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Original Articles

Law enforcement and security challenges in the U.S.‐Mexican border region

Pages 1-24 | Published online: 21 Nov 2011

Endnotes

  • Americas Watch . 1992 . “ Brutality Unchecked: Human Rights Abuses Along the U.S. Border with Mexico ” . New York, NY : Human Rights Watch (Organization) .
  • Anderson , J. W. and Branigin , W. 1997 . “ Flood Of Contraband Hard To Stop: Mexican Traffickers Benefit From Heavy Traffic, New Technology ” . In The Washington Post A1 A30 A31 Washington, D.C.
  • United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Subcommittee on National Security International Affairs and Criminal Justice . 1997 . Counternarcotics Efforts in Mexico and Along the Southwest Border : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, February 25, 1997 , Washington : U.S. G.P.O. .
  • Congressional Sales Office. and Andreas , P. 2000 . Border Games: Policing the U.S.‐ Mexico Divide , Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press. . For sale by the U.S. G.P.O. Supt. of Docs
  • Bailey , J. J. and Godson , R. 2000 . Organized Crime and Democratic Governability: Mexico and the U.S.‐Mexican Borderlands , Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press. .
  • García , J. Z. 2002 . “ Security Regimes on the U.S.‐Mexican Border ” . In Transnational Crime and Public Security: Challenges to Mexico and the United States , Edited by: Chabat , J. La Jolla : Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies .
  • García , J. Z. 2002 . “ Security Regimes on the U.S.‐Mexican Border ” . In Transnational Crime and Public Security: Challenges to Mexico and the United States , Edited by: Chabat , J. La Jolla : Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies .
  • Adler , E. and Barnett , M. N . 1998 . Security Communities , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press . New York
  • González , G. and Haggard , S. 1998 . “ The United States and Mexico: A Pluralistic Security Community? ” . In Security Communities , Edited by: Barnett , M. N. Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press . New York
  • García , J. Z. 2002 . “ Security Regimes on the U.S.‐Mexican Border ” . In Transnational Crime and Public Security: Challenges to Mexico and the United States , Edited by: Chabat , J. La Jolla : Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies . Cambridge studies in international relations ; 62.: xiii, 462.
  • Office of Policy and Planning . 2003 . Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population Residing in the United States:1990 to 2000 , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service .
  • Celia Toro , M. 1995 . Mexico's ‘War’ on Drugs: Causes and Consequences , Boulder; London : Lynne Rienner Publishers. .
  • Bertram , E. Blachman , M. 1996 . Drug War Politics: The Price of Denial Berkeley, Los Angeles.
  • Cottam , M. and Marenin , O. 1999 . “International Cooperation in the War on Drugs: Mexico and the United States.” . Policing and Society , 9 : 209 – 40 .
  • Celia Toro , M. 1995 . Mexico's ‘War’ on Drugs: Causes and Consequences , Boulder; London : Lynne Rienner Publishers .
  • Lumpe , L. 1997 . “The U.S. Arms Both Sides of Mexico's Drug War.” . Covert Action Quarterly , : 39 – 46 .
  • Richard , A. O. N. 1999 . “ An Intelligence Monograph International Trafficking in Women to the United States: A Contemporary Manifestation of Slavery and Organized Crime ” . Washington, D.C. : DCI Exceptional Intelligence Analyst Program, Center for the Study of Intelligence .
  • Lómas , E. Ortega , M. 2003 . “Aumenta la desconfianza por 10 años de impunidad.” . In Reforma 10a Mexico City
  • United States Congress. Senate . 2002 . H.R. 5005: Homeland Security Act of 2002 Washington, D.C. 107th Congress, 2d Session
  • Hughes , J. 2003/2/14 . “Police Are Conserving Supplies, but $4 Million in Cuts Still Needed.” . In San Diego Union Tribune San Diego

References

  • Adler , E. and Barnett , M. N . 1998 . Security Communities , Cambridge, , UK : New York, Cambridge University Press .
  • Americas Watch . 1992 . Brutality Unchecked: Human Rights Abuses Along the U.S. Border with Mexico , New York, NY : Human Rights Watch (Organization) .
  • Anderson , J. W. and Branigin , W. 1997 . “Flood Of Contraband Hard To Stop: Mexican Traffickers Benefit From Heavy Traffic, New Technology.” . In The Washington Post A1 A30 A31 Washington, D.C.
  • Andreas , P. 2000 . Border Games: Policing the U.S.‐ Mexico Divide , Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press .
  • Andreas , P. 2001 . Border Games , Cornell : Cornell University Press .
  • Bailey , J. J. and Godson , R. 2000 . Organized Crime & Democratic Governability : Mexico and the U.S.‐Mexican Borderlands. [Pittsburgh] , University of Pittsburgh Press .
  • Bailey , J. J. and Godson , R. 2000 . Organized Crime and Democratic Governability: Mexico and the U.S.‐Mexican Borderlands , Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press .
  • Bertram , E. Blachman , M. 1996 . Drug War Politics: The Price of Denial Berkeley, Los Angeles
  • Bureau of Justice Statistics . 2001 . Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 2001 354
  • Celia Toro , M. 1995 . Mexico's ‘War’ on Drugs: Causes and Consequences , Boulder; London : Lynne Rienner Publishers .
  • Cornelius , W. A. Kuwahara , Y. 1998 . The Role of Immigrant Labor in the U.S. and Japanese Economies : A Comparative Study of San Diego and Hamamatsu, Japan , San Diego : Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies University of California San Diego .
  • Cornelius , W. A. Martin , P. L. 1994 . Controlling Immigration : A Global Perspective , Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press .
  • Cottam , M. and Marenin , O. 1999 . “International Cooperation in the War on Drugs: Mexico and the United States.” . Policing and Society , 9 : 209 – 40 .
  • Cottam , M. L. and Marenin , O. 1998 . International Cooperation in the War on Drugs: Mexico and United States , Seattle : Washington State University . (Unpublished Paper)
  • García , J. Z. 2002 . “Security Regimes on the U.S.‐Mexican Border.” . In Transnational Crime and Public Security: Challenges to Mexico and the United States , Edited by: Chabat , J. La Jolla : Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies .
  • González , G. and Haggard , S. 1998 . “The United States and Mexico: A Pluralistic Security Community?” . In Security Communities , Edited by: Barnett , M. N. Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press . New York
  • Cambridge studies in international relations , 62 ( xiii ) 462
  • Grodzins , M. 1990 . “The Federal System.” . In Classic Readings in American Politics , Edited by: Rosenbloom , D. H. 61 – 77 . New York : St. Martin's Press .
  • Hughes , J. 2003/2/14 . “Police Are Conserving Supplies, but $4 Million in Cuts Still Needed.” . In San Diego Union Tribune San Diego
  • Lómas , E. Ortega , M. 2003 . “Aumenta la desconfianza por 10 años de impunidad.” . In Reforma 10a Mexico City
  • Lumpe , L. 1997 . “The U.S. Arms Both Sides of Mexico's Drug War.” . Covert Action Quarterly , : 39 – 46 .
  • Office of Policy and Planning . 2003 . Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population Residing in the United States:1990 to 2000 , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service .
  • Richard , A. O. N. 1999 . An Intelligence Monograph International Trafficking in Women to the United States: A Contemporary Manifestation of Slavery and Organized Crime , Washington, D.C. : DCI Exceptional Intelligence Analyst Program, Center for the Study of Intelligence .
  • United States Congress. Senate . 2002 . H.R. 5005: Homeland Security Act of 2002 Washington, D.C. 107th Congress, 2d Session
  • United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Subcommittee on National Security International Affairs and Criminal Justice . 1997 . Counternarcotics Efforts in Mexico and Along the Southwest Border : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, February 25, 1997 , Washington, U.S. G.P.O : For sale by the U.S .
  • Vernez , G. 1993 . “Mexican Labor in California's Economy: From Rapid Growth to Likely Stability.” . In The California‐Mexico Connection , Edited by: Burgess , K. 147 – 164 . Stanford : Stanford University Press .
  • Shirk is Project Coordinator of the Project on Reforming the Administration of Justice in Mexico at the Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
  • This article was first presented as a paper at the 2003 International Studies Association meeting in Portland Oregon. The revised work constitutes part of the author's work on a larger research initiative of the Center for U.S.‐Mexican Studies and sponsored by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and UC‐MEXUS. This project is titled, “The Project on Reforming the Administration of Justice in Mexico” (http://usmex.ucsd.edu/justice) and works to advance knowledge building and bilateral inter‐institutional networks with the end goal of promoting the ongoing consolidation of democracy and the rule of law in Mexico. The author wishes to acknowledge that many of the ideas included in the text are drawn from discussions, interviews, and working group meetings organized for this project. Meetings sponsored by Athanasios Hritoulas, Armand Peschard‐Sverdrup, Stéphane Roussel in a separate ongoing project on trilateralism in U.S., Canadian, and Mexican security also provided particularly valuable insights included in this paper. Specific thanks must also be given for the comments, ideas and contributions of Arturo Alvarado, John Bailey, Robert Buffington, Wayne Cornelius, Janet Olson, Diane Post, Pablo Piccato, José María Ramos, Marisa Ugarte, and Alexandra Webber.

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