Publication Cover
Historical Biology
An International Journal of Paleobiology
Volume 31, 2019 - Issue 9
476
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Digital cranial endocast of Riograndia guaibensis (Late Triassic, Brazil) sheds light on the evolution of the brain in non-mammalian cynodonts

, , , , , & show all
Pages 1195-1212 | Received 26 May 2017, Accepted 11 Jan 2018, Published online: 29 Jan 2018

References

  • Abdala F. 2007. Redescription of Platycraniellus elegans (Therapsida, Cynodontia) from the Lower Triassic of South Africa, and the cladistic relationships of eutheriodonts. Palaeontology. 50(3):591–618.
  • Abdala F, Giannini NP. 2002.  Chiniquodontid cynodonts: systematic and morphometric considerations. Palaeontology, 45(6):1151–1170.
  • Bauchot R, Stephan H. 1967. Encephales et moulages endocraniens de quelque insectivores et primates actuels [Encephalic and endocranial casts of some extant insectivores and primates]. Colloq Int CNRS. 163: 575–587.
  • Benoit J, Jasinoski SC, Fernandez V, Abdala F. 2017. The mystery of a missing bone: revealing the orbitosphenoid in basal Epicynodontia (Cynodontia, Therapsida) through computed tomography. Sci Nat. 104:66.10.1007/s00114-017-1487-z
  • Bonaparte JF. 1966. Sobre las cavidades cerebral, nasal y otras estructuras del cráneo de Exaeretodon sp. (Cynodontia-Traversodontidae). Acta Geologica Lilloana. 8:5–11.
  • Bonaparte JF, Ferigolo J, Ribeiro AM. 2001. A primitive Late Triassic ‘ictidosaur’ from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Palaeontology. 44:623–635.10.1111/pala.2001.44.issue-4
  • Bonaparte JF, Martinelli AG, Schultz CL. 2005. New information on Brasilodon and Brasilitherium (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) from the Late Triassic of Southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 8(1):25–46.
  • Bonaparte JF, Schultz CL, Soares MB, Martinelli AG. 2010. La fauna local de Faxinal do Soturno, Triásico Tardío de Rio Grande do Sul. Brasil Rev Bras Paleontol. 13(3):233–246.10.4072/rbp
  • Brink AS. 1955. A study on the skeleton of Diademodon. Paleontologia Africana. 6:15–22.
  • Butler AB, Hodos W. 1996. Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: evolution and adaptation. New York (NY): Wiley-Liss.
  • Colbert MW, Racicot R, Rowe T. 2005. Anatomy of the cranial endocast of the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus, based on HRXCT. J Mamm Evol. 12:195–207.10.1007/s10914-005-4861-0
  • Crompton AW, Musinsky C, Owerkowicz T. 2015. Evolution of the mammalian nose. In: Dial K, Shubin N, Brainerd E, editors. Great Transformations in Vertebrate Evolution. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press.
  • Crompton AW, Musinsky C, Rougier GW, Bhullar B-AS, Miyamar JA. 2017a. Origin of the lateral wall of the mammalian skull: fossils monotremes and therians revisited. J Mamm Evol. 1–13. doi:10.1007/s10914-017-9388-7.
  • Crompton AW, Owerkowicz T, Bhullar B-AS, Musinsky C. 2017b. Structure of the nasal region of non-mammalian cynodonts and mammaliaforms: speculations on the evolution of mammalian endothermy. J Vertebr Paleontol. 37(1):e1269116–19.10.1080/02724634.2017.1269116
  • Dom R, Fisher BL, Martin GF. 1970. The venous system of the head and neck of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana). J Morphol. 132:487–496.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4687
  • Edinger T. 1964. Midbrain exposure and overlap in mammals. Am Zool. 4:5–19.10.1093/icb/4.1.5
  • Eisenberg JF. 1981. The mammalian radiations. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago.
  • Eisenberg JF, Wilson DE. 1981. Relative brain size and demographic strategies in Didelphis marsupialis. Am Nat. 118:1–15.10.1086/283796
  • Gingerich PD, Smith BH. 1984. Allometric scaling in the dentition of primates and insectivores. In: Jungers WL, editor. Size and Scaling in Primate Biology. New York (NY): Plenum Press; p. 257–272.
  • Hillenius WJ. 1992. The evolution of nasal turbinates and mammalian endothermy. Paleobiology. 18:17–29.10.1017/S0094837300012197
  • Hillenius WJ. 1994. Turbinates in therapsids: evidence for Late Permian origins of mammalian endothermy. Evolution. 48:207–229.10.1111/evo.1994.48.issue-2
  • Hopson JA. 1964. The braincase of the advanced mammal-like reptile Bienotherium. Postilla. 87:1–30.
  • Hopson JA. 1979. Paleoneurology. In: Gans C, Northcutt RG, Ulinski P, editors. Biology of the Reptilia. Vol. 9, Neurology A. London: Academic Press; p. 39–146.
  • Hopson  JA, Kitching JW. 2001. A probainognathian cynodont from South Africa and the phylogeny of nonmammalian cynodonts. In: Jenkins  FA, Shapiro  MD, Owerkowicz  T, editors. Studies in organismic and evolutionary biology in honor of Alfred W Crompton – Bulletin of Museum of Comparative Zoology. Vol. 156. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University; p. 5–35.
  • Horn BLD, Melo TM, Schultz CL, Philipp RP, Kloss HP, Goldberg K. 2014. A new third-order sequence stratigraphic framework applied to the Triassic of the Parana Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on structural, stratigraphic and paleontological data. J S Am Earth Sci. 55:123–132.10.1016/j.jsames.2014.07.007
  • Jerison HJ. 1973. Evolution of the brain and intelligence. New York (NY): Academic Press.
  • Jerison HJ. 1991. Fossil brains and the evolution of the neocortex. In: Finlay BL, Innocenti G, Scheich H, editors. The neocortex: ontogeny and phylogeny NATO advanced science institutes series A: life sciences. Vol. 200. New York (NY): Plenum Press; p. 5–19.
  • Kemp TS. 1979. The primitive cynodont Procynosuchus: structure, function, and evolution of the postcranial skeleton. Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B. 288:217–258.
  • Kemp TS. 2009. The endocranial cavity of a nonmammalian cynodonts Chiniquodon theotenicus and its implications for the origin of the mammalian brain. J Vertebr Paleontol. 29(4):1188–1198.10.1671/039.029.0430
  • Kielan-Jaworowska Z. 1983. Multituberculate endocranial casts. Palaeovertebrata. 13:1–12.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska Z. 1984. Evolution of the therian mammals in the late Cretaceous of Asia. Part VI. Endocranial casts of eutherian mammals. Palaeontologia Polonica. 46:157–171.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska Z. 1986. Brain evolution in Mesozoic mammals. In: Flanagan KM, Lillegraven JA, editors. Vertebrates, phylogeny, and philosophy contributions to geology. Laramie (WY): University of Wyoming, Special Paper 3; p. 21–34.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska Z, Presley R, Poplin C. 1986. The cranial vascular system in the taeniolabidoid multituberculate mammals. Philos Trans R Soc London B. 313:525–602.10.1098/rstb.1986.0055
  • Kielan-Jaworowska Z, Cifelli RL, Luo Z-X. 2004. Mammals from the age of dinosaurs: origin, evolution, and structure. New York (NY): Columbia University Press.10.7312/kiel11918
  • Kielan-Jaworowska Z, Lancaster TE. 2004. A new reconstruction of multituberculate endocranial casts and encephalization quotient of Kryptobaatar. Acta Palaeontol Pol. 49:177–188.
  • Krause DW, Kielan-Jaworowska Z. 1993. The endocranial cast and encephalization quotient of Ptilodus (Multituberculata, Mammalia). Palaeovertebrata. 22:99–112.
  • Laaß M, Schillinger B, Kaestner A. 2017. What did the ‘Unossified Zone’ of the non-mammalian therapsid braincase house? J Morphol. 278:1020–1032.
  • Liu J, Olsen P. 2010. The phylogenetic relationships of Eucynodontia (Amniota: Synapsida). J Mamm Evol. 17:151–176.10.1007/s10914-010-9136-8
  • Loo YT. 1930. The forebrain of the opossum, Didelphis virginiana. J Comp Neurol. 51:13–64.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9861
  • Luo Z-X. 1994. Sister-group relationships of mammals and transformations of diagnostic mammalian characters. In: Fraser NC, Sues HD, editors. In the shadow of the dinosaurs: early Mesozoic tetrapods. New York (NY): Cambridge University Press, p. 98–128.
  • Luo Z-X, Crompton AW, Sun A-L. 2001. A new mammaliaform from the early Jurassic and evolution of mammalian characteristics. Science. 292:1535–1540.10.1126/science.1058476
  • Luo Z-X, Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Cifelli RL. 2002. In quest for a phylogeny of Mesozoic mammals. Acta Palaeontol Pol. 47:1–78.
  • Macrini TE. 2006. The evolution of endocranial space in mammals and non-mammalian cynodonts [ PhD dissertation]. Austin (TX): The University of Texas, 278 p.
  • Macrini TE, Rowe T, Archer M. 2006. Description of a cranial endocast from a fossil platypus, Obdurodon dicksoni (Monotremata, Ornithorhynchidae), and the relevance of endocranial characters to monotreme monophyly. J Morphol. 267:1000–1015.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4687
  • Macrini TE, Muizon C, Cifelli RL, Rowe T. 2007a. Digital cranial endocast of Pucadelphys andinus, a Paleocene metatherian. J Vertebr Paleontol. 27:99–107.10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[99:DCEOPA]2.0.CO;2
  • Macrini TE, Rougier GW, Rowe T. 2007b. Description of a cranial endocast from the fossil mammal Vincelestes neuquenianus (Theriiformes) and its relevance to the evolution of endocranial characters in therians. Anat rec. 290(7):875–892.10.1002/(ISSN)1932-8494
  • Maier W. 1987. The ontogenetic development of the orbitotemporal region of the skull of Monodelphis domestica (Didelphidae, Marsupialia), and the problem of the mammalian alisphenoid. Mammalia Depicta. 13:71–90.
  • Marsicano CA, Irmis RB, Mancuso AC, Mundile R, Chemale F. 2015. The precise temporal calibration of dinosaur origins. PNAS. 113(3):509–513. doi:10.1073/pnas.1512541112.
  • Martinelli AG, Rougier GW. 2007. On Chaliminia musteloides Bonaparte (Cynodontia, Tritheledontidae) and the phylogeny of the Ictidosauria. J Vertebr Paleontol. 27:442–460.10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[442:OCMETF]2.0.CO;2
  • Martinelli AG, Soares MB, Schwanke C. 2016. Two new cynodonts (Therapsida) from the Middle-early Late Triassic of Brazil and comments on South American probainognathians. PLoS One. 11(10):e0162945. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162945.
  • Martinelli AG, Eltink E, Da-Rosa ÁAS, Langer MC. 2017a. A new cynodont (Therapsida) from the Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone (upper Carnian-Norian) of southern Brazil improves the Late Triassic probainognathian diversity. Pap Palaeontol. 3(3):401–423. doi:10.1002/spp2.1081.
  • Martinelli AG, Soares MB, Oliveira TV, Rodrigues PG, Schultz CL. 2017b. The Triassic eucynodont Candelariodon barberenai revisited and the early diversity of stem prozostrodontians. Acta Palaeontol Pol. 62(3):497–507. doi:10.4202/app.00344.2017.
  • Martínez RN, Apaldetti C, Alcober OA, Colombi CE, Sereno PC, Fernandez E, Malnis PS, Correa GA, Abelin D. 2013. Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation. Soc Vertebr Paleont Mem 12 J Vertebr Paleontol. 32(Suppl 6):10–30.
  • Meisami E, Bhatnagar KP. 1998. Structure and diversity in mammalian accessory olfactory bulb. Microsc Res Tech. 43:476–499.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0029
  • Mauk MD, Medina JF, Nores WL, Ohyama T. 2000. Cerebellar function: coordination, learning or timing? Curr Biol. 10:R522–R525.10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00584-4
  • Negus V. 1958. The comparative anatomy and physiology of the nose and paranasal sinuses. London: E&S Livingstone Ltd; p. 402.
  • Niimura Y. 2009. On the origin and evolution of vertebrate olfactory receptor genes: comparative genome analysis among 23 chordate species. Genome Biol Evol. 1:34–44.
  • Novacek MJ. 1993. Mammalian phylogeny: morphology and molecules. Trends Ecol Evol. 8(9):339–340.10.1016/0169-5347(93)90245-K
  • Oliveira TV, Soares MB, Schultz CL. 2010. Trycidocynodon riograndensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Eucynodontia), a new cynodont from the Brazilian Upper Triassic (Santa Maria Formation). Zootaxa. 2382:1–71.
  • Pirlot P, Nelson J. 1978. Volumetric analysis of monotreme brains. Aust Zool. 20:171–179.
  • Presley R. 1980. The braincase in recent and mesozoic therapsids. Mém Soc Géol Fr NS. 139: 159–162.
  • Quiroga JC. 1979. The brain of two mammal-like reptiles (Cynodontia-Therapsida). J Hirnforsch. 20:341–350.
  • Quiroga JC. 1980a. Sobre un molde endocraneano del cinodonte Probainognathus jenseni Romer, 1970 (Reptilia, Therapsida), de la Formación Ischichuca (Triásico Medio), La Rioja, Argentina [On an endocranial cast of the cynodont Probainognathus jenseni Romer, 1970 (Reptilia, Therapsida), of the Ischichuca Formation (Middle Triassic), La Rioja, Argentina]. Ameghiniana. 17: 181–190.
  • Quiroga JC. 1980b. The brain of the mammal-like reptile Probainognathus jenseni (Therapsida, Cynodontia). A correlative paleo-neoneurological approach to the neocortex at the reptile mammal transition. J Hirnforsch. 21:299–336.
  • Quiroga JC. 1980c. Descripción de los moldes endocraneanos de dos cinodontes (Reptilia–Therapsida) de Los Chañares–Triásico medio–de la Provincia de La Rioja (Argentina). Notas sobre al sistema vascular intracraneano y relaciones con los moldes de otros cinodontes en función de la morfología de los más antiguos moldes mamalianos conocidos [Description of the endocasts of two cynodonts (Reptilia-Therapsida) of Los Chañares-Middle Triassic-of the Province of La Rioja (Argentina). Notes on the intracranial vascular system and relations with the casts of other cynodonts based on the morphology of the oldest known mammalian casts]. In: Actas II Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía y I Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología. Buenos Aires; p. 103–122.
  • Quiroga JC. 1984. The endocranial cast of the advanced mammal like reptile Therioherpeton cargnini (Therapsida-Cynodontia) from the Middle Triassic of Brazil. J Hirnforsch. 25:285–290.
  • Rodrigues PG, Ruf I, Schultz CL. 2013. Study of a digital cranial endocast of the non-mammaliaform cynodont Brasilitherium riograndensis (Later Triassic, Brazil) and its relevance to the evolution of the mammalian brain. Paläontol Z. 88:329–352.
  • Roth JJ, Roth EC, Hotton N III. 1986. The parietal foramen eye: their function and fate in therapsids. In: Hotton N III, Maclean PB, Roth JJ, Roth EC, editors. The ecology and biology of mammal-like reptiles. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institute Press; p. 173–184.
  • Rougier GW, Wible JR. 2006. Major changes in the ear region and basicranium of early mammals. In: Carrano M, Gaudin TJ, Blob R, Wible JR, editors. Amniote paleobiology: phylogenetic and functional perspectives on the evolution of mammals, birds and reptiles. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press; p. 269–311.
  • Rowe T. 1988. Definition, diagnosis and origin of Mammalia. Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology. 8(3):241–264.
  • Rowe T. 1996. Coevolution of the mammalian middle ear and neocortex. Science. 273:651–654.10.1126/science.273.5275.651
  • Rowe T, Carlson W, Bottorff W. 1995. Thrinaxodon: digital atlas of the skull. CD-ROM (Second Edition for Windows and Macintosh platforms. Austin (TX): University of Texas Press.
  • Rowe TB, Eiting TP, Macrini TE, Ketcham RA. 2005. Organization of the olfactory and respiratory skeleton in the nose of the gray short-tailed opossum Monodelphis domestica. J Mamm Evol. 12:303–336.10.1007/s10914-005-5731-5
  • Rowe TB, Macrini TE, Luo Z-X. 2011. Fossil evidence on origin of the mammalian brain. Science. 332:955–957.10.1126/science.1203117
  • Ruff I, Maier W, Rodrigues PG, Schultz CL. 2014. Nasal anatomy of the non-mammaliaform cynodont Brasilitherium riograndensis (Eucynodontia, Therapsida) reveals new insight into mammalian evolution. Anat Rec. 297(11):2018–2030.10.1002/ar.23022
  • Sánchez-Villagra MR. 2002. The cerebellar paraflocculus and the subarcuate fossa in Monodelphis domestica and other marsupial mammals: ontogeny and phylogeny of a brain-skull interaction. Acta Theriologica. 47:1–14.10.1007/BF03193561
  • Silcox MT, Dalmyn CK, Hrenchuk A, Bloch JI, Boyer DM, Houde P. 2011. Endocranial morphology of Labidolemur kayi (Apatemyidae, Apatotheria) and its relevance to the study of brain evolution in Euarchontoglires. J Vertebr Paleontol. 31:1314–1325.10.1080/02724634.2011.609574
  • Soares MB, Schultz CL, Horn BLD. 2011. New information on Riograndia guaibensis Bonaparte, Ferigolo & Ribeiro, 2001 (Eucynodontia, Tritheledontidae) from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil: anatomical and biostratigraphic implications. An Acad Bras Ciênc. 83:329–354.10.1590/S0001-37652011000100021
  • Sues H-D. 1986. The skull and dentition of two tritylodontid synapsids from the Lower Jurassic of Western North America. Bull Mus Comp Zool. 151:217–268.
  • Starck D. 1979. Vergleichende Anatomie der Wirbeltiere auf evolutionsbiologischer Grundlage. Vol 2, XII. Berlin: Springer.10.1007/978-3-642-67159-3
  • Watson DMS. 1913. Further notes on the skull, brain, and organs of special sense of Diademodon. Ann Mag Nat Hist. Series 8(12):217–228.
  • Wible JR, Hopson JA. 1995. Homologies of the prootic canal in mammals and non-mammalian cynodonts. J Vertebr Paleontol. 15:331–356.10.1080/02724634.1995.10011233
  • Zerfass H, Lavina EL, Schultz CL, Garcia AJV, Faccini UF, Chemale F Jr. 2003. Sequence stratigraphy of continental Triassic strata of Southernmost Brazil: a contribution to Southwestern Gondwana palaeogeography and palaeoclimate. Sed Geol. 161:85–105.10.1016/S0037-0738(02)00397-4

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.