Genetic Typing of Candida albicans Strains Isolated from the Oral Cavity of Patients with Denture Stomatitis before and after Itraconazole Therapy

References

• Budtz-Jorgensen E, Stenderup A, Grabowski M. An epidemi-ologic study of yeasts in elderly denture wearers. Comm Dent Oral Epidemiol 1975; 3: 115–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Budtz-Jorgensen E. (1990) Candida-associated denture stom-atitis and angular cheilitis. In Oral Candidosis, ed. Sama-ranayake LP & MacFarlane TW. Ch 9, pp 156–83. London: Wright.
   Google Scholar
• Blatchford NR. Treatment of oral candidosis with itracona-zole: A review. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990; 23: 565–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cross LJ, Bagg J, Wray D, Aitchison T. A comparison of fluconazole and itraconazole in denture stomatitis: a pilot study. J Dent, 26 (8), 657–64.
   Google Scholar
• Magee PT, Bowdin L, Standinger J. Comparison of molecular typing methods for Candida albicans. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30 (10): 2674–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz WG. Candida albicans strain delineation. Clin Microbiol Rev 1990; 3: 321–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherer S, Stevens DA. A Candida albicans dispersed repeated gene family and its epidemiologic applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988; 85: 1452–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell SA, Anthony RM, Power E. Application of RAPD and restriction enzyme analysis to the study of oral carriage of Candida albicans. Lett Appl Microbiol 1996; 22: 125–8.
   Google Scholar
• Barchiesi F, Falconi Di Francesco L, Compagnucci P, Arzeni D, Cirioni O, Scalise G. Genotypic identification of sequential Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction techniques. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1997; 16: 601–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathaba LT, Davies G, Warmington JR. The genotypic relationship of Candida albicans strains isolated form the oral cavity of patients with denture stomatitis. J Med Microbiol 1995; 42: 372–9.
   Google Scholar
• Diffey BL, Oliver RJ, Fan PM. A portable instrument for quantifying erythema induced by ultraviolet radiation. Brit J Dermatol 1984; 111: 673–82.
   Google Scholar
• Arendorf TM, Walker DM. Oral candidal populations in health and disease. Br Dent J 1979; 147: 267–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samaranayake LP, MacFarlane TW, Lamey P-J, Ferguson MM. A comparison of oral rinse and imprint sampling tech-niques for the detection of yeast, coliform and S. aureus carriage in the oral cavity. J Oral Pathol 1986; 15: 386–8.
   Google Scholar
• Anthony RM, Midgley J, Sweet SP, Howell SA. Multiple strains of Candida albicans in the oral cavity of HIV positive and HIV negative patients. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 1995; 8: 23–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitcher DG, Saunders NA, Owen RJ. Rapid extraction of bacterial genomic DNA with guanidium thiocyanate. Letters in Applied Microbiology 1989; 8: 151–6.
   Google Scholar
• Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T. (1989) Analysis of genomic DNA by Southern hybridization. In Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual (2nd Ed.) Section 9.31.
   Google Scholar
• Boehringer Mannheim Biochemica. (1993) Hybridization. In The DIG System Users Guide for Filter Hybridization, pp 33–38. Germany: Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Biochemica.
   Google Scholar
• Rex JH, Pfaller MA, Galgiani JN, Bartlett MS, Espinel-In-groff A, Ghannoum MA. Development of interpretive break-points for antifungal susceptibility testing: conceptual framework and analysis of in vitro-in vivo correlation data for fluconazole, itraconazole and Candida infections. Clin Inf Dis 1997; 24: 235–47.
   Google Scholar
• Galgiani JN, Bartlett MS, Espinel-Ingroff A, Fromtling RA, Pfaller MA, Rinaldi MG. (1992) Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts; proposed standard. NCCLS Document M27-P, 12, No. 25.
   Google Scholar
• Bergendal T, Holmberg K, Nord CE. Yeast colonization in the oral cavity and faeces in patients with denture stomatitis. Acta Odontol Scand 1979; 37: 37–45.
   Google Scholar
• Budtz-Jorgensen E, Theilade E, Theilade J. Quantitative rela-tionship between yeasts and bacteria in denture-induced stom-atitis. Scand J Dent Res 1983; 91: 134–42.
   Google Scholar
• Bissell V, Felix DH, Wray D. Comparative trial of fluconazole and amphotericin in the treatment of denture stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med. Oral Pathol 1993; 76 (1): 35–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karyotakis NC, Anaissie EJ. The new antifungal azoles: fluconazole and itraconazole. Curr Opinion Infect Dis 1994; 7: 658–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellstein J, Vawter-Hugart H, Fotos P, Schmid J, Soll DR. genetic similarity and phenotypic diversity of commensal and pathogenic strains of Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31(12): 3190–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan D, Bennett D, Henman M, Harwood P, Flint S, Mulcahy F, et al. Oligonucleotide fingerprinting of isolates of Candida species other than C. albicans and of atypical Candida species from human immunodeficiency virus-positive and AIDS patients. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31(8): 2124–33.
   Google Scholar
• MacFarlane, T.W. (1990) Ecology and epidemiology of Can-dida. In Oral Candidosis, ed. Samaranayake LP & MacFarlane TW. Ch 3, pp 21–46. London: Wright.
   Google Scholar
• Budtz-Jorgensen E, Bertram U. Denture stomatitis. II. The effect of antifungal and prosthetic treatment. Acta Odontol Scand 1970; 28: 283–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nairn R I. Nystatin and amphotericin B in the treatment of denture-related candidiasis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1975; 40 (1): 68–75.
   Google Scholar