., & Himes, K. L. (2010). Perceived credibility of male versus female television newscasters. Communication Research Reports, 27(3), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824091003737869
- Burgers, C., & De Graaf, A. (2013). Language intensity as a sensationalistic news feature: The influence of style on sensationalism perceptions and effects. Communications - the European Journal of Communication Research, 38(2), 167–188. https://doi.org/10.1515/commun-2013-0010
- Cheng, B. K. L., & Lo, W. H. (2015). The effects of melodramatic animation in crime-related news. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 92(3), 559–579. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015581799
- Cheng, B. K. L., & Lo, W. H. (2018). Melodramatic animation in crime news and news information learning. Journalism, 22(2), 537–552. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884918776747
- Cheung, M. Y., Hong, W., & Thong, J. Y. (2017). Effects of animation on attentional resources of online consumers. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 18(8), 605–632. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00464
- Cunningham, A. C. (2017). Fracking. Greenhaven Publishing LLC.
- Dixon, G. (2016). Applying the gateway belief model to genetically modified food perceptions: New insights and additional questions. Journal of Communication, 66(6), 888–908. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12260
- Duan, R., Zwickle, A., & Takahashi, B. (2017). A construal-level perspective of climate change images in US newspapers. Climatic Change, 142(3–4), 345–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1945-9
- Eisinga, R., Te Grotenhuis, M., & Pelzer, B. (2013). The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or Spearman-Brown? International Journal of Public Health, 58(4), 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-012-0416-3
- Flores, W., Chen, J.-C. V., & Ross, W. H. (2014). The effect of variations in banner ad, type of product, website context, and language of advertising on Internet users’ attitudes. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.006
- Gardner, W. L., & Knowles, M. L. (2008). Love makes you real: Favorite television characters are perceived as “real” in a social facilitation paradigm. Social Cognition, 26(2), 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2008.26.2.156
- Greussing, E., Kessler, S. H., & Boomgaarden, H. G. (2020). Learning from science news via interactive and animated data visualizations: An investigation combining eye tracking, online survey, and cued retrospective reporting. Science Communication, 42(6), 803–828. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547020962100
- Grundy, S. C. (1994). “ Captaining the planet”: A semiotic analysis of environmental animation.
- Gutsche, R. E., Jr, Jacobson, S., & Marino, J. (2015, October, 28). Can longform journalism thrive in the age of the mobile device? RjiOnline. org.
- Gynnild, A. (2019). Visual journalism. In The International Encyclopedia of Journalism Studies (eds T.P. Vos, F. Hanusch, D. Dimitrakopoulou, M. Geertsema-Sligh and A. Sehl). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118841570.iejs0274.
- Hart, P. S., & Nisbet, E. C. (2012). Boomerang effects in science communication: How motivated reasoning and identity cues amplify opinion polarization about climate mitigation policies. Communication Research, 39(6), 701–723. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650211416646
- Heise, U. K. (2014). Plasmatic nature: Environmentalism and animated film. Public Culture, 26(73), 301–318. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2392075
- Hight, C. (2008). Primetime digital documentary animation: The photographic and graphic within play. Studies in Documentary film, 2(1), 9–31. https://doi.org/10.1386/sdf.2.1.9_1
- Horning, M. A. (2017). Interacting with news: Exploring the effects of modality and perceived responsiveness and control on news source credibility and enjoyment among second screen viewers. Computers in human behavior, 73, 273–283.
- Ibelema, M., & Powell, L. (2001). Cable television news viewed as most credible. Newspaper Research Journal, 22(1), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/073953290102200104
- Ishii, H., & Yamauchi, H. (1994). A study of cognitive loading in dual-coding theory. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 79(1), 458. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.458
- Kim, K. J., Sundar, S. S., & Park, E. (2011). The effects of screen-size and communication modality on psychology of mobile device users. In CHI’11 extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems (CHI EA '11). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 1207–1212. https://doi.org/10.1145/1979742.1979749 .
- Kim, Y. M. (2008). Where is my issue? The influence of news coverage and personal issue importance on subsequent information selection on the web. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 52(4), 600–621. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838150802437438
- Kiousis, S. (2006). Exploring the impact of modality on perceptions of credibility for online news stories. Journalism Studies, 7(2), 348–359.
