Experimental Models of Acute Renal Failure and Erythropoietin: What Evidence of a Direct Effect?

REFERENCES

• Witzgall R, Brown D, Schwarz C, Bonventre JV. Localization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vimentin, c-Fos, and clusterin in the postischemic kidney. Evidence for a heterogenous genetic response among nephron segments, and a large pool of mitotically active and dedifferentiated cells. J Clin Invest. May, 1994; 93(5)2175–2188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thadhani R, Pascual M, Bonventre JV. Acute renal failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996; 334: 1448–1460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuk A, Bonventre JV, Brown D, Matlin KS. Polarity, integrin, and extracellular matrix dynamics in the postischemic rat kidney. Am J Physiol. Sep, 1998; 275(3 Pt 1)C711–C731
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fujigaki Y, Goto T, Sakakima M, Fukasawa H, Miyaji T, Yamamoto T, Hishida A. Kinetics and characterization of initially regenerating proximal tubules in S3 segment in response to various degrees of acute tubular injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Jan, 2006; 21(1)41–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maeshima A, Yamashita S, Nojima Y. Identification of renal progenitor-like tubular cells that participate in the regeneration processes of the kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003; 14: 3138–3146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Celle T, Cleutjens JP, Blankesteijn WM, Debets JJ, Smits JF, Janssen BJ. Long-term structural and functional consequences of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo in mice. Exp Physiol. Sep, 2004; 89(5)605–15, [E-pub 2004 Jul 15.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Celle T, Vanrobaeys F, Lijnen P, Matthijs Blankesteijn W, Heeneman S, Van Beeumen J, Devreese B, Jos F, Smits M, Janssen BJA. Alterations in mouse cardiac proteome after in vivo myocardial infarction: permanent ischaemia versus ischaemia–reperfusion. Experimental Physiology. 2005; 90(4)593–606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z, Chua CC, Gao J, Hamdy RC, Chua BH. Protective effect of melatonin on myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol. 2003; 284: H1618–H1624
   Google Scholar
• Orlic D, et al. Mobilized bone marrow cells repair the infarcted heart, improving function and survival. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2001; 98: 10344–10349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paczynski RP, Venkatesan R, Diringer MN, He YY, Hsu CY, Lin W. Effects of fluid management on edema volume and midline shift in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2000; 31(7)1702–1708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Lookeren Campagne M, Thibodeaux H, van Bruggen N, Cairns B, Gerlai R, Palmer JT, Williams SP, Lowe DG. Evidence for a protective role of metallothionein-1 in focal cerebral ischemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. Oct 26, 1999; 96(22)12870–12875
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang B, Jain S, Pawluczyk IZ, Imtiaz S, Bowley L, Ashra SY, Nicholson ML. Inflammation and caspase activation in long-term renal ischemia/reperfusion injury and immunosuppression in rats. Kidney Int. Nov, 2005; 68(5)2050–2067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi K, Wakino S, Kanda T, Homma K, Sugano N, Saruta T. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of chronic renal injury: role of rho-kinase in the development of renal injury. J Pharmacol Sci. Jan, 2006; 100(1)29–33, [E-pub 2006 Jan 6.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Docherty NG, O'sullivan OE, Healy DA, Fitzpatrick JM, Watson RW. Evidence that inhibition of tubular cell apoptosis protects against renal damage and development of fibrosis following ureteric obstruction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. Jan, 2006; 290(1)F4–F13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Johnson RJ, Herrera-Acosta J. Tubulointerstitial damage and progression of renal failure. Kidney Int Suppl. Dec, 2005; 99: S82–S86
   Google Scholar
• Li P, Akimoto T, Zhang M, Williams RS, Yan Z. Resident stem cells are not required for exercise-induced fiber type-switching and angiogenesis, but required for activity-dependent muscle growth. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. Jun, 2006; 290(6)C1461–C1468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Negroni E, Butler-Browne GS, Mouly V. Myogenic stem cells: regeneration and cell therapy in human skeletal muscle. Pathol Biol (Paris). Mar, 2006; 54(2)100–108, [E-pub 2005 Oct 21.]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yano T, Miura T, Ikeda Y, Matsuda E, Saito K, Miki T, Kobayashi H, Nishino Y, Ohtani S, Shimamoto K. Intracardiac fibroblasts, but not bone marrow derived cells, are the origin of myofibroblasts in myocardial infarct repair. Cardiovasc Pathol. Sep–Oct, 2005; 14(5)241–246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bull ND, Bartlett PF. The adult mouse hippocampal progenitor is neurogenic but not a stem cell. J Neurosci. Nov 23, 2005; 25(47)10815–10821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladeby R, Wirenfeldt M, Garcia-Ovejero D, Fenger C, Dissing-Olesen L, Dalmau I, Finsen B. Microglial cell population dynamics in the injured adult central nervous system. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. Apr, 2005; 48(2)196–206
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krause DS, et al. Multi-organ, multi-lineage engraftment by a single bone marrow-derived stem cell. Cell. 2001; 105: 369–377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bussolati B, Bruno S, Grange C, Buttiglieri S, Deregibus MC, Cantino D, Camussi G. Isolation of renal progenitor cells from adult human kidney. Am J Pathol. Feb, 2005; 166(2)545–555
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witzgall R, Obermuller N, Bolitz U, Calvet JP, Cowley BD, Jr, Walker C, Kriz W, Gretz N, Bonventre JV. Kid-1 expression is high in differentiated renal proximal tubule cells and suppressed in cyst epithelia. Am J Physiol. Dec, 1998; 275(6 Pt 2)F928–F937
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Duffield JS, Park KM, Hsiao LL, Kelley VR, Scadden DT, Ichimura T, Bonventre JV. Restoration of tubular epithelial cells during repair of the postischemic kidney occurs independently of bone marrow-derived stem cells. J Clin Invest. Jul, 2005; 115(7)1743–1755, [E-pub 2005 Jun 2.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin F, et al. Intrarenal cells, not bone marrow-derived cells, are the major source for regeneration in postischemic kidney. Journal Clinic Invest. 2005; 115: 1756–1764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theodoridis M, Passadakis P, Kriki P, Panagoutsos S, Yannatos E, Kantartzi K, Sivridis D, Vargemezis V. Efficient monthly subcutaneous administration of darbepoetin in stable CAPD patients. Perit Dial Int. Nov–Dec, 2005; 25(6)564–569
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno F, et al. Increasing the hematocrit has a beneficial effect on quality of life and is safe in selected hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc. Nephrology. 2000; 11: 335–342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick JP, Hardee ME, Snyder SA, Peltz CM, Zhao Y, Brizel DM, Dewhirst MW, Blackwell KL. The effect of darbepoetin alfa on growth, oxygenation and radioresponsiveness of a breast adenocarcinoma. Radiat Res. Feb, 2006; 165(2)192–201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cersosimo RJ, Jacobson DR. EPOetin alfa versus darbepoetin alfa in hemotherapy-related anemia. Ann Pharmacother. Jan, 2006; 40(1)58–65, quiz 169–170. [E-pub 2005 Dec 6.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waltzman R, Croot C, Justice GR, Fesen MR, Charu V, Williams D. Randomized comparison of epoetin alfa (40,000 U weekly) and darbepoetin alfa (200 microg every 2 weeks) in anemic patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. Oncologist. Sep, 2005; 10(8)642–650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith RE, Jr. Erythropoietic agents in the management of cancer patients. Part 1: Anemia, quality of life, and possible effects on survival. J Support Oncol. Nov–Dec, 2003; 1(4)249–259
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Evens AM, Bennett CL, Luminari S. EPOetin-induced pure red-cell aplasia (PRCA): preliminary results from the research on adverse drug events and reports (RADAR) group. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2005; 18(3)481–489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardee ME. Erythropoietin biology in cancer. Clin Cancer Res. Jan 15, 2006; 12(2)332–339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acs G, et al. Erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptor expression in human cancer. Cancer Res. 2001; 61: 3561–3565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leyland Jones B. Breast cancer trial with erythropoietin terminated unexpectedly. Lancet Oncol. 2003; 4: 459–460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jungers P, et al. Beneficial influence of recombinant human erythropoietin therapy on the rate of progression of chronic renal failure in predialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001; 16: 307–312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fliser D, Bahlmann FH, Haller H. EPO: renoprotection beyond anemia correction. Pediatr Nephrol., [E-pub 2006 Sep 7].
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vesey DA, et al. Erythropoietin protects against ischemic acute renal injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004; 19: 348–355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharples EJ, et al. Erythropoietin protects the kidney against the injury and dysfunction caused by ischemia-reperfusion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004; 15: 2115–2124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagnis C, Beauls H, et al. Erythropoietin enhances recovery after cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in the rat. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001; 16: 932–938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossert J, et al. EPOetin treatment: what are the arguments to expect a beneficial effect on renal disease progression?. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002; 17: 359–361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westenfelder C, Biddle DL, Baranowski RL. Human, rat, and mouse kidney cells express functional erythropoietin receptors. Kidney Int. 1999; 55: 808–820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parsa CJ, Matsumoto A, Kim J, Riel RU, Pascal LS, Walton GB, Thompson RB, Petrofski JA, Annex BH, Stamler JS, Koch WJ. A novel protective effect of erythropoietin in the infarcted heart. J Clin Invest. Oct, 2003; 112(7)999–1007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calvillo L, Latini R, Kajstura J, et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin protects the myocardium from ischemia- reperfusion injury and promotes beneficial remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003; 100: 4802–4806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakanaka M, Wen TC, Matsuda S, et al. In vivo evidence that erythropoietin protects neurons from ischemic damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95: 4635–4640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siren AL, Fratelli M, Brines M, et al. Erythropoietin prevents neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia and metabolic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001; 98: 4044–4049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moonkyoung UM, et al. Anti apoptotic effects of erythropoietin in differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells require activation of both the STAT5 and AKT signaling pathways. J Biol Chem. 2006; 281(9)5648–5656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darnell JE, Jr. Reflections on STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6 as fat STATs. PNAS. Jun 25, 1996; 93(13)6221–6224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva M, Benito A, Sanz C, Prosper F, Ekhterae D, Nunez G, Fernandez-Luna JL. Erythropoietin can induce the expression of bcl-x(L) through Stat5 in erythropoietin-dependent progenitor cell lines. J Biol Chem. Aug 6, 1999; 274(32)22165–22169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arcasoy MO, Jiang X. Co-operative signalling mechanisms required for erythroid precursor expansion in response to erythropoietin and stem cell factor. Br J Haematol. Jul, 2005; 130(1)121–129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeuner A, Pedini F, Signore M, Testa U, Pelosi E, Peschle C, De Maria R. Stem cell factor protects erythroid precursor cells from chemotherapeutic agents via up-regulation of BCL-2 family proteins. Blood. Jul 1, 2003; 102(1)87–93, [E‐pub 2003 Mar 13.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolznig H, Habermann B, Stangl K, Deiner EM, Moriggl R, Beug H, Mullner EW. Apoptosis protection by the EPO target Bcl-X(L) allows factor-independent differentiation of primary erythroblasts. Curr Biol. Jul 9, 2002; 12(13)1076–1085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuart S, et al. Regulation of expression of the human erythropoietin receptor gene. Blood Cells, Molecule, and Diseases. Sep 30, 1996; 22(18)214–224, 30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geijsen N, Koenderman L, Coffer PJ. Specificity in cytokine signal transduction: lessons learned from the IL-3/IL-5/GM-CSF receptor family. Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews. 2001; 1219–25
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brizzi MF, Avanzi GC, Pegoraro L. Hematopoietic growth factor receptors. Int J Cell Cloning. Jul, 1991; 9(4)274–300
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jubinsky PT, Krijanovski OI, Nathan DG, Tavernier J, Sieff CA. The beta chain of the interleukin-3 receptor functionally associates with the erythropoietin receptor. Blood. Sep 1, 1997; 90(5)1867–1873
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halupa A, Bailey ML, Huang K, Iscove NN, Levy DE, Barber DL. A novel role for STAT1 in regulating murine erythropoiesis: deletion of STAT1 results in overall reduction of erythroid progenitors and alters their distribution. Blood. Jan 15, 2005; 105(2)552–561, [E-pub 2004 Jun 22.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirito K, Uchida M, Yamada M, Miura Y, Komatsu N. A distinct function of STAT proteins in erythropoietin signal transduction. J Biol Chem. Jun 27, 1997; 272(26)16507–16513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nemoto T, Yokota N, Keane WF, Rabb H. Recombinant erythropoietin rapidly treats anemia in ischemic acute renal failure. Kidney Int. Jan, 2001; 59(1)246–251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vesey DA, Cheung C, Pat B, Endre Z, Gobe G, Johnson DW. Erythropoietin protects against ischemic acute renal injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Feb, 2004; 19(2)348–355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafiee P, Shi Y, Su J, Pritchard KA, Jr, Tweddell JS, Baker JE. Erythropoietin protects the infant heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by triggering multiple signaling pathways. Basic Res Cardiol. May, 2005; 100(3)187–197, [E-pub 2004 Dec 22.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishihara M, Miura T, Miki T, Sakamoto J, Tanno M, Kobayashi H, Ikeda Y, Ohori K, Takahashi A, Shimamoto K. Erythropoietin affords additional cardioprotection to preconditioned hearts by enhanced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3{beta}. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. Aug, 2006; 291(2)H748–H755
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee ST, Chu K, Sinn DI, Jung KH, Kim EH, Kim SJ, Kim JM, Ko SY, Kim M, Roh JK. Erythropoietin reduces perihematomal inflammation and cell death with eNOS and STAT3 activations in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurochem. Mar, 2006; 96(6)1728–1739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretz A, Happold CJ, Marticke JK, Isenmann S. Erythropoietin promotes regeneration of adult CNS neurons via Jak2/Stat3 and PI3K/AKT pathway activation. Mol Cell Neurosci. Aug, 2005; 29(4)569–579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barber DL, D'Andrea AD. Erythropoietin and interleukin-2 activate distinct JAK kinase family members. Mol Cell Biol. Oct, 1994; 14(10)6506–6514
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millot GA, Svinarchuk F, Lacout C, Vainchenker W, Dumenil D. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor supports erythroid differentiation in the absence of the erythropoietin receptor or Stat5. Br J Haematol. Feb, 2001; 112(2)449–458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filip S, Vanasek J, Blaha M, Mericka P, Vavrova J, Podzimek K. The increase of the rate of hemopoietic recovery and clinical benefit of the erythropoietin (EPO) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) with peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) after intensive cyclic chemotherapy in high-risk breast cancer patients. Neoplasma. 1999; 46(3)166–172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del Peso G, Selgas R, Bajo MA, Fernandez de Castro M, Aguilera A, Cirugeda A, Jimenez C. Serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor is influenced by erythropoietin treatment in peritoneal dialysis patients. Adv Perit Dial. 2000; 16: 85–89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kanellis J, Mudge SJ, Fraser S, Katerelos M, Power DA. Redistribution of cytoplasmic VEGF to the basolateral aspect of renal tubular cells in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Kidney Int. Jun, 2000; 57(6)2445–2456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vannay A, Fekete A, Adori C, Toth T, Losonczy G, Laszlo L, Vasarhelyi B, Tulassay T, Szabo A. Divergence of renal vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression and protein level in post-ischaemic rat kidneys. Exp Physiol. Jul, 2004; 89(4)435–444, [E-pub 2004 May 6.]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore MA, Hattori K, Heissig B, Shieh JH, Dias S, Crystal RG, Rafii S. Mobilization of endothelial and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by adenovector-mediated elevation of serum levels of SDF-1, VEGF, and angiopoietin-1. Ann NY Acad Sci. Jun, 2001; 938: 36–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafii S, Heissig B, Hattori K. Efficient mobilization and recruitment of marrow-derived endothelial and hematopoietic stem cells by adenoviral vectors expressing angiogenic factors. Gene Ther. May, 2002; 9(10)631–641
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villa P, Bigini P, Mennini T, Agnello D, Laragione T, Cagnotto A, Viviani B, Marinovich M, Cerami A, Coleman TR, Brines M, Ghezzi P. Erythropoietin selectively attenuates cytokine production and inflammation in cerebral ischemia by targeting neuronal apoptosis. J Exp Med. Sep 15, 2003; 198(6)971–975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agnello D, Bigini P, Villa P, Mennini T, Cerami A, Brines ML, Ghezzi P. Erythropoietin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect on the CNS in a model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Brain Res. Oct 11, 2002; 952(1)128–134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki N, Ohneda O, Takahashi S, Higuchi M, Mukai HY, Nakahata T, Imagawa S, Yamamoto M. Erythroid-specific expression of the erythropoietin receptor rescued its null mutant mice from lethality. Blood. Oct 1, 2002; 100(7)2279–2288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdougall IC. CERA (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator): a new erythropoiesis-stimulating agent for the treatment of anemia. Curr Hematol Rep. Nov, 2005; 4(6)436–440
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fiordaliso F, Chimenti S, Staszewsky L, Bai A, Carlo E, Cuccovillo I, Doni M, Mengozzi M, Tonelli R, Ghezzi P, Coleman T, Brines M, Cerami A, Latini R. A non-erythropoietic derivative of erythropoietin protects the myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. Feb 8, 2005; 102(6)2046–2051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savino C, Pedotti R, Baggi F, Ubiali F, Gallo B, Nava S, Bigini P, Barbera S, Fumagalli E, Mennini T, Vezzani A, Rizzi M, Coleman T, Cerami A, Brines M, Ghezzi P, Bianchi R. Delayed administration of erythropoietin and its non-erythropoietic derivatives ameliorates chronic murine autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol. Mar, 2006; 172(1–2)27–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar