Informal care in social context: A social psychological analysis of participation, impact and intervention in care of the elderly

References

• Albert , S. 1992 . Psychometric investigation of a belief system: caregiving to the chronically ill parent . Social Science and Medicine , 35 ( 5 ) : 699 – 709 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aneshensel , C. , Pearlin , L. and Schuler , R. 1993 . Stress, role captivity and the cessation of caregiving . Journal of Health and Social Behaviour , 34 : 54 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arber , S. and Gilbert , N. 1989 . Men: The forgotten carers . Sociology , 23 ( 1 ) : 111 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• Azjen , I. 1991 . The theory of planned behaviour . Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes , 50 : 179 – 211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baruch , G. and Barnett , R. 1983 . Adult daughters' relationships with their mothers . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 45 : 601 – 606 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brody , E. 1981 . Women in the middle and family help to older people . The Gerontologist , 21 ( 5 ) : 471 – 480 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgarten , M. 1989 . The health of persons giving care to the demented elderly; a critical review of the literature . Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , 42 ( 12 ) : 1137 – 1148 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burdz , M. , Eaton , W. and Bond , J. 1988 . Effect of respite care on dementia and nondementia patients and their caregivers . Psychology and Aging , 3 ( 1 ) : 38 – 42 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cantor , M. 1983 . Strain among caregivers: A study of experience in the United States . The Gerontologist , 23 ( 6 ) : 597 – 604 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cochrane , R. 1981 . The social creation of mental illness , London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , S. and Wills , T. 1985 . Stress, social support and the buffering hypothesis . Psychological Bulletin , 98 ( 2 ) : 310 – 357 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , H. 1989 . Integrating research: A guide for literature reviews , 2nd Edn , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Dalley , G. 1988 . Ideologies of caring , Basingstoke : MacMillan .
   Google Scholar
• Deutsch , F. , Lussier , J. and Servis , L. 1993 . Husbands at home: Predictors of paternal participation in childcare and housework . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 65 ( 6 ) : 1154 – 1166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DHSS . 1981 . Growing Older: Cmnd 8173 , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• Duff , R. and Hong , L. 1982 . Quality and quantity of social interactions in the life satisfaction of older Americans . Sociology and Social Research , 66 : 418 – 433 .
   Google Scholar
• Dunbar , M. , Alder , E. , Evans , P. and Holmes , M. Dementia seventy and its relationship to psychological wellbeing: A meta analysis. Paper presented to the annual conference of the Health Psychology Section of the British Psychological Society, St. Andrews, Scotland. September, 1992. (M. Dunbar is now at the MRC Medical Sociology Unit, Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow, Scotland)
   Google Scholar
• Eagles , J. , Craig , F. , Rawlinson , F. , Restall , J. , Beattie , J. and Besson , J. 1987 . The psychological wellbeing of supporters of the demented elderly . British Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 293 – 298 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly , A. 1987 . Sex differences in social behaviour: A social role interpretation , Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• EOC . 1980 . The experience of caring for elderly and handicapped dependents , EOC .
   Google Scholar
• Fadden , G. , Bebbington , P. and Kuipers , L. 1987 . The burden of care: The impact of functional psychiatric illness on the patients' family . British Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 185 – 192 .
   Google Scholar
• Faludi , S. 1992 . Backlash , London : Chatto and Windus .
   Google Scholar
• Finch , J. and Groves , D. 1983 . A Labour of Love , London : Routledge and Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Gilhooly , M. 1984 . The impact of care-giving on care-givers: Factors associated with the psychological wellbeing of people supporting a dementing relative in the community . British Journal of Medical Psychology , 57 : 34 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilhooly , M. 1986 . Senile dementia: Factors associated with care-givers preference for institutional care . British Journal of Medical Psychology , 56 : 165 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilhooly , M. , Sweeting , H. , Whittick , J. and McKee , K. 1994 . Family care of the dementing elderly . Internatinal Review of Psychiatry , 6 ( 1 ) : 29 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Gilleard , C. , Belfod , H. , Gilleard , E. , Whittick , J. and Gledhill , K. 1984 . Emotional distress amongst the supporters of the elderly mentally infirm . British Journal of Psychiatry , 145 : 172 – 177 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham , H. 1983 . “ Caring; a labour of love ” . In A Lubour of Love , Edited by: Finch , J. and Goves , D. London : Routledg and Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Greene , J. , Smith , R. , Gardiner , M. and Timbury , G. 1982 . Measuring behavioural disturbance of elderly demented patients in the community and its effects on relatives; a factor analytic study . Age and Aging , 11 : 121 – 126 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grundy , E. 1987 . Community care for the elderly 1976–84 . British Medical Journal , 294 : 626 – 629 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haley , W. and Pardo , K. 1989 . Relationship of severity of dementia to caregiving stressors . Psychology and Aging , 4 : 389 – 392 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes , T. and Rahe , R. 1967 . The social readjustment rating scale . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 11 : 213 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell , D. C. 1987 . Statistical Methods for Psychology , 2nd Edition , Boston : Duxbury Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , D and Vetter , N. 1984 . A survey of those who care for the elderly at home: Their problems and their needs . Social Science and Medicine , 19 ( 5 ) : 511 – 514 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josephs , R. , Markus , H. and Tafarodi , R. 1992 . Gender and self-esteem . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 63 ( 3 ) : 391 – 402 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn , R. , Alvin , L. , Goldfarb , L. , Pollack , M. and Peck , A. 1960 . Brief objective measures for the determination of mental status in the aged . American Journal of Psychiatry , 117 : 326 – 328 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz , S. , Downs , T. , Cash , H. and Grotz , R. 1970 . Progress in the development of the index of ADL . The Gerontologist , 10 : 20 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight , B. , Lutzky , S. and Macofsky-Urban , F. 1993 . A meta-analytic review of interventions for caregiver distress: Recommendations for future research . The Gerontologist , 33 ( 2 ) : 240 – 248 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawton , M. 1971 . The functional assesment of elderly people . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , XX : 465 – 481 .
   Google Scholar
• Lawton , M. , Kleban , M. , Moss , M. , Rovine , M. and Glicksman , A. 1989 . Measuring caregiving appraisal . Journal of Gerrontology , 44 ( 3 ) : 61 – 77 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lazarus , R. and Folkman , S. 1984 . Stress. appraisal and coping , New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , J. 1986 . Toward a new psychology of women , 2nd Edition , Boston : Beacon Press .
   Google Scholar
• McGuire , W. and McGuire , C. 1988 . Content and process in the experience of self . Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , 21 : 97 – 144 .
   Google Scholar
• McFall , S. and Miller , B. 1992 . Caregiver burden and nursing home admission of frail elderly persons . Journal of Gerontology , 47 ( 2 ) : S73 – 79 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montgomery , R. , Gonyea , J. and Hooyman , N. 1985 . Caregiving-the experience of subjective and objective burden . Family Relations , 34 : 19 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , R. , Morris , L. and Britton , P. 1988 . Factors affecting the emotional wellbeing of caregivers of dementia sufferers . British Journal of Psychiatry , 153 : 147 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , R. , Woods , R. , Davies , K. and Morris , L. 1991 . Gender differences in carers of dementia sufferers . British Journal of Psychiatry , 158 : 69 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Moritz , D. , Kasl , S. and Berkman , L. 1989 . The health impact of living with a cognitively impaired elderly spouse: Depressive symptoms and social functioning . Journal of Gerontology , 44 ( 1 ) : S17 – 27 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morycz , R. 1985 . Caregiving strain and the desire to institutionalize family members with Alzheimer's disease . Research on Aging , 7 ( 3 ) : 329 – 361 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nissel , M. and Bonnerjea , L. 1982 . Family care of the handicapped elderly: Who pays? , London : Policy Studies Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Novak , M. and Guest , C. 1989 . Application of a multidimensional caregiver burden inventory . The Gerontologist , 29 ( 6 ) : 798 – 803 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connor , D. , Pollitt , P. , Roth , M. , Brook , C. and Reiss , B. 1990 . Problems reported by relatives in a community study of dementia . British Journal of Psychiatry , 156 : 835 – 841 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OPCS . 1982 . General Household Survey 1980 , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• Orbell , S. and Gillies , B. 1993 . What's stressful about caring? . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 23 ( 4 ) : 272 – 290 .
   Google Scholar
• Orbell , S. , Gillies , G. and Hopkins , N. 1992 . A survey of people providing care to an elderly person in Dundee , Scotland : Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Dundee . Duplicated Report
   Google Scholar
• Orbell , S. , Hopkins , N. and Gillies , B. 1993 . Measuring the impact of informal caring . Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology , 3 : 149 – 163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orbell , S. and Hopkins , N. 1993 . (a)) Integrating sociological and psychological accounts of informal caring . Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology , 5 : 231 – 238 .
   Google Scholar
• Orbell , S. and Hopkins , N. 1993 . (b)) Conceptual issues in the measurement of caring . Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology , 5 : 240 – 241 .
   Google Scholar
• Parker , G. 1989 . Unending work and care . Work. employment and society , 3 ( 4 ) : 541 – 555 .
   Google Scholar
• Pfeiffer , E. 1975 . A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients . Journal of the American Geriatric , 23 : 433 – 441 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poulshock , W. and Deimling , G. 1984 . Families caring for elders in resience: Issues in the measurment of burden . Journal of Gerontology , 39 ( 2 ) : 230 – 239 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruchno , R. and Resch , N. 1989 . Husbands and wives as caregivers; antecedants of depression and burden . The Gerontologist , 29 ( 6 ) : 159 – 165 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Qureshi , H. and Walker , A. 1989 . The Caring Relationship , Basingstoke : MacMillan .
   Google Scholar
• Reisberg , B. 1983 . “ Clinical presentation, diagnosis and symptomatology of age-associated cognitive decline and Alzheimers disease ” . Edited by: Reisberg , B. Alzheimers disease: The standard reference
   Google Scholar
• Robinson , B. 1983 . Validation of a caregiver strain index . Journal of Gerontology , 38 ( 3 ) : 344 – 348 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scharlach , A. 1987 . Relieving feelings of strain among women with elderly mothers . Psychology and Aging , 2 ( 1 ) : 9 – 13 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz , R. and Williamson , G. 1991 . A 2-year longitudinal study of depression among Alzheimer's caregivers . Psychology and Aging , 6 ( 4 ) : 569 – 578 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheeran , P. and Orbell , S. Edited by: Abraham , C. and Hampson , S. (in press) How confidently can we infer cognitions from questionnaire responses? Psychology and Health (Special issue on Variability in verbal responses
   Google Scholar
• Stephens , M. , Franks , M. and Townsend , A. 1994 . Stress and rewards in women's multiple roles: The case of women in the middle . Psychology and Aging , 9 ( 1 ) : 45 – 52 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoller , E and Pugliesi , K. 1989 . Size and effectiveness of informal helping networks: A panel study of older people in the community . Journal of Health and Social Behaviour , 32 : 180 – 191 .
   Google Scholar
• Stone , R. , Cafferata , G and Sangl , J. 1987 . Caregivers of the frail elderly: A national profile . The Gerontologist , 27 ( 5 ) : 616 – 626 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tennstedt , S. M , Kinlay , J. and Sullivan , L. 1989 . Informal care for frail elders: The role of secondary caregivers . The Gerontologist , 29 ( 5 ) : 677 – 693 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend , A. , Noelker , L. and Deimling , G. Bass. 1989 . Longitudinal impact of interhousehold caregiving on adult children's mental health . Psychology and Aging , 4 : 393 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ungerson , C. 1983 . “ Why do women care? ” . In A Labour of Love , Edited by: Finch , J. and Groves , D . London : Routledge and Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Ungerson , C. 1993 . Measuring the impact of informal caring by S. Orbell . Commentary Journal of Comunity and Applied Social Psychology , 3 : 165 – 168 .
   Google Scholar
• Vitaliano , P. , Russon , J. , Young , H. , Teri , L. and Maiuro , R. 1991 . (a)Predictors of burden in spouse caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease . Psychology and Aging , 6 ( 3 ) : 392 – 402 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitaliano , P. , Young , H. and Russo , J. 1991 . Burden: A reivew of measures used among caregivers of individuals with dementia . The Gerontologist , 31 ( 1 ) : 67 – 75 . (b)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warnes , A. 1991 . The changing elderly population: aspects of diversity . Reviews in Clinical Gerontology , 1 : 185 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Young , R. and Kahana , E. 1989 . Specifying caregiver outcomes: Gender and relationship aspects of caregiving strain . The Gerontologist , 29 ( 5 ) : 660 – 666 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarit , S. , Reever , K. and Bach-Peterson , J. 1980 . Relatives of the impaired elderly; correlates of feelings of burden . The Gerontologist , 20 ( 6 ) : 649 – 655 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarit , S. , Todd , P. and Zarit , J. 1986 . Subjective burden of husbands and wives as caregivers; a longitudinal study . The Gerontologist , 26 ( 3 ) : 260 – 266 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarit , S. , Anthony , C. and Boutselis , M. 1987 . Interventions with care givers of dementia patients: Comparisons of two approaches . Psychology and Aging , 2 ( 3 ) : 225 – 232 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar