References
- Chapple A, Hassell K, Nicolson M, Cantrill J. ‘You don't really feel you can function normally’: women's perceptions and personal management of vaginal thrush. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2000; 18: 309–19
- Pirotta M, Gunn J, Chondros P. “Not thrush again!” Women's experience of post-antibiotic vulvovaginitis. Med J Aust 2003; 179: 43–6
- Okonofua FE, Ako-Nai KA, Dighitoghi MD. Lower genital tract infections in infertile Nigerian women compared with controls. Genitourin Med 1995; 71: 163–8
- Akerele J, Abhulimen P, Okonofua F. Prevalence of asymptomatic genital infection among pregnant women in Benin City, Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health 2002; 6: 93–7
- Obaseiki-Ebor EE, Akerele JO, Ebea PO. A survey of antibiotic outpatient prescribing and antibiotic self-medication. J Antimicrob Chemother 1987; 20: 759–63
- Anukam K, Osazuwa E, Ahonkhai I, Ngwu M, Osemene G, Bruce AW, et al. Augmentation of antimicrobial metronidazole therapy of bacterial vaginosis with oral probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14: randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Microbes Infect 2006; 8: 1450–4
- Reid G, Bruce AW, Fraser N, Heinemann C, Owen J, Henning B. Oral probiotics can resolve urogenital infections. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2001; 30: 49–52
- Reid G, Charbonneau D, Erb J, Kochanowski B, Beuerman D, Poehner R, et al. Oral use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14 significantly alters vaginal flora: randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 64 healthy women. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2003; 35: 131–4
- Walter J, Hertel C, Tannock GW, Lis CM, Munro K, Hammes WP. Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001; 67: 2578–85
- Swoboda RK, Bertram G, Budge S, Gooday GW, Gow NA, Brown AJ. Structure and regulation of the HSP90 gene from the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Infect Immun. 1995; 63: 4506–14
- Anukam KC, Reid G. A two species-specific primers to identify Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus, reuteri RC-14 after probiotic use. Int J Probiotics Prebiotics 2008, in press
- Sobel JD, Wiesenfeld HC, Martens M, Danna P, Hooton TM, Rompalo A, et al. Maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 876–83
- Morelli L, Zonenenschain D, Del Piano M, Cognein P. Utilization of the intestinal tract as a delivery system for urogenital probiotics. J Clin Gastroenterol 2004; 38(Suppl 6)S107–S110
- Kim SO, Sheikh HI, Ha SD, Martins A, Reid G. G-CSF-mediated inhibition of JNK is a key mechanism for Lactobacillus rhamnosus-induced suppression of TNF production in macrophages. Cell Microbiol 2006; 8: 1958–71
- Lorea Baroja M, Kirjavainen PV, Hekmat S, Reid G. Anti-inflammatory effects of probiotic yogurt in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 149: 470–9
- Kirjavainen PV, Laine RM, Carter DE, Hammond J, Reid G. Expression of antimicrobial defense factors in vaginal mucosa following exposure to Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1. Int J Probiotics Prebiotics 2008; 3: 99–106