References
- Alpert , R. L. 1975 . Turbulent Ceiling-Jet Induced by Large-Scale Fires . Combust Sci. Technol. , 11 : 197 – 213 .
- Hinkley , P. L. 1989 . The Effect of Smoke Venting on the Operation of Sprinklers Subsequent to the First . Fire Safety J. , 14 : 221 – 240 .
- Beyler , C. L. and Cooper , L. Y. 2001 . Interaction of Sprinklers with Smoke and Heat Vents . Fire Technol. , 37 : 9 – 35 .
- Bullen , M. L. 1974 . The Effect of a Sprinkler on the Stability of a Smoke Layer Beneath a Ceiling, Fire Research Note 1016 , Borehamwood, , UK : Fire Research Station .
- Morgan , H. P. 1979 . Heat Transfer from a Buoyant Smoke Layer Beneath a Ceiling to a Sprinkler Spray 1—A Tentative Theory . Fire Materials , 3 : 27 – 33 .
- Morgan , H. P. and Baines , K. 1979 . Heat Transfer from a Buoyant Smoke Layer Beneath a Ceiling to a Sprinkler Spray 2—An Experiment . Fire Materials , 3 : 34 – 38 .
- Chow , W. K. and Cheung , Y. L. 1994 . Simulation of Sprinkler-Hot Layer Interaction Using a Field Model . Fire Materials , 18 : 359 – 379 .
- Chow , W. K. and Fong , N. K. 1993 . Application of Field Modeling Technique to Simulate Interaction of Sprinkler and Fire-Induced Smoke Layer . Combust Sci. Technol. , 89 : 101 – 151 .
- Cooper , L. Y. 1995 . The Interaction of an Isolated Sprinkler Spray and a Two-Layer Compartment Fire Environment. Phenomena and Model Simulations . Fire Safety J. , 25 : 89 – 107 .
- McGrattan , K. B. , Hamins , A. and Stroup , D. 1998 . Sprinkler, Smoke and Heat Vent, Draft Curtain Interaction—Large Scale Experiments and Model Development, NISTIR 6196-1, Building and Fire Research Laboratory , Gaithersburg, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology .
- Chow , W. K. and Fong , N. K. 1991 . Numerical Simulation on Cooling of the Fire-Induced Air Flow by Sprinkler Water Sprays . Fire Safety J. , 17 : 263 – 290 .
- Chow , W. K. and Cheung , Y. L. 1994 . Simulation of Sprinkler-Hot Layer Interaction using a Field Model . Fire Materials , 18 : 359 – 379 .
- Soonil , N. 1996 . Development of a Computational Model Simulating the Interaction Between a Fire Plume and a Sprinkler Spray . Fire Safety J. , 26 : 1 – 33 .
- Hua , J. S. , Kumar , K. , Khoo , B. C. and Xue , H. 2001 . A Numerical Study of the Interaction of Water Spray with a Fire Plume . Fire Safety J. , 37 : 631 – 657 .
- Gardiner , A. J. 1989 . The Mathematical Modeling of the Interaction Between Sprinkler Sprays and the Thermally Buoyant Layers of the Gases from Fires Ph.D. thesis, South Bank Polytechnic, London, UK
- McGrattan , K. B. , Baum , H. R. , Rehm , R. G. , Hammins , A. , Forney , G. P. , Floyd , J. E. , Hostikka , S. and Prasad , K. 2002 . Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 3)—Technical reference guide, NISTIR 6783 , Gaitherburg, MD : Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology .
- Chow , W. K. and Tong , A. C. 1994–1995 . Experimental Studies on Sprinkler Spray-Smoke Layer Interaction . J. Appl. Fire Sci. , 4 : 171 – 184 .
- Ingason , H. and Olsson , S. 1992 . Interaction between Sprinkler and Fire Vents—Full Scale Experiments , Sweden : Swedish National Testing and Research Institute . Fire Technology SP Report 1992:11
- Zhang , C. F. , Huo , R. , Li , Y. Z. and Chow , W. K. Stability of Smoke Layer under Sprinkler Water Spray . Proceedings of 2005 ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference . Paper HT2005-72482, Westin St. Francis, San Francisco, CA, July 17-22
- Chow , W. K. , Yi , L. , Shi , C. L. , Li , Y. Z. and Huo , R. 2005 . Experimental Studies on Mechanical Smoke Exhaust System in an Atrium . J. Fire Sci. , 23 : 429 – 444 .
- Quintiere , J. G. 1989 . Scaling Applications in Fire Research . Fire Safety J. , 15 : 3 – 29 .