Gender differences in the construction and experience of cancer care: The consequences of the gendered positioning of carers

References

• Allen , SM . 1994 . Gender differences in spousal caregiving and unmet need for care . Journal of Gerontology , 49 : S187 – S195 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Allen , SM , Goldscheider , F and Ciambrone , DH . 1999 . Gender roles, marital intimacy, and nomination of spouse as primary caregiver . Gerontologist , 39 : 150 – 158 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aranda , SK and Hayman-White , K . 2001 . Home caregivers of the person with advanced cancer: An Australian perspective . Cancer Nursing , 24 : 300 – 307 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhaskar , R . 1989 . Reclaiming reality: A critical introduction to contemporary philosophy , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Bookwala , J and Schulz , R . 2000 . A comparison of primary stressors, secondary stressors and depressive symptoms between elderly caregivers’ husbands and wives: The caregivers’ health effects study . Psychology and Aging , 15 : 607 – 616 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley , VL . 2000 . Coping, perceived burden, and the burnout syndrome in caregivers to people with cancer . Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering , 61 : 2747
   Google Scholar
• Calasanti , T and Bowen , ME . 2006 . Spousal caregiving and crossing gender boundaries: Maintaining gender identities . Journal of Aging Studies , 20 : 253 – 263 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , PA . 2003 . Family caregivers’ sleep loss and depression over time . Cancer Nursing , 26 : 253 – 259 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins , C and Jones , R . 1997 . Emotional distress and morbidity in dementia carers: A matched comparison of husbands and wives . International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 12 : 1168 – 1173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , B and Harre , R . 1990 . Positioning: The discursive production of selves . Journal of the Theory of Social Behaviour , 20 : 43 – 65 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duarte , LM and Thompson , JM . 1999 . Sex-differences in self-silencing . Psychological Reports , 85 : 145 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncombe , J and Marsden , D . 1998 . “ Stepford wives and hollow men? Doing emotion work, doing gender and authenticity in heterosexual relationships ” . In Emotions in Social Life: Critical Themes and Contemporary Issues , Edited by: Bendelow , G and Williams , S . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Fallowfield , L and Jenkins , V . 1999 . Effective communication skills are a key to good cancer care . European Journal of Cancer Care , 35 : 1592 – 1597 .
   Google Scholar
• Felsten , G . 1998 . Gender and coping: Use of distinct strategies and associations with stress and depression . Anxiety, Stress and Coping , 11 : 289 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forssen , ASK , Carlstedt , G and Mortberg , CM . 2005 . Compulsive sensitivity–a consequence of caring: A qualitative investigation into women carer's difficulties in limiting their labours . Health Care for Women International , 26 : 652 – 671 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Foucault , M . 1979 . Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison , London : Penguin .
   Google Scholar
• Hagedoorn , M , Sanderman , R , Buunk , BP and Wobbes , T . 2002 . Failing in spousal caregiving: The ‘identity-relevant’ stress hypothesis to explain sex differences in caregiver distress . British Journal of Health Psychology , 7 : 481 – 194 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hagedoorn , M , Buunk , B , Kuijer , R , Wobbes , T and Sanderman , R . 2000 . Couples dealing with cancer: Role and gender differences regarding psychological distress and quality of life . Psycho-Oncology , 9 : 232 – 242 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haley , WE , LaMonde , LA , Han , B , Narramore , S and Schonwetter , R . 2001 . Family Caregivers in Hospice: Effects on Psychological and Health Functioning among Spousal Caregivers of Hospice Patients with Lung Cancer or Dementia . Hospice Journal , 15 : 1 – 8 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harre , R and van Langenhov , L . 1999 . Positioning theory , London : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Jack , DC . 1987 . “ Silencing the self: The power of social imperatives in women's depression ” . In Women and depression: A lifespan perspective , Edited by: Formanek , R and Gurian , A . 161 – 181 . New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Jack , DC . 1991 . Silencing the self: Women and depression , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lethborg , CE , Kissane , D and Burns , WI . 2003 . ‘Its not the easy part’: The experience of significant others of women with early stage breast cancer at treatment completion . Social Work in Health Care , 37 : 63 – 85 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutsky , SM and Knight , BG . 1994 . Explaining gender differences in caregiving distress: The roles of emotional attentiveness and coping styles . Psychology and Aging , 9 : 513 – 519 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews , AB . 2003 . Role and gender differences in cancer-related distress: A comparison of survivor and caregivers’ self-reports . Oncology Nursing Forum , 30 : 493 – 499 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matthews , BA , Baker , F and Spikers , RL . 2003 . Family caregivers and indicators of cancer-related distress . Psychology, Health and Medicine , 8 : 52 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Miles , MB and Huberman , AM . 1994 . Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook , Thousand Oaks, CA, , US : Sage Publications Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , B and Cafasso , L . 1992 . Gender differences in caregiving: Fact or artifact? . Gerontologist , 32 : 498 – 507 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navaie-Waliser , PH , Spriggs , A and Feldman , H . 2002 . Informal caregivers: Differential experiences by gender . Medical Care , 40 : 1249 – 1259 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijboer , C , Triemstra , M , Temperlaar , R , Sanderman , R and van den Bos , GAM . 1999 . Measuring both negative and positive reactions to giving care to cancer patients: Psychometric properties of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) . Social Science & Medicine , 48 : 1259 – 1269 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijboer , C , Templaar , R , Triemstra , M , Sanderman , R and van den Bos , GAM . 2001 . Dynamics in cancer caregiver's health over time: Gender-specific patterns and determinants . Psychology and Health , 16 : 471 – 488 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Grady , H . 2005 . Women's relationship with herself: Gender, foucault, therapy , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Payne , S , Smith , P and Dean , S . 1999 . Identifying the concerns of informal carers in palliative care . Palliative Medicine , 13 : 37 – 44 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilgrim , D and Rogers , A . 1997 . “ Mental health, critical realism and lay knowledge ” . In Body talk: The material and discursive regulation of sexuality, madness and reproduction , Edited by: Ussher , JM . 33 – 49 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Pitceathly , C and Maguire , P . 2003 . The psychological impact of cancer on patients’ partners and other key relatives: A review . European Journal of Cancer Care , 39 : 1517 – 1524 .
   Google Scholar
• Real , T . 1997 . I don’t want to talk about it: Overcoming the secret legacy of male depression , New York : Schulster .
   Google Scholar
• Rees , CE and Bath , PA . 2000 . The information needs and source preferences of women with breast cancer and their family members: A review of the literature published between 1988 and 1998 . Journal of Advanced Nursing , 31 : 833 – 841 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samms , MC . 1999 . The husband's untold account of his wife's breast cancer: A chronologic analysis . Oncology Nursing Forum , 26 : 1351 – 1358 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sayer , A . 2000 . Realism and social science , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Seigfried , CH . 1989 . “ Pragmatism, feminism and sensitivity to context ” . In Who Cares? Theory, research and educational implications of the ethic of care , Edited by: Brabeck , MM . 63 – 83 . New York : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Sirianni , C and Negrey , C . 2000 . Working time as gendered time . Feminist Economics , 6 : 59 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soothill , K , Morris , SM , Harman , JC , Francis , B , Thomas , C and McIllmurray , MB . 2001 . Informal carers of cancer patients: What are their unmet psychosocial needs? . Health and Social Care in the Community , 9 : 464 – 475 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soothill , K , Morris , SM , Thomas , C , Harman , JC , Francis , B and McIllmurray , MB . 2003 . The universal, situational, and personal needs of cancer patients and their main carers . European Journal of Oncology Nursing , 7 : 5 – 16 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stenner , P . 1993 . “ Discoursing jealousy ” . In Discourse analytic research , Edited by: Burman , E and Parker , I . 114 – 134 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Strickling , BL . 1988 . “ Self-abnegation ” . In Feminist perspectives: Philosophical essays on method and morals , Edited by: Code , L , Mullett , S and Overall , C . 190 – 201 . Toronto : University of Toronto Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , C and Morris , SM . 2002 . Informal carers in cancer contexts . European Journal of Cancer Care , 11 : 178 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas , C , Morris , SM and Harman , JC . 2002 . Companions through cancer: The care given by informal carers in cancer contexts . Social Science Medicine , 54 : 529 – 544 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twigg , J and Atkin , K . 1994 . Carers perceived: Policy and practice in informal care , Buckingham : Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ussher , JM . 2004 . Premenstrual syndrome and self-policing: Ruptures in self-silencing leading to increased self-surveillance and blaming of the body . Social Theory & Health , 2 : 254 – 272 .
   Google Scholar
• Ussher , JM . 2006 . Managing the monstrous feminine: Regulating the reproductive body , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Ussher , JM , Kirsten , L , Butow , P and Sandoval , M . 2006 . What do cancer support groups provide which other supportive relationships do not? The experience of peer support groups for people with cancer . Social Science & Medicine , 62 : 2565 – 2576 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wuest , J . 1997 . Fraying connections of caring women: An exemplar of including difference in the development of explanatory frameworks . Canadian Journal of Nursing Research , 29 : 99 – 116 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wuest , J . 2001 . Precarious ordering: Toward a formal theory of women's caring . Health Care for Women International , 22 : 167 – 193 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yee , JL and Schulz , R . 2000 . Gender differences in psychiatric morbidity among family caregivers: A review and analysis . The Gerontologist , 40 : 147 – 164 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youngmee , K , Loscalzo , MJ , Wellisch , DK and Spillers , RL . 2006 . Gender differences in caregiving stress among caregivers of cancer survivors . Psycho-Oncology , 15 : 1086 – 1092 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zigmond , AS and Snaith , RP . 1983 . The hospital anxiety and depression scale . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 67 : 361 – 370 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar