The Effect of Online College Attendance on Job Obtainment Through Social Connections

References

• Allen, I. E., and J. Seaman. 2015. Grade level: Tracking online education in the United States. Newburyport, MA: Sloan Consortium.
   Google Scholar
• Aslanian, C., and D. Clinefelter. 2012. Online college students 2012: Comprehensive data on demands and preferences. Louisville, KY: Learning House Inc.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2013. Online college students 2013: Comprehensive data on demands and preferences. Louisville, KY: Learning House Inc.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2014. Online college students 2014: Comprehensive data on demands and preferences. Louisville, KY: Learning House Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Barnes, S. 2013. Socializing the classroom: Social networks and online learning, reprint ed. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, G. 1964. Human capital. New York, NY: National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1986. The forms of capital. In Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education, ed. J. Richardson, 241–58. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boxman, E. A. W., P. M. De Graaf, and H. D. Flap. 1991. The impact of social and human capital on the income attainment of Dutch managers. Social Networks 13 (1):51–73. doi:10.1016/0378-8733(91)90013-J
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buhrmester, M., T. Kwang, and S. D. Gosling. 2011. Amazon’s Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data? Perspectives on Psychological Science 6 (1):3–5. doi:10.1177/1745691610393980
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandler, J., P. Mueller, and G. Paolacci. 2013. Nonnaïveté among Amazon Mechanical Turk workers: Consequences and solutions for behavioral researchers. Behavior Research Methods 46 (1):112–30. doi:10.3758/s13428-013-0365-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman, J. S. 1988. Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology 94:S95–S120. doi:10.1086/228943
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darolia, R., C. Koedel, P. Martorell, K. Wilson, and F. Perez-Arce. 2015. Do employers prefer workers who attend for-profit colleges? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 34 (4):881–903.
   Google Scholar
• Deming, D. J., N. Yuchtman, A. Abulafi, C. Goldin, and L. F. Katz. 2016. The value of postsecondary credentials in the labor market: An experimental study. The American Economic Review 106 (3):778–806.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman, B., P. H. Khan Jr., and D. C. Howe. 2000. Trust online. Communications of the ACM 43 (12):34–40. doi:10.1145/355112.355120
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaddis, S. M. 2014. Discrimination in the credential society: An audit study of race and college selectivity in the labor market. Social Forces 93 (4):1451–1479.
   Google Scholar
• Goodman, J. K., C. E. Cryder, and A. Cheema. 2013. Data collection in a flat world: The strengths and weaknesses of Mechanical Turk samples. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 26 (3):213–24. doi:10.1002/bdm.1753
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granovetter, M. 1995. Getting a job: A study of contacts and careers, 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: The University Of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harrington, R., and D. A. Loffredo. 2010. MBTI personality type and other factors that relate to preference for online versus face-to-face instruction. The Internet and Higher Education 13 (1–2):89–95. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2009.11.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell, S. L., P. B. Williams, and N. K. Lindsay. 2003. Thirty-two trends affecting distance education: An informed foundation for strategic planning. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration 6 (3):1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Jilke, S., G. G. V. Ryzin, and S. Van de Walle. 2015. Responses to decline in marketized public services: An experimental evaluation of choice overload. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 26 (3):421–32. doi:10.1093/jopart/muv021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, D. R., and L. A. Borden. 2012. Participants at your fingertips using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to increase student–faculty collaborative research. Teaching of Psychology 39 (4):245–51. doi:10.1177/0098628312456615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joinson, A. N. 2001. Self-disclosure in computer-mediated communication: The role of self-awareness and visual anonymity. European Journal of Social Psychology 31 (2):177–92. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0992
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, H. F., M. K. Ponton, and A. P. Rovai. 2007. A comparison of student evaluations of teaching between online and face-to-face courses. The Internet and Higher Education 10 (2):89–101. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2007.02.001
   Google Scholar
• Levin, D. Z., and R. Cross. 2004. The strength of weak ties you can trust: The mediating role of trust in effective knowledge transfer. Management Science 50 (11):1477–90. doi:10.1287/mnsc.1030.0136
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little, G., L. B. Chilton, M. Goldman, and R. C. Miller. 2009. Turkit: Tools for iterative tasks on Mechanical Turk. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation, 29–30. Paris, France: Association for Computing Machinery.
   Google Scholar
• McKenna, K. Y. A., A. S. Green, and M. E. J. Gleason. 2002. Relationship formation on the Internet: What’s the big attraction? Journal of Social Issues 58 (1):9–31. doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesch, G. S., and I. Talmud. 2006. Online friendship formation, communication channels, and social closeness. International Journal of Internet Science 1 (1):29–44.
   Google Scholar
• Mouw, T. 2003. Social capital and finding a job: Do contacts matter? American Sociological Review 68 (6):868–98. doi:10.2307/1519749
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Center for Education Statistics. n.d. Nontraditional undergraduates: Definitions and data. https://nces.ed.gov/pubs/web/97578e.asp ( accessed December 14, 2015).
   Google Scholar
• National Student Clearinghouse. 2014. Current term enrollment report: Fall 2014. https://nscresearchcenter.org/currenttermenrollmentestimate-fall2014/ (accessed August 13, 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Oztok, M., D. Zingaro, A. Makos, C. Brett, and J. Hewitt. 2015. Capitalizing on social presence: The relationship between social capital and social presence. The Internet and Higher Education 26:19–24. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paechter, M., and B. Maier. 2010. Online or face-to-face? Students’ experiences and preferences in e-learning. The Internet and Higher Education 13 (4):292–97. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2010.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paolacci, G., and J. Chandler. 2014. Inside the turk: Understanding Mechanical Turk as a participant pool. Current Directions in Psychological Science 23 (3):184–88. doi:10.1177/0963721414531598
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paolacci, G., J. Chandler, and P. G. Ipeirotis. 2010. Running experiments on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Judgment and Decision Making 5 (5):411–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pew. 2014. Internet user demographics. http://www.pewinternet.org/data-trend/internet-use/latest-stats/ (accessed November 3, 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Pollet, T. V., S. G. B. Roberts, and R. I. M. Dunbar. 2011. Extraverts have larger social network layers. Journal of Individual Differences 32 (3):161–69. doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portes, A. 1998. Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annual Review of Sociology 24 (1):1–24. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rammstedt, B., and O. P. John. 2007. Measuring personality in one minute or less: A 10-item short version of the big five inventory in English and German. Journal of Research in Personality 41 (1):203–12. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Right Management. 2013. Networking, not Internet cruising, still lands most jobs for those in career transition. http://www.right.com/wps/wcm/connect/right-us-en/home/thoughtwire/categories/talent-work/networking-not-internet-cruising-still-lands-most-jobs-for-those-in-career-transition ( accessed September 1, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• Ross, J., L. Irani, M. S. Silberman, A. Zaldivar, and B. Tomlinson. 2010. Who are the crowdworkers? Shifting demographics in Mechanical Turk. In Proceedings of CHI 2010, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. Atlanta, GA: ACM.
   Google Scholar
• Schoenacher, S. R. 2009. Building social capital through online class discussions: A little freedom goes a long way. Journal of Educational Technology Systems 37 (3):291–304. doi:10.2190/ET.37.3.e
   Google Scholar
• Shea, P., C. S. Li, and A. Pickett. 2006. A study of teaching presence and student sense of learning community in fully online and web-enhanced college courses. The Internet and Higher Education 9 (3):175–90. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2006.06.005
   Google Scholar
• Smith, G. G., C. Sorensen, A. Gump, A. J. Heindel, M. Caris, and C. D. Martinez. 2011. Overcoming student resistance to group work: Online versus face-to-face. The Internet and Higher Education 14 (2):121–28. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2010.09.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stock, J. H., and M. W. Watson. 2012. Introduction to econometrics, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.
   Google Scholar
• Stock, J. H., J. H. Wright, and M. Yogo. 2002. A survey of weak instruments and weak identification in generalized method of moments. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 20 (4):518–29. doi:10.1198/073500102288618658
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taggart, G., J. M. Stritch, and B. Bozeman. 2015. National Administrative Studies Project (NASP)–Citizen: Waive 1 [data file and codebook]. Phoenix, AZ: Center for Organization Research and Design (CORD), Arizona State University.
   Google Scholar
• Tziner, A., E. Vered, and L. Ophir. 2004. Predictors of job search intensity among college graduates. Journal of Career Assessment 12 (3):332–44. doi:10.1177/1069072704266677 (accessed December 14, 2015).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. Selected characteristics 2014 American Community Survey 1-year estimates. http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults.xhtml?refresh=t
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Education. 2014. Obama administration announces final rules to protect students from poor-performing career college programs [press releases]. http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/obama-administration-announces-final-rules-protect-students-poor-performing-care ( accessed December 15, 2014).
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Education. n.d. College scorecard. https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/ ( accessed December 14, 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Wanberg, C. R., R. Kanfer, and J. T. Banas. 2000. Predictors and outcomes of networking intensity among unemployed job seekers. Journal of Applied Psychology 85 (4):491–503. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zupek, R. 2010. Employers on online education. http://www.cnn.com/2010/LIVING/worklife/03/29/cb.employers.online.education/ ( accessed August 18, 2015).
   Google Scholar