The interpretation of change in verbal reports: Implications for health psychology

References

• Ahmavaara , Y. 1954 . Transformation analysis of factor data. . Annals of the Academy of Science Fennicace, Series B. , 881 ( 2 ) : 54 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , L. A. , DeVellis , R. F. , Sharpe , P. A. and Marcoux , B. 1994 . Multidimensional health locus of control scales: do they measure expectancies about control or desires for control? . Health Education Research , 9 : 145 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armenakis , A. 1988 . A review of research on the change typology. . Research in Organizational Change and Development , 2 : 163 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Armenakis , A. , Buckley , M. and Bedeian , A. 1986 . Survey research measurement issues in evaluating change: A laboratory investigation. . Applied Psychological Measurement , 10 : 147 – 157 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armenakis , A. , Feild , H. M. and Wilmoth , J. 1977 . An algorithm for assessing factor structure congruence. . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 37 : 213 – 214 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armenakis , A. , Randolph , W. and Bedeian , A. 1982 . “ A comparison of two methods for evaluating the similarity of factor analytic solutions ” . In Proceedings of the Southwest Academy of Management Meeting. 138 – 142 . Dallas, TX March 17-22,-
   Google Scholar
• Blaxter , M. 1985 . Self-definition of health status and consulting rates in primary care. . Quarterly Journal of Social Affairs , 1 : 131 – 171 .
   Google Scholar
• Buckley , M. and Armenakis , A. 1987 . Detecting scale recalibration in survey research: A laboratory investigation. . Group and Organization Studies , 12 : 464 – 481 .
   Google Scholar
• Calnan , M. 1985 . Patterns in preventive behaviour: a study of women in middle age. . Social Science and Medicine , 20 : 263 – 268 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook , T. D. and Campbell , D. T. 1979 . Quasi Experimentation: Design and Analysis Issues for Field Studies. Chicago : Rand McNally .
   Google Scholar
• Coons , S. , McGhan , W. F. , Bootman , J. L. and Larson , L. N. 1989 . The effect of self-care information on health-related attitudes and beliefs of college students. . Journal of American College Health , 38 : 121 – 124 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ericsson , K. A. and Simon , H. A. 1984 . Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data. Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Garrow , J. S. 1988 . Obesity and Related Diseases. Edinburgh : Churchill Livingstone .
   Google Scholar
• Golembiewski , R. T. 1986 . Contours in social change: Elemental graphics and a surrogate variable for gamma change. . Academy of Management Review , 11 : 550 – 566 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golembiewski , R. T. and Billingsley , K. 1980 . Measuring change in OD panel designs: a response to critics. . Academy of Management Review , 5 : 97 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Golembiewski , R. T. , Billingsley , K. and Yeager , S. 1976 . Measuring change and persistence in human affairs: Types of change generated by OD designs. . Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. , 12 : 133 – 157 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granier , M. 1987 . A laboratory investigation of ideal and typical scales in detecting simulated scale recalibration in survey research methodology. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
   Google Scholar
• Green , G. and Wright , J. 1979 . The retrospective approach to collecting baseline data. . Social Work Research and Abstracts , 15 : 25 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Haynes , R. B. , Taylor , D. W. and Sackett , D. L. 1979 . Compliance in Health Care. Baltimore : John Hopkins .
   Google Scholar
• Henwood , K. L. and Pidgeon , N. F. 1992 . Qualitative research and psychological theorizing. . British Journal of Psychology , 83 : 97 – 111 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffart , A. and Matinson , E. W. 1990 . Exposure-based integrated vs. pure psychodynamic treatment of agoraphobic inpatients. . Psychotherapy , 27 : 210 – 218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard , G. S. and Dailey , P. 1979 . Response-shift bias: A source of contamination of self-report measures. . Journal of Applied Psychology , 64 : 144 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard , G. S. , Millham , J. , Slaten , S. and O'Donnell , L. 1979 . Pre-response style bias: A problem in measuring pre/post change with self-reports Unpublished paper. Department of Psychology, University of Houston.
   Google Scholar
• Howard , G. S. , Ralph , K. M. , Gulanick , N. A. , Maxwell , S. E. , Nance , D. W. and Gerber , S. K. 1979 . Internal validity in pretest and posttest self-report evaluations and a re-evaluation of retrospective pretests. . Applied Psychological Measurement , 3 : 1 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Johns , G. 1981 . Difference scores measures of organizational behavior variables: A critique. . Organizational Behavior and Human Performance , 27 : 443 – 463 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joreskog , K. and Sorbom , D. 1981 . LISREL V: Analysis of linear structural relationships by maximum likelihood and least squares methods. Uppsala, Sweden : University of Uppsala, Department of Statistics .
   Google Scholar
• Konefal , J. , Duncan , R. C. and Reese , M. A. 1992 . Neurolinguistic programming training, trait anxiety and locus of control. . Psychological Reports , 70 : 819 – 832 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korth , B. and Tucker , L. 1975 . The distribution of chance congruence coefficients from simulated data. . Psychometrika , 40 : 361 – 372 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krippendorf , K. 1980 . Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology. London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Kristiansen , C. M. 1985 . Value correlates of preventive behaviour. . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 49 : 748 – 758 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langlie , J. K. 1977 . Social networks, health beliefs and preventive health behavior. . Journal of Health and Social Behavior , 18 : 244 – 260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lau , R. R. and Ware , J. F. 1981 . Refinements in the measurement of health-specific locus-of-control beliefs. . Medical Care , 19 : 1147 – 1157 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindell , M. K. and Drexler , J. A. JR. 1979 . Issues in using survey methods for measuring organizational change. . Academy of Management Review , 4 : 13 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Lindell , M. K. and Drexler , J. A. JR. 1980 . Equivocality of factor incongruence as an indicator of type of change in OD intervention. . Academy of Management Review , 5 : 105 – 107 .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , G. N. 1991 . A multidimensional analysis of internal health locus of control beliefs: Separating the wheat from the chaff? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. , 61 : 483 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millsap , R. E. and Hartog , S. B. 1988 . Alpha, beta and gamma change in evaluation research: A structural equation approach. . Journal of Applied Psychology , 73 : 574 – 584 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norman , P. and Comer , M. 1992 . Health checks in general practice: The patient's response. . Family Practice , 9 : 481 – 487 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norman , P. , Davids , K. and Smith , L. 1991 . “When an ounce is worth a pound”: alpha, beta and gamma change in health promotion initiatives . Journal of the Institute of Health Education. , 29 : 27 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Overall , J. and Woodward , J. 1975 . Unreliability of difference scores: A paradox for the measurement of change. . Psychological Bulletin , 82 : 85 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker , S. K. , Jackson , P. R. and Wall , T. D. 1993 . “ Autonomous group working within integrated manufacturing: A longitudinal investigation of employee role orientations ” . In Human/Computer Interaction: Applications and Case Studies. Edited by: Smith , M. J. and Salvendy , G. 44 – 49 . London : Elsevier . (pgs.)In (eds)
   Google Scholar
• Porras , J. and Singh , J. 1986 . Alpha, beta and gamma change in modelling-based organization development. . Journal of Occupational Behaviour , 7 : 9 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Randolph , W. A. and Elloy , D. F. 1989 . How can OD consultants and researchers assess gamma change? A comparison of two analytic procedures. . Journal of Management , 15 : 633 – 648 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rippey , R. , Geller , L. and King , D. 1978 . Retrospective pretesting in the cognitive domain. . Evaluation Quarterly , 2 : 481 – 491 .
   Google Scholar
• Rotter , J. B. 1966 . Generalized expectancies for internal and external control of reinforcement. . Psychological Monographs: General and Applied , 80 ( whole no. 609 ) : 1 – 28 . ().-
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmitt , N. 1982 . The use of analysis of covariance structures to assess beta and gamma change. . Multivariate Behavioral Research. , 17 : 343 – 358 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt , N. , Pulakos , E. and Lieblein , A. 1984 . Comparison of three techniques to assess group-level beta and gamma change. . Applied Psychological Measurement , 8 : 249 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terborg , J. , Howard , G. S. and Maxwell , S. 1980 . Evaluating planned organizational change: a method for assessing alpha, beta and gamma change. . Academy of Management Review , 5 : 109 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Terborg , J. , Maxwell , S. and Howard , G. S. 1982 . On the measurement and control of beta change: Problems with the Bedeian. Armenakis and Gibson technique. . Academy of Management Review , 7 : 292 – 295 .
   Google Scholar
• van de Vliett , E. , Huismans , S. and Stok , J. 1985 . The criterion approach to unravelling beta and alpha change. . Academy of Management Review , 10 : 269 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallston , K. A. and Wallston , B. S. 1981 . “ Health locus of control scales ” . In Research with the locus of control construct Edited by: Lefcourt , H. M. Vol. 1 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Zmud , R. W. and Armenakis , A. A. 1978 . Understanding the measurement of change. . Academy of Management Review , 3 : 661 – 669 .
   Google Scholar