Incidence and characteristics of venous thrombotic events in pediatric cancer patients: A 20-year experience in the Maritimes, Canada

References

• Pui CH, Evans WE. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:605–615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez JA, Scully RE, Miller TL, Armstrong FD, Constine LS, Friedman DL, Lipshultz SE. Long-term effects of treatments for childhood cancers. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2007;19:23–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramirez LY, Huestis SE, Yi Yap T, Zyzanski S, Drotar D, Kodish E. Potential Chemotherapy Side Effects: What Do Oncologists Tell Parents? Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;52:497–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brien SH, Klima J, Termuhlen AM, Kelleher KJ. Venous thromboembolism and adolescent and young adult oncology inpatients in US children's hospitals, 2001 to 2008. J Pediatr. 2011;159:133–137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipay NV, Zmitrovich AI, Aleinikva OV. Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism in children with malignant diseases: a single-center study of the Belarusian Center for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology. Thromb Res. 2011;128:130–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athale U, Siciliano S, Thabane L, Pai N, Cox S, Lathia A, Armstrong A, Chan AK. Epidemiology and clinical risk factors predisposing to thromboembolism in children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2008;51:792–797.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raffini L, Huang YS, Witmer C, Feudtner C. Dramatic increase in venous thromboembolism in children's hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007. Pediatrics. 2009;124:1001–1008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrew M, David M, Adams M, Ali K, Anderson R, Barnard D, Bernstein M, Brisson L, Cairney B, DeSai D. Venous thromboembolic complications (VTE) in children: first analyses of the Canadian Registry of VTE. Blood. 1994;83:1251–1257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhle S, Koloshuk B, Marzinotto V, Bauman M, Massicotte P, Andrew M, Chan A, Abdolell M, Mitchell L. A cross-sectional study evaluating post-thrombotic syndrome in children. Thrombosis Res. 2003;111:227–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bajzar L, Chan AK, Massicotte MP, Mitchell LG. Thrombosis in children with malignancy. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2006;18:1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farinasso L, Bertorello N, Garbarini L, Gajno TM, Barisone E, Artesani L, Valori A, Giacchino M, Pastore G, Saracco P. Risk factors of central venous lines-related thrombosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during induction therapy: a prospective study. Leukemia. 2007;21:552–556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Journeycake JM, Buchanan GR. Catheter-related deep venous thrombosis and other catheter complications in children with cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4575–4580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell LG, Andrew M, Hanna K, Abshire T, Halton J, Anderson R, Cherrick I, Desai S, Mahoney D, McCuster P, Wu J, Dahl G, Chait P, de Veber G, Lee KJ, Mikulis D, Ginsberg J, Way C. A prospective cohort study determining the prevalence of thrombotic events in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a central venous line who are treated with L-asparaginase: results of the Prophylactic Antithrombin Replacement in Kids with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated with Asparaginase (PARKAA) Study. Cancer. 2003;97:508–516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell L, Andrew M, Hanna K, Abshire T, Halton J, Wu J, Anderson R, Cherrick I, Desai S, Mahoney D, McCusker P, Chait P, Abdolell M, de Veber G, Mikulis D. Trend to efficacy and safety using antithrombin concentrate in prevention of thrombosis in children receiving l-asparaginase for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results of the PAARKA study. Thromb Haemost. 2003;90:235–244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nowak-Göttl U, Wermes C, Junker R, Koch HG, Schobess R, Fleischhack G, Schwabe D, Ehrenforth S. Prospective evaluation of the thrombotic risk in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia carrying the MTHFR TT 677 genotype, the prothrombin G20210A variant, and further prothrombotic risk factors. Blood. 1999;93:1595–1599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruud E, Holmstrom H, Natvig S, Wesenberg F. Prevalence of thrombophilia and central venous catheter-associated neck vein thrombosis in 41 children with cancer—a prospective study. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2002;38:405–410.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tabori U, Beni-Adani L, Dvir R, Burstein Y, Feldman Z, Pessach I, Rechavi G, Constantini S, Toren A. Risk of venous thromboembolism in pediatric patients with brain tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2004;43:633–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoot RA, van de Wetering MD, Stijnen T, Tissing WJE, Michiels E, Abbink FCH, Raphael MF, Heij HA, Zwaan M, Lieverst JA, Caron HN, van Ommen H. Prevalence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Thrombosis in Pediatric Oncology Patients With Tunneled Central Venous Catheters. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016;63:1438–1444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell L, Lambers M, Flege S, Kenet G, Li-Thiao-Te V, Holzhauer S, Bidlingmaier C, Frühwald MC, Heller C, Schmidt W, Pautard B, Nowak-Göttl U. Validation of a predictive model for identifying an increased risk for thromboembolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of a multicenter cohort study. Blood. 2010;115:4999–5004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caruso V, Iacoviello L, Di Castelnuovo A, Storti S, Mariani G, de Gaetano G, Donati MB. Thrombotic complications in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a meta-analysis of 17 prospective studies comprising 1752 pediatric patients. Blood. 2006;108:2216–2222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni K, Halton J, Spavor M, Israels SJ, Abish S, Yong J, Yasui Y, Mitchell LG. Increased requirement for central venous catheter replacement in paediatric oncology patients with deep venous thrombosis: A multicentre study. Thrombosis Haemostasis. 2015;113:434–435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wermes C, von Depka Prondzinski M, Lichtinghagen R, Barthels M, Welte K, Sykora KW. Clinical relevance of genetic risk factors for thrombosis in paediatric oncology patients with central venous catheters. Eur J Pediatr. 1999;158 Suppl 3:S143–S146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nowak-Göttl U, Junker R, Kreuz W, von Eckardstein A, Kosch A, Nohe N, Schobess R, Ehrenforth S. Risk of recurrent venous thrombosis in children with combined prothrombotic risk factors. Blood. 2001;97:858–862.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Ommen CH, Heijboer H, Buller HR, Hirasing RA, Heijmans HS, Peters M. Venous thromboembolism in childhood: a prospective two-source registry in The Netherlands. J Pediatr. 2001;139:676–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massicotte MP, Dix D, Monagle P, Adams M, Andrew M. Central venous catheter related thrombosis in children:analysis of the Canadian registry of venous thromboembolic complications. J Pediatr. 1998;133:770–776.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaser DW, Medeiros D, Rollins N, Buchanan GR. Catheter-related thrombosis in children with cancer. J Pediatr. 2001;138:255–259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar