Polydatin inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response in BV2 microglia by disrupting the formation of lipid rafts

References

• Guo LH, Schluesener HJ. The innate immunity of the central nervous system in chronic pain: the role of Toll-like receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007;64(9):1128–1136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanisch UK, Kettenmann H. Microglia: active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain. Nat Neurosci. 2007;10(11):1387–1394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivest S. Regulation of innate immune responses in the brain. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(6):429–439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mizuno T, Kuno R, Nitta A, et al. Protective effects of nicergoline against neuronal cell death induced by activated microglia and astrocytes. Brain Res. 2005;1066(1–2):78–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nam KN, Choi YS, Jung HJ, et al. Genipin inhibits the inflammatory response of rat brain microglial cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010;10(4):493–499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tansey MG, Goldberg MS. Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: its role in neuronal death and implications for therapeutic intervention. Neurobiol Dis. 2010;37(3):510–518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen WW, Zhang X, Huang WJ. Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases (review). Mol Med Rep. 2016;13(4):3391–3396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao HM, Liu B, Zhang W, et al. Novel anti-inflammatory therapy for Parkinson's disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2003;24(8):395–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du QH, Peng C, Zhang H. Polydatin: a review of pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. Pharm Biol. 2013;51(11):1347–1354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang LP, Yang CY, Wang YP, et al. Protective effect of polydatin against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat heart, Sheng li xue bao. Acta Physiol Sin. 2008;60(2):161–168.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jiang Q, Yi M, Guo Q, et al. Protective effects of polydatin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through TLR4–MyD88–NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015;29(2):370–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lou T, Jiang W, Xu D, et al. Inhibitory effects of polydatin on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Inflammation. 2015;38(3):1213–1220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Q, Huang HX, Jin CH. Protective effect of polydatin against lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial injury. Di Yi Jun Yi Da Xue Xue Bao. 2003;23(4):364–366.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu MJ, Gong X, Jiang R, et al. Polydatin protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in d-galactosamine-sensitized mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012;25(4):923–934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li RP, Wang ZZ, Sun MX, et al. Polydatin protects learning and memory impairments in a rat model of vascular dementia. Phytomedicine. 2012;19(8–9):677–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WS, Rahmanto AS, Kamili A, et al. Role of ABCG1 and ABCA1 in regulation of neuronal cholesterol efflux to apolipoprotein E discs and suppression of amyloid-beta peptide generation. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(5):2851–2861.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu B, Hong JS. Role of microglia in inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and strategies for therapeutic intervention. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;304(1):1–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith JA, Das A, Ray SK, et al. Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Res Bull. 2012;87(1):10–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandenburg LO, Kipp M, Lucius R, et al. Sulforaphane suppresses LPS-induced inflammation in primary rat microglia. Inflamm Res. 2010;59(6):443–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitney NP, Eidem TM, Peng H, et al. Inflammation mediates varying effects in neurogenesis: relevance to the pathogenesis of brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurochem. 2009;108(6):1343–1359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L. Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiol Rev. 2007;87(1):315–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckman JS. Oxidative damage and tyrosine nitration from peroxynitrite. Chem Res Toxicol. 1996;9(5):836–844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Q, Verma IM. NF-kappaB regulation in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2002;2(10):725–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattson MP, Camandola S. NF-kappaB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders. J Clin Invest. 2001;107(3):247–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi S, Xin Y, Guo Y, et al. Ampelopsin reduces endotoxic inflammation via repressing ROS-mediated activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol. 2012;12(1):278–287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee KW, Jung SY, Choi SM, et al. Effects of ginsenoside Re on LPS-induced inflammatory mediators in BV2 microglial cells. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12:196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko W, Kim KW, Quang TH, et al. Cudraflavanone B isolated from the root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses by downregulating NF-kappaB and ERK MAPK signaling pathways in RAW264.7 macrophages and BV2 microglia. Inflammation. 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng P, Tian X, Zhang W, et al. Rhein suppresses neuroinflammation via multiple signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020:7210627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan AM, Oram JF. ABCA1 and ABCG1 or ABCG4 act sequentially to remove cellular cholesterol and generate cholesterol-rich HDL. J Lipid Res. 2006;47(11):2433–2443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar