Evaluation of the efficacy of a new low-level laser therapy home protocol in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder-related pain: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

References

• Angelo DF, Morouço P, Alves N, et al. Choosing sheep (Ovis aries) as animal model for temporomandibular joint research: morphological, histological and biomechanical characterization of the joint disc. Morphologie. 2016 Dec;100(331):223–233.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peck CC. Biomechanics of occlusion–implications for oral rehabilitation. J Oral Rehabil. 2016 Mar;43(3):205–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yap AU, Chua AP. Sleep bruxism: current knowledge and contemporary management. J Conserv Dent. 2016 Sep-Oct;19(5):383–389.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu M, Xu T, Zhou Y, et al. Pressure and inflammatory stimulation induced increase of cadherin-11 is mediated by PI3K/Akt pathway in synovial fibroblasts from temporomandibular joint. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Oct;21(10):1605–1612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths RH. Report of the president’s conference on examination, diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders. JADA. 1983;106:75–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okeson JP. Orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis and management. 3rd ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing; 1996. p. 42–45.
   Google Scholar
• Dworkin SF, LeResche L, Von Korff MR. Diagnostic studies of temporomandibular disorders: challenges from an epidemiologic perspective. Anesth Prog. 1990 Mar-Jun;37(2–3):147–154.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rieder CE, Martinoff JT, Wilcox SA. The prevalence of mandibular dysfunction. Part I: sex and age distribution of related signs and symptoms. J Prosthet Dent. 1983 Jul;50(1):81–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basat SO, Surmeli M, Demirel O, et al. Assessment of the relationship between clinicophysiologic and magnetic resonance imaging findings of the temporomandibular disorder patients. J Craniofac Surg. 2016 Nov;27(8):1946–1950.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenkevich AS, Filatova EG, Latysheva NV. Migraine and temporomandibular joint dysfunction: mechanisms of comorbidity. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2015;115(10):33–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Macedo J, Doi M, Oltramari-Navarro PV, et al. Association between ear fullness, earache, and temporomandibular joint disorders in the elderly. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Oct;18(4):383–386.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carlson CR, Okeson JP, Falace DA, et al. Comparison of psychologic and physiologic functioning between patients with masticatory muscle pain and matched controls. J Orofac Pain. 1993 Winter;7(1):15–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Okeson J. Orofacial pain: guidelines for classification, assessment and management. 3rd ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing; 1996. p. 199.
   Google Scholar
• McNeill C, Danzig WM, Farrar WB, et al. Position paper of the American Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders. Craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders--the state of the art. J Prosthet Dent. 1980 Oct;44(4):434–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugashvili G, Menabde G, Janelidze M, et al. Temporomandibular joint disorder (review). Georgian Med News. 2013;Feb; (215):17–21.
   Google Scholar
• DeBoever JA, Carlsson GE, Klineberg IJ. Need for occlusal therapy and prosthodontic treatment in the management of temporomandibular disorders. Part II: tooth loss and prosthodontic treatment. J Oral Rehabil. 2000 Aug;27(8):647–659.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho CM, de Lacerda JA, dos Santos Neto FP, et al. Wavelength effect in temporomandibular joint pain: a clinical experience. Lasers Med Sci. 2010 Mar;25(2):229–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havriş MD, Ancuţa C, Iordache C, et al. Study on the effectiveness of the kinetic method in patients with rheumatic diseases and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2012 Jul-Sep;116(3):681–686.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Salazar-Fernandez CI, Herce J, Garcia-Palma A, et al. Telemedicine as an effective tool for the management of temporomandibular joint disorders. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Feb;70(2):295–301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borenstein DG, Lacks S, Wiesel SW. Cyclobenzaprine and naproxen versus naproxen alone in the treatment of acute low back pain and muscle spasm. Clin Ther. 1990 Mar-Apr;12(2):125–131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamaty D, Valentine JL, Howard R, et al. The plasma endorphin, prostaglandin and catecholamine profile of patients with fibrositis treated with cyclobenzaprine and placebo: a 5-month study. J Rheumatol Suppl. 1989;19:164–168.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bjordal JM, Couppé C, Chow RT, et al. A systematic review of low level laser therapy with location-specific doses for pain from chronic joint disorders. Aust J Physiother. 2003;49(2):107–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirani AM, Gutknecht N, Taghizadeh M, et al. Low-level laser therapy and myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Sep;24(5):715–720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karu T. Laser biostimulation: a photobiological phenomenon. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1989 Aug;3(4):638–640.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ahrari F, Madani AS, Ghafouri ZS, et al. The efficacy of low-level laser therapy for the treatment of myogenous temporomandibular joint disorder. Lasers Med Sci. 2014 Mar;29(2):551–557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmos-Brito JA, de Menezes RF, Teixeira CE, et al. Evaluation of low-level laser therapy in patients with acute and chronic temporomandibular disorders. Lasers Med Sci. 2013 Jan;28(1):57–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venezian GC, Da Silva MA, Mazzetto RG, et al. Low level laser effects on pain to palpation and electromyographic activity in DTM patients: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. CRANIO. 2010 Apr;28(2):84–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD consortium network and orofacial pain special interest group. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2014 Winter;28(1):6–27. 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia RLA, Jick H. Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation associated with individual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Lancet. 1994;343:769–772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langman MJ, Weil J, Wainwright P, et al. Risks of bleeding peptic ulcer associated with individual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. Lancet. 1994 Apr 30;343(8905):1075–1078.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Cunha LA, Firoozmand LM, Da Silva AP, et al. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder. Int Dent J. 2008;58:213–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll JD, Milward MR, Cooper PR, et al. Developments in low level light therapy (LLLT) for dentistry. Dent Mater. 2014 May;30(5):465–475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray RJ, Quayle AA, Hall CA, et al. Physiotherapy in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders: a comparative study of four treatment methods. Br Dent J. 1994 Apr 9;176(7):257–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakabayashi H, Hamba M, Matsumoto K, et al. Effect of irradiation by semiconductor laser on responses evoked in trigeminal caudal neurons by tooth pulp stimulation. Lasers Surg Med. 1993;13(6):605–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labajos M. B endorphin levels modification after GaAs and HeNe laser irradiation on the rabbit. Comparative study. Invest clinlaser. 1998;1–2:6–8.
   Google Scholar
• Mrowiec J, Sieron A, Plech A, et al. Analgesic effect of low-power infrared laser irradiation in rats. Proc SPIE. 1997;3198:83–89.
   Google Scholar
• Mizokami T, Aoki K, Iwabuchi S, et al. Laser therapy (low reactive level laser therapy) – a clinical study: relationship between pain attenuation and the serotonergic mechanism. Laser Ther. 1993;5(4):165–168.
   Google Scholar
• Montesinos M. Experimental effects of low power laser in encephalin and endorphin synsthesis. Laser. 1988;1(3):3–27.
   Google Scholar
• Venancio RA, Camparis CM, Lizarelli RF. Low intensity laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders: a double-blind study. J Oral Rehabil. 2005;32:800–807.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emshoff R, Bösch R, Pümpel E, et al. Low-level laser therapy for treatment of temporomandibular joint pain: a double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;105:452–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taguchi T, Kurokawa Y, Ohara I, et al. Thermographic changes following laser irradiation in pain relief. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1991;9(2):143.
   Google Scholar
• Mester E. Biostimulating effect of laser beams. Z Exp Chi. 1982;15(2):67–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lemos GA, Rissi R, De Souza Pires IL, et al. Low-level laser therapy stimulates tissue repair and reduces the extracellular matrix degradation in rats with induced arthritis in the temporomandibular joint. Lasers Med Sci. 2016 Aug;31(6):1051–1059.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado BC, Mazzetto MO, Da Silva MA, et al. Effects of oral motor exercises and laser therapy on chronic temporomandibular disorders: a randomized study with follow-up. Lasers Med Sci. 2016 Jul;31(5):945–954.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maia ML, Bonjardim LR, Quintans J, et al. Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain levels in patients with temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review. J Appl Oral Sci. 2012;20(6):509–602.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayed N, Murugavel C, Gnanam A. Management of temporomandibular disorders with low level laser therapy. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2014 Dec;13(4):444–450.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodrigues JH, Marques MM, Biasotto-Gonzalez DA, et al. Evaluation of pain, jaw movements, and psychosocial factors in elderly individuals with temporomandibular disorder under laser phototherapy. Lasers Med Sci. 2015 Apr;30(3):953–959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Huang Z, Ge M, et al. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of TMDs: a meta-analysis of 14 randomised controlled trials. J Oral Rehabil. 2015 Apr;42(4):291–299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang WD, Lee CL, Lin HY, et al. A meta-analysis of clinical effects of low-level laser therapy on temporomandibular joint pain. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014 Aug;26(8):1297–1300.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cetiner S, Kahraman SA, Yücetaş S. Evaluation of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24:637–641.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazzetto MO, Carrasco TG, Bidinelo EF, et al. Low intensity laser application in temporomandibular disorders: a phase I double-blind study. CRANIO. 2007 July;25(3):186–192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fikácková H, Dostálová T, Navrátil L, et al. Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in temporomandibular joint disorders: a placebo-controlled study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2007;25:297–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nunez SC, Garcez AS, Suzuki SS, et al. Management of mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders through low-level laser therapy and transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24:45–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Medeiros JS, Vieira GF, Nishimura PY. Laser application effects on the bite strength of the masseter muscle, as an orofacial pain treatment. Photomed Laser Surg. 2005;23:373–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsoulis J, Ausfeld-Hafter B, Windecker-Getaz I, et al. Laser acupuncture for myofascial pain of the masticatory muscles. A controlled pilot study. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2010;120:213–225.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kato MT, Kogawa EM, Santos CN, et al. TENS and low-level laser therapy in the management of temporomandibular disorders. J Appl Oral Sci. 2006;14:130–135.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carvalho CM, de Lacerda JA, Dos Santos Neto FP, et al. Wavelength effect in temporomandibular joint pain: a clinical experience. Lasers Med Sci. 2010;25:229–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brosseau L, Gam A, Harman K, et al. Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 1998;4. Art. No.: CD002049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marini I, Gatto MR, Bonetti GA. Effects of superpulsed low-level laser therapy on temporomandibular joint pain. Clin J Pain. 2010 Sep;26(7):611–616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enwemeka CS. The Relevance of accurate comprehensive treatment parameters in photobiomodulation. Photomed Laser Surg. 2011 Dec;29(12):783–784.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar