ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA WITH PRIMARY INVOLVEMENT OF SKELETAL MUSCLE: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature

REFERENCES

• Stein H, Mason D Y, Gerdes J, et al. The expression of the Hodgkin's disease associated antigen Ki-1 in reactive and neoplastic lymphoid tissue: Evidence that Reed-Sternberg cells and histiocytic malignancies are derived from activated lymphoid cells. Blood 1985; 66: 848–858
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medeiros L J, Elenitoba-Johnson K S. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127: 707–722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glass A G, Karnell L H, Menck H R. The National Cancer Data Base report on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer 1997; 80: 2311–2320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keung Y K, Liang R. Report of a case of primary skeletal muscle lymphoma and review of the literature. Acta Haematol 1996; 96: 184–186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delsol G RE, Stein H, . Anaplastic large cell lymphoma. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, E S Jaffe, N L Harris, H Stein, et al. IARC Press, Lyon 2001; 230–235
   Google Scholar
• Stein H, Foss H D, Durkop H, et al. CD30(+) anaplastic large cell lymphoma: A review of its histopathologic, genetic, and clinical features. Blood 2000; 96: 3681–3695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falini B. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Pathological, molecular and clinical features. Br J Haematol 2001; 114: 741–760
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen E. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, T-/null-cell type. Oncologist 2006; 11: 831–840
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin H M, Lai R. Pathobiology of ALK+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Blood 2007; 110: 2259–2267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosso R, Paulli M, Magrini U, et al. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, CD30/Ki-1 positive, expressing the CD15/Leu-M1 antigen: Immunohistochemical and morphological relationships to Hodgkin's disease. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 1990; 416: 229–235
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tamaru J, Tokuhira M, Nittsu N, et al. Hodgkin-like anaplastic large cell lymphoma (previously designated in the REAL classification) has same immunophenotypic features to classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2007; 48: 1127–1138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juco J, Holden J T, Mann K P, Kelley L G, Li S. Immunophenotypic analysis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma by flow cytometry. Am J Clin Pathol 2003; 119: 205–212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiarle R, Podda A, Prolla G, Gong J, Thorbecke G J, Inghirami G. CD30 in normal and neoplastic cells. Clin Immunol 1999; 90: 157–164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffe E S, Krenacs L, Raffeld M. Classification of cytotoxic T-cell and natural killer cell lymphomas. Semin Hematol 2003; 40: 175–184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foss H D, Anagnostopoulos I, Araujo I, et al. Anaplastic large-cell lymphomas of T-cell and null-cell phenotype express cytotoxic molecules. Blood 1996; 88: 4005–4011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ten Berge R L, Snijdewint F G, von Mensdorff-Pouilly S, et al. MUC1 (EMA) is preferentially expressed by ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma, in the normally glycosylated or only partly hypoglycosylated form. J Clin Pathol 2001; 54: 933–939
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzukawa K, Kojima H, Mori N, et al. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma of null-cell type with multiple bone involvement. Ann Hematol 1998; 77: 287–290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downing J R, Shurtleff S A, Zielenska M, et al. Molecular detection of the (2;5) translocation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Blood 1995; 85: 3416–3422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drexler H G, Gignac S M, von Wasielewski R, Werner M, Dirks W G. Pathobiology of NPM-ALK and variant fusion genes in anaplastic large cell lymphoma and other lymphomas. Leukemia 2000; 14: 1533–1559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duyster J, Bai R Y, Morris S W. Translocations involving anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). Oncogene 2001; 20(40)5623–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han Y, Amin H M, Franko B, Frantz C, Shi X, Lai R. Loss of SHP1 enhances JAK3/STAT3 signaling and decreases proteosome degradation of JAK3 and NPM-ALK in ALK +anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Blood 2006; 108: 2796–2803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai R, Rassidakis G Z, Medeiros L J, et al. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 activation contributes to high tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Am J Pathol 2004; 164: 2251–2258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner S D, Yeung D, Hadfield K, Cook S J, Alexander D R. The NPM-ALK tyrosine kinase mimics TCR signalling pathways, inducing NFAT and AP-1 by RAS-dependent mechanisms. Cell Signal 2007; 19: 740–747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin H M, Medeiros L J, Ma Y, et al. Inhibition of JAK3 induces apoptosis and decreases anaplastic lymphoma kinase activity in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Oncogene 2003; 22: 5399–5407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vega F, Medeiros L J, Leventaki V, et al. Activation of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway contributes to tumor cell survival in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 6589–6597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voena C, Conte C, Ambrogio C, et al. The tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 interacts with NPM-ALK and regulates anaplastic lymphoma cell growth and migration. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 4278–4286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamo A, Chiarle R, Piva R, et al. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) activates Stat3 and protects hematopoietic cells from cell death. Oncogene 2002; 21: 1038–1047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leventaki V, Drakos E, Medeiros L J, et al. NPM-ALK oncogenic kinase promotes cell-cycle progression through activation of JNK/cJun signaling in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Blood 2007; 110: 1621–1630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szomor A, Zenou P, Roda D, et al. Genotypic analysis in primary systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2003; 9: 104–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadin M E, Carpenter C. Systemic and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Semin Hematol 2003; 40: 244–256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao W P, Dai M S, Hsu L F, Yao N S. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma primarily infiltrating femoral muscles. Ann Hematol 2005; 84: 764–766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii E, Honda K, Nakagawa A, Urago K, Oshima K. Primary CD30/Ki-1 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma of skeletal muscle with der(17)t(1;17)(q11;p11). Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2000; 122: 116–120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chim C S, Choy C, Liang R. Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of skeletal muscle presenting with compartment syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 1999; 33: 601–605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar