Publication Cover
Historical Biology
An International Journal of Paleobiology
Volume 32, 2020 - Issue 10
757
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Ontogeny and variation of a protoceratopsid dinosaur Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert

ORCID Icon
Pages 1394-1421 | Received 22 Jan 2019, Accepted 07 Mar 2019, Published online: 03 Apr 2019

References

  • Abbott A. 1996. Missing dinosaur skulls raise new fears of smuggling in Moscow. Nature. 384:499.
  • Alifanov VR. 2003. Two new dinosaurs of the infraorder Neoceratopsia (Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of the Nemegt depression, Mongolian People’s Republic. Paleontol J. 37:524–534.
  • Alifanov VR. 2008. The tiny horned dinosaur Gobiceratops minutus gen. et sp. nov. (Bagaceratopidae, Neoceratopsia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontol J. 42:621–633.
  • Benton MJ. 2000. Conventions in Russian and Mongolian palaeontological literature. In: Benton MJ, Shishkin MA, Unwin DM, Kurochkin EN, editors. The age of dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; p. xvi–xxxix.
  • Boyd CA. 2014. The cranial anatomy of the neornithischian dinosaur Thescelosaurus neglectus. PeerJ. 2:e669.
  • Brown DB, Schlaikjer DEM. 1940. The structure and relationships of Protoceratops. Trans N Y Acad Sci. 2:99–100.
  • Campbell JA 2014. A re-evaluation of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid Chasmosaurus (Dinosauria: ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Dinosaur Park Formation of Western Canada. Dissertation. Carleton University.
  • Chinnery BJ. 2004. Description of Prenoceratops pieganensis gen. et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: neoceratopsia) from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana. J Vertebr Paleontol. 24:572–590.
  • Chinnery BJ, Horner JR. 2007. A new neoceratopsian dinosaur linking North American and Asian taxa. J Vertebr Paleontol. 27:625–641.
  • Currie PJ, Holmes RB, Ryan MJ, Coy C. 2016. A juvenile chasmosaurine ceratopsid (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada. J Vertebr Paleontol. 36:e1048348.
  • Dashzeveg D, Dingus L, Loope DB, Swisher CC, Dulam T, Sweeney MR. 2005. New stratigraphic subdivision, deposition environment, and age estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, Southern Nur Basin, Mongolia. Am Mus Novit. 3498:1–31.
  • Dashzeveg D, Novacek MJ, Norell MA, Clark JM, Chiappe LM, Davidson A, McKenna MC, Dingus L, Swisher C, Altangerel P. 1995. Extraordinary preservation in a new vertebrate assemblage from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Nature. 374:446–449.
  • Dingus L, Loope DB, Dashzeveg D, Swisher III CC, Minjin C, Novacek MJNorell MA. 2008. The geology of Ukhaa Tolgod (Djadokhta Formation, Upper Cretaceous, Nemegt Basin, Mongolia). Am Mus Novit. 3616:1–40. doi:10.1206/442.1
  • Dodson P. 1976. Quantitative aspects of relative growth and sexual dimorphism in Protoceratops. J Paleontol. 50:929–940.
  • Dong ZM, Currie PJ. 1993. Protoceratopsian embryos from Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China. Can J Earth Sci. 30:2248–2254.
  • Erickson GM, Zelenitsky DK, Kay DI, Norell M. 2017. Dinosaur incubation periods directly determined from growth-line counts in embryonic teeth show reptilian-grade development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 114:540–545.
  • Farke AA. 2010. Evolution, homology, and function of the supracranial sinuses in ceratopsian dinosaurs. J Vertebr Paleontol. 30:1486–1500.
  • Farke AA, Maxwell WD, Cifelli RL, Wedel MJ. 2014. A ceratopsian dinosaur from the lower cretaceous of western north america, and the biogeography of neoceratopsia. PLoS One. 9:e112055.
  • Fastovsky DE, Weishampel DB, Watabe M, Barsbold R, Tsogtbaatar K, Narmandakh P. 2011. A nest of Protoceratops andrewsi (Dinosauria, Ornithischia). J Paleontol. 85:1035–1041.
  • Gao K, Norell MA. 2000. Taxonomic composition and systematics of Late Cretaceous lizard assemblages from Ukhaa Tolgod and adjacent localities, Mongolian Gobi Desert. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 249:1–118.
  • Gradziński R, Kielan-Jaworowska Z, Maryańska T. 1977. Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta, Barun Goyot and Nemegt formations of Mongolia, including remarks on previous subdivisions. Act Geol Pol. 27:281–318.
  • Granger W, Gregory WK. 1923. Protoceratops andrewsi, a pre-ceratopsian dinosaur from Mongolia. Am Mus Novit. 72:1–9.
  • Han FL, Forster CA, Clark JM, Xu X. 2016. Cranial anatomy of Yinlong downsi (Ornithischia: Ceratopsia) from the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang, China. J Vertebr Paleontol. 36:e1029579.
  • Handa N, Watabe M, Tsogtbaatar K. 2012. New specimens of Protoceratops (Dinosauria: neoceratopsia) from the Upper Cretaceous in Udyn Sayr, southern Gobi area, Mongolia. Paleontol Res. 16:179–198.
  • Holtz TR, Brett-Surman MK. 2012. The osteology of the dinosaurs. In: Brett-Surman MK, Holtz TR, Farlow JO, editors. The complete dinosaur. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; p. 135–150.
  • Hone DW, Choiniere J, Sullivan C, Xu X, Pittman M, Tan Q. 2010. New evidence for a trophic relationship between the dinosaurs Velociraptor and Protoceratops. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol. 291:488–492.
  • Hone DW, Farke AA, Watabe M, Shigeru S, Tsogtbaatar K. 2014. A new mass mortality of juvenile Protoceratops and size-segregated aggregation behaviour in juvenile non-avian dinosaurs. PLoS One. 9:e113306.
  • Hone DW, Wood D, Knell RJ. 2016. Positive allometry for exaggerated structures in the ceratopsian dinosaur Protoceratops andrewsi supports socio-sexual signaling. Paleont Electron. 19:1–13.
  • Horner JR, Goodwin MB. 2008. Ontogeny of cranial epi-ossifications in Triceratops. J Vertebr Paleontol. 28:134–144.
  • Jerzykiewicz T. 2000. Lithostratigraphy and sedimentary settings of the Cretaceous dinosaur beds of Mongolia. In: Benton MJ, Shishkin MA, Unwin DM, editors. The age of dinosaurs in russia and mongolia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; p. 279–296.
  • Jerzykiewicz T, Currie PJ, Eberth DA, Johnston PA, Koster EH, Zheng JJ. 1993. Djadokhta Formation correlative strata in Chinese Inner Mongolia: an overview of the stratigraphy, sedimentary geology, and paleontology and comparisons with the type locality in the pre-Altai Gobi. Can J Earth Sci. 30:2180–2195.
  • Jerzykiewicz T, Russell DA. 1991. Late Mesozoic stratigraphy and vertebrates of the Gobi Basin. Cretac Res. 12:345–377.
  • Ji S, Zhang L, Lu L, Hao J. 2017. The first discovery of the Late Cretaceous protoceratopsid fauna from Alxa, Inner Mongolia, China. Act Geol Sin. 91:1908–1909.
  • Kirkland JI, DeBlieux DD. 2010. New basal centrosaurine ceratopsian skulls from the Wahweap Formation (Middle Campanian), Grand Staircase–escalante National Monument, southern Utah. In: Ryan MJ, Chinnery-Allgeier BJ, Eberth DA, editors. New perspectives on horned dinosaurs: the royal tyrrell museum ceratopsian symposium. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; p. 117–140.
  • Kurzanov SM. 1972. Sexual dimorphism in protoceratopsians. Paleontol J. 1:104–112.
  • Kurzanov SM. 1990. A new Late Cretaceous protoceratopsid genus from Mongolia. Paleontol J. 24:85–91.
  • Kurzanov SM. 1992. A gigantic protoceratopsid from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontol J. 26:81–93.
  • Kurzanov SM. 1995. The horned dinosaurs. In: Palaeontological institute, palaeontological museum named after academician Yu. A. Orlov. Moscow: Russian Academy of Sciences; p. 86–87.
  • Lambert O, Godefroit P, Li H, Shang CY, Dong ZM. 2001. A new species of Protoceratops (Dinosauria, Neoceratopsia) from the Late Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia (P. R. China). Bull Inst R Sc N B-S. 71:5–28.
  • Lehman TM. 1993. New data on the ceratopsian dinosaur Pentaceratops sternbergii Osborn from New Mexico. J Paleontol. 67:279–288.
  • Lehman TM, Wick SL, Barnes KR. 2017. New specimens of horned dinosaurs from the Aguja Formation of West Texas, and a revision of Agujaceratops. J Syst Palaeontol. 15:641–674.
  • Longrich NR, Currie PJ, Dong Z. 2010. A new oviraptorid (Dinosauria: theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia. Paleont. 53:945–960.
  • Lund EK, Sampson SD, Loewen MA. 2016. Nasutoceratops titusi (Ornithischia, Ceratopsidae), a basal centrosaurine ceratopsid from the Kaiparowits Formation, southern Utah. J Vertebr Paleont. 36:e1054936.
  • Maidment SC, Porro LB. 2010. Homology of the palpebral and origin of supraorbital ossifications in ornithischian dinosaurs. Lethaia. 43:95–111.
  • Maiorino L, Farke AA, Kotsakis T, Piras P. 2015. Males resemble females: re-evaluating sexual dimorphism in Protoceratops andrewsi (Neoceratopsia, Protoceratopsidae). PLoS One. 10:e0126464.
  • Makovicky PJ 2002. Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic relationships of basal Neoceratopsia (Dinosauria: ornithischia) [dissertation]. New York (NY): Columbia University.
  • Makovicky PJ. 2008. Telling time from fossils: a phylogeny-based approach to chronological ordering of paleobiotas. Cladistics. 24:350–371.
  • Makovicky PJ. 2010. A redescription of the Montanoceratops cerorhynchus holotype, with a review of referred material. In: Ryan MJ, Chinnery-Allgeier BJ, Eberth DA, editors. New perspectives on horned dinosaurs: the royal tyrrell museum ceratopsian symposium. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; p. 68–82.
  • Makovicky PJ. 2012. Marginocephalia. In: Brett-Surman MK, Holtz TR, Farlow JO, editors. The complete dinosaur. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; p. 527–549.
  • Ősi A, Butler RJ, Weishampel DB. 2010. A Late Cretaceous ceratopsian dinosaur from Europe with Asian affinities. Nature. 465:466–468.
  • Makovicky PJ, Norell MA. 2006. Yamaceratops dorngobiensis, a new primitive ceratopsian (Dinosauria: ornithischia) from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. Am Mus Novit. 3530:1–42.
  • Maryańska T, Osmólska H. 1975. Protoceratopsidae (Dinosauria) of Asia. Palaeontol Pol. 33:133–181.
  • Matsumoto Y, Saneyoshi M. 2010. Bored dinosaur skeletons. J Geol Soc Jpn. 116:I–II.
  • McDonald AT. 2011. A subadult specimen of Rubeosaurus ovatus (Dinosauria: ceratopsidae), with observations on other ceratopsids from the Two Medicine Formation. PLoS One. 6:e22710.
  • Morschhauser EM 2012. The anatomy and phylogeny of Auroraceratops (Ornithischia: ceratopsia) from the Yujingzi Basin of Gansu Province, China [dissertation]. Philadelphia (PA): University of Pennsylvania.
  • Nabavizadeh A. 2018. New reconstruction of cranial musculature in ornithischian dinosaurs: implications for feeding mechanisms and buccal anatomy. Anat Rec. doi:10.1002/ar.23988
  • Nabavizadeh A, Weishampel DB. 2016. The predentary bone and its significance in the evolution of feeding mechanisms in ornithischian dinosaurs. Anat Rec. 299:1358–1388.
  • Norell MAMakovicky PJ. 1999. Important features of the dromaeosaurid skeleton II: Information from newly collected specimens of Velociraptor Mongoliensis. Am Mus Novit. 3282:1–45.
  • Rougier GW, Sheth AS, Spurlin BK, Bolortsetseg M, Novacek MJ. 2016. Craniodental anatomy of a new Late Cretaceous multituberculate mammal from Udan Sayr, Mongolia. Palaeontol Pol. 67:197–248.
  • Sampson SD, Loewen MA, Farke AA, Roberts EM, Forster CA, Smith JA, Titus AL. 2010. New horned dinosaurs from Utah provide evidence for intracontinental dinosaur endemism. PLoS One. 5:e12292.
  • Sampson SD, Lund EK, Loewen MA, Farke AA, Clayton KE. 2013. A remarkable short-snouted horned dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) of southern Laramidia. Proc R Soc B. 280:20131186.
  • Saneyoshi M, Mishima S, Tsogtbaatar K, Mainbayar B. 2017. Morphological changes of Protoceratops andrewsi skull with ontogenetic processes. Naturalistae. 21:1–6.
  • Saneyoshi M, Watabe M, Tsubamoto T, Tsogtbaatar K, Chinzorig T, Suzuki S. 2010. Report of the HMNS-MPC Joint Paleontological Expedition in 2007. Hayashibara Mus Nat Sci Res Bull. 3:19–28.
  • Schindelin J, Arganda-Carreras I, Frise E, Kaynig V, Longair M, Pietzsch T, Preibisch S, Rueden C, Saalfeld S, Schmid B, et al. 2012. Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat Method. 9:676–682.
  • Sereno PC. 2000. The fossil record, systematics and evolution of pachycephalosaurs and ceratopsians from Asia. In: Benton MJ, Shishkin MA, Unwin DM, Kurochkin EN, editors. The age of dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; p. 480–516.
  • Sereno PC. 2010. Taxonomy, cranial morphology, and relationships of parrot-beaked dinosaurs (Ceratopsia: psittacosaurus). In: Ryan MJ, Chinnery-Allgeier BJ, Eberth DA, editors. New perspectives on horned dinosaurs: the royal tyrrell museum ceratopsian symposium. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; p. 21–58.
  • Sissons RL. 2009. New information on the Morphology of the Embryonic Protoceratopsian and hatchling ankylosaur dinosaurs from Bayan Mandahu (Inner Mongolia, China), using Micro-CT. J Vert Paleontol. 29:181A–182A.
  • Sternberg CM. 1951. Complete skeleton of Leptoceratops gracilis brown from the upper edmonton member on red deer river, Alberta. Nat Mus Can Bull. 123:225–255.
  • Tanoue K, You H, Dodson P. 2009. Comparative anatomy of selected basal ceratopsian dentitions. Can J Earth Sci. 46:425–439.
  • Tereschenko VS. 2001. Sexual dimorphism in the postcranial skeleton of protoceratopsids (Neoceratopsia, Protoceratopsidae) from Mongolia. Paleontol J. 35:415–425.
  • Tereschenko VS. 2007. Key to Protoceratopoid vertebrae (Ceratopsia, Dinosauria) from Mongolia. Paleontol J. 41:175–188.
  • Tereschenko VS. 2008. Adaptive Features of Protoceratopoids. Paleontol J. 42:273–286.
  • Tereschenko VS. 2018. On Polymorphism of Protoceratops andrewsi Granger et Gregory, 1923 (Protoceratopidae, Neoceratopsia). Paleontol J. 52:429–444.
  • Tereschenko VS, Alifanov VR. 2003. Bainoceratops efremovi, a new protoceratopid dinosaur (Protoceratopidae, Neoceratopsia) from the Bain-Dzak locality (south Mongolia). Paleontol J. 37:293–302.
  • Tereschenko VS, Singer T. 2013. Structural features of neural spines of the caudal vertebrae of protoceratopoids (Ornithischia: neoceratopsia). Paleontol J. 47:618–630.
  • Varriale FJ 2011. Dental microwear and the evolution of mastication in ceratopsian dinosaurs [dissertation]. Maryland (MD): Johns Hopkins University.
  • Virág A, Ősi A. 2017. Morphometry, microstructure, and wear pattern of neornithischian dinosaur teeth from the upper cretaceous Iharkút locality (Hungary). Anat Rec. 300:1439–1463.
  • Watabe M, Tsogtbaatar K. 2004. Report on the Japan-mongolia joint paleontological expedition to the gobi desert, 2000. Hayashibara Mus Nat Sci Res Bull. 2:45–67.
  • Wolfe DG, Kirkland JI, Smith D, Poole K, Chinnery-Allgeier BJ, McDonald A. 2010. Zuniceratops christopheri: the North American ceratopsid sister taxon reconstructed on the basis of new data. In: Ryan MJ, Chinnery-Allgeier BJ, Eberth DA, editors. New perspectives on horned dinosaurs: the royal tyrrell museum ceratopsian symposium. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; p. 91–98.
  • Xu X, Forster CA, Clark JM, Mo J. 2006. A basal ceratopsian with transitional features from the Late Jurassic of northwestern China. Proc R Soc Lond B. 273:2135–2140.
  • Xu X, Wang K, Zhao X, Li D. 2010. First ceratopsid dinosaur from China and its biogeographical implications. Chin Sci Bull. 55:1631–1635.
  • You H, Dong Z. 2003. A new protoceratopsid (Dinosauria: neoceratopsia) from the Late Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China. Act Geol Sin. 77:299–303.
  • Zhao X, Cheng Z, Xu X. 1999. The earliest ceratopsian from the Tuchengzi Formation of Liaoning, China. J Vertebr Paleontol. 19:681–691.
  • Zhao X, Cheng Z, Xu X, Makovicky PJ. 2006. A new ceratopsian from the Upper Jurassic Houcheng Formation of Hebei, China. Act Geol Sin. 80:467–473.
  • Zheng W, Jin X, Xu X. 2015. A psittacosaurid-like basal neoceratopsian from the Upper Cretaceous of central China and its implications for basal ceratopsian evolution. Sci Rep. 5:1419.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.