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ARTICLES

Can a Tunnel Become a Double Agent—For the Soviets?

REFERENCES

  • “Wonderful Tunnel,” Time, 7 May 1956.
  • Christopher Andrew, The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5 (London: Allen Lane, 2009), p. 377–378.
  • Kenneth G. Robertson and Michael R. D. Foot, War, Resistance and Intelligence: Essays in Honour of M. R. D. Foot (Barnsley, UK: Cooper, 1999), p. 213.
  • David Stafford, Spies Beneath Berlin (Woodstock and New York: Overlook Press, 2002), p. 47.
  • Ibid., p.14.
  • Ibid., p. 35.
  • Ibid., p. 20.
  • David Murphy, Sergei A. Kondrashev, and George Bailey, Battleground Berlin: CIA vs. KGB in the Cold War (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997, pp. 205–237.
  • Ibid. p. 211 for Nummermädchen. See also, Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History: The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1956,” February 2007 declassified version, available at https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP07X00001R000100010001-9.pdf, accessed 27 September 2017.
  • David Stafford, Spies Beneath Berlin, pp. 49–50.
  • Ibid., p. 51.
  • Robert J. Lamphere and Tom Shachtman. The FBI-KGB War: A Special Agent’s Story (New York: Random House, 1986), p. 61, and David Stafford, Spies Beneath Berlin, pp. 51–52.
  • David Stafford, Spies Beneath Berlin, p. 53.
  • George Blake, No Other Choice: An Autobiography (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990), p. 180.
  • David E. Murphy, Sergei A. Kondrashev, and George Bailey, Battleground Berlin, p. 214.
  • Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History: The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1956.”
  • Roger Hermiston, The Greatest Traitor: The Secret Lives of Agent George Blake (London: Aurum, 2013), pp. 2–6, and George Blake, No Other Choice.
  • George Blake, No Other Choice.
  • Roger Hermiston, The Greatest Traitor, pp. 155–156.
  • George Blake, No Other Choice, p. 18.
  • David E. Murphy, Sergei A. Kondrashev, and George Bailey, Battleground Berlin, p. 216
  • Ibid., pp. 217–218.
  • “Discovery by the Soviets of PBJOINTLY,” in Appendix A of Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History: The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1956.”
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid., p. 15.
  • Ibid., p. 2.
  • David Stafford, Spies Beneath Berlin, p. 155
  • Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History: The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1956.”
  • “The Tunnel of Love,” The Washington Post, 1 May 1956.
  • “Berlin Reds Flock to See ‘U.S. Wire-Tap Tunnel,’” The New York Herald Tribune, 27 May 1956.
  • “Reds Man Guns at ‘Spy Tunnel’ Outside Berlin,” Chicago Tribune, 29 May 1956.
  • Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History: The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1956,” Appendix D, p. 2.
  • Ibid. See also, Neues Deutschland, 25 April 1956, in Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History, The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1952,” Appendix D, p. 2
  • “Berlin Reds Flock to See ‘U.S. Wire-Tap Tunnel.’” New York Herald Tribune.
  • NBC, 17 May 1956, “CIA May Have Ordered Wiretap Tunnel-Dreier,” in Appendix C, Central Intelligence Agency, “Clandestine Services History: The Berlin Tunnel Operation, 1952–1956.”
  • Hugh Montgomery interview by David Stafford, Washington, DC, April 2001, quoted in David Stafford, Spies Beneath Berlin, p. 172.

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