- Krause, A., & Bucy, E. P. (2018). Interpreting images of fracking: How visual frames and standing attitudes shape perceptions of environmental risk and economic benefit. Environmental Communication, 12(3), 322–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2017.1412996
- Lang, A. (2006). Using the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing to design effective cancer communication messages. Journal of Communication, 56(suppl_1), S57–S80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00283.x
- Lecheler, S., & De Vreese, C. H. (2011). Getting real: The duration of framing effects. Journal of Communication, 61(5), 959–983. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01580.x
- Lewis, N., & Martinez, L. S. (2020). Information seeking as a predictor of risk behavior: Testing a behavior and risk information engagement model (BRIE). Journal of Health Communication, 25(6), 474–483. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2020.1797247
- Lin, L., & Atkinson, R. K. (2011). Using animations and visual cueing to support learning of scientific concepts and processes. Computers & Education, 56(3), 650–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.10.007
- Lo, W. H., & Cheng, B. K. L. (2017). The use of melodramatic animation in news, presence and news credibility: A path model. Journalism Studies, 18(6), 787–805. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2015.1087814
- Maier, C. D. (2011). Communicating business greening and greenwashing in global media: A multimodal discourse analysis of CNN’s greenwashing video. International Communication Gazette, 73(1–2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048510386747
- Marks, L. A., Kalaitzandonakes, N. G., Allison, K., & Zakharova, L. (2003). Media coverage of agrobiotechnology: Did the butterfly have an effect? Journal of Agribusiness, 21(345–2016–15206), 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.14674
- Mazur, A. (2016). How did the fracking controversy emerge in the period 2010–2012? Public Understanding of Science, 25(2), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662514545311
- National Endowment for Science and Technology Association. (2008). Selling sustainability report: Seven lessons from advertising and marketing to sell low-carbon living. Author.
- Oh, J., Ahn, J., & Lim, H. S. (2019). Interactivity as a double-edged sword: Parsing out the effects of modality interactivity on anti-smoking message processing and persuasion. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 96(4), 1099–1119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699019835911
- Oh, J., & Sundar, S. S. (2015). How does interactivity persuade? An experimental test of interactivity on cognitive absorption, elaboration, and attitudes. Journal of Communication, 65(2), 213–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12147
- Opgenhaffen, M., & d’Haenens, L. (2011). The impact of online news features on learning from news. A knowledge experiment. International Journal of Internet Science, 6(1), 8–28. https://www.ijis.net/ijis6_1/ijis6_1_opgenhaffen_and_dhaenens.pdf
- Partridge, T., Thomas, M., Harthorn, B. H., Pidgeon, N., Hasell, A., Stevenson, L., & Enders, C. (2017). Seeing futures now: Emergent US and UK views on shale development, climate change and energy systems. Global Environ Chang, 42, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.11.002
- Pincus, H., Wojcieszak, M., & Boomgarden, H. (2017). Do multimedia matter? Cognitive and affective effects of embedded multimedia journalism. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 94(3), 747–771. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699016654679
- Rockwell, S. C., & Singleton, L. A. (2007). The effect of the modality of presentation of streaming multimedia on information acquisition. Media Psychology, 9(1), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213260709336808
- Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2013). Personally relevant climate change: The role of place attachment and local versus global message framing in engagement. Environment and Behavior, 45(1), 60–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916511421196
- Schaap, G., Kleemans, M., & Van Cauwenberge, A. (2018). Second screening for news: Effects of presentation on information processing and program liking. Computers in Human Behavior, 84, 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.006
- Schroth, O., Angel, J., Sheppard, S., & Dulic, A. (2014). Visual climate change communication: From iconography to locally framed 3D visualization. Environmental Communication, 8(4), 413–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2014.906478
- Schueler, A., Scheiter, K., Gerjets, P., & Rummer, R. (2008). Does a lack of contiguity with visual text cause the modality effect in multimedia learning [Paper Presentation]. At the Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society.
- She, H.-C., & Chen, Y.-Z. (2009). The impact of multimedia effect on science learning: Evidence from eye movements. Computers & Education, 53(4), 1297–1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2009.06.012
- Smith, D., McLaughlin, T., & Brown, I. (2012). 3-D computer animation vs. live-action video: Differences in viewers’ response to instructional vignettes. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 12(1), 41–54. https://www.learntechlib.org/p/37618/
- Soika, K., Reiska, P., & Mikser, R. (2010). The importance of animation as a visual method in learning chemistry. Tallinn University.
- Sprecher, S. (2014). Initial interactions online-text, online-audio, online-video, or face-to-face: Effects of modality on liking, closeness, and other interpersonal outcomes. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.029
- Starosielski, N. (2011). ‘Movements that are drawn’: A history of environmental animation from The Lorax to FernGully to Avatar. International Communication Gazette, 73(1–2), 145–163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048510386746
- Sundar, S. S. (1999). Exploring receivers’ criteria for perception of print and online news. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 76(2), 373–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909907600213
- Sundar, S. S. (2008). The MAIN model: A heuristic approach to understanding technology effects on credibility. MacArthur Foundation Digital Media and Learning Initiative.
- Sundar, S. S., Kang, J., & Oprean, D. (2017). Being there in the midst of the story: How immersive journalism affects our perceptions and cognitions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 20(11), 672–682. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0271
- Sundar, S. S., & Limperos, A. M. (2013). Uses and grats 2.0: New gratifications for new media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 57(4), 504–525. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2013.845827
- Turcotte, J., York, C., Irving, J., Scholl, R. M., & Pingree, R. J. (2015). News recommendations from social media opinion leaders: Effects on media trust and information seeking. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20(5), 520–535. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12127
- Wang, R., & Sundar, S. S. (2018). How does parallax scrolling influence user experience? A test of TIME (Theory of interactive media effects). International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 34(6), 533–543. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2017.1373457