Chemical inhibition of epibiota by Australian seaweeds

References

• Battista , P J . 1995 . Antifouling compounds from the red alga Laurencia obtusa , Australia : University of Newcastle . Honours Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Becker , K and Wahl , M . 1991 . Influence of substratum surface tension on biofouling of artificial substrata in Kiel Bay (Western Baltic): in situ studies . Biofouling , 4 : 275 – 291 .
   Google Scholar
• Blackman , A J , Rogers , G I and Volkman , J K . 1988 . Phloroglucinol derivatives from the three Australian marine algae of the genus Zonaria . J Nat Prod , 51 : 158 – 160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blount , J F , Dunlop , R W , Erickson , K L and Wells , R J . 1982 . Two diterpenes with new carbocyclic ring systems from an Australian collection of the brown alga Dictyota dichotoma . Aust J Chem , 35 : 145 – 163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , D J and Carlson , M L . 1984 . Reassessment of exudation by fucoid macroalgae . Limnol Oceanogr , 29 : 1077 – 1087 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clare , A S . 1996 . Marine natural product antifoulants: status and potential . Biofouling , 9 : 211 – 229 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , A R and Wright , A E . 1989 . Interspecific differences in fouling of two congeneric ascidians (Eudistoma olivaceum and E. capsulatum): is surface acidity an effective defense? . Mar Biol , 102 : 491 – 497 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , A R , Targett , N M , McConnell , O J and Young , C M . 1989 . Epibiosis of marine algae and benthic invertebrates: natural products chemistry and other mechanisms inhibiting settlement and overgrowth . Bioorg Mar Chem , 3 : 86 – 114 .
   Google Scholar
• de Nys , R , Wright , A D , Konig , G M and Sticher , O . 1993 . New halogenated furanones from the marine alga Delisea pulchra (cf. fimbriata) . Tetrahedron , 49 : 11213 – 11220 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Nys , R , Steinberg , P D , Rogers , C N , Charlton , T S and Duncan , M W . 1996a . Quantitative variation of secondary metabolites in the sea hare Aplysia parvula and its host plant, Delisea pulchra . Mar Ecol Prog Ser , 130 : 135 – 146 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Nys , R , Leya , T , Afsar , A , Nair , P S R and Steinberg , P D . 1996b . The need for standardized broad scale bioassay testing: a case study using the red alga Laurencia rigida . Biofouling , 10 : 213 – 224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Nys , R , Steinberg , P D , Willemsen , P , Dworjanyn , S A , Gabelish , C L and King , R J . 1995 . Broad spectrum effects of secondary metabolites from the red alga Delisea pulchra in antifouling assays . Biofouling , 8 : 250 – 271 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eberl , L , Winson , M K , Sternberg , C , Stewart , G S A B , Christiansen Chhabra , S R , Dycroft , B , Williams , P , Molin , S and Givskov , M . 1996 . Involvement of N‐acyl‐L‐homoserine lactone autoinducers in controlling the multicellular behaviour of Serratia liquefaciens . Mol Microbiol , 20 : 127 – 136 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuqua , C , Winans , S C and Greenberg , E P . 1996 . Census and consensus in bacterial ecosystems: the LuxR‐LuxI family of quorum‐sensing transcriptional regulators . Annu Rev Microbiol , 50 : 727 – 751 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Givskov , M , De Nys , R , Manefield , M , Gram , L , Maximilien , R , Eberl , L , Molin , S , Steinberg , P D and Kjelleberg , S . 1996 . Eukaryotic interference with homoserine lactone mediated procaryotic signalling . J Bacteriol , 178 : 6618 – 6622 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gram , L , De Nys , R , Maximilien , R , Givskov , M , Steinberg , P and Kjelleberg , S . 1996 . Inhibitory effects of secondary metabolites from the red alga Delisea pulchra on swarming motility of Proteus mirabilis . Appl Environ Microbiol , 62 : 4284 – 4287 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison , P G . 1982 . Control of microbial growth and of amphipod grazing by water‐soluble compounds from leaves of Zostera marina . Mar Biol , 67 : 225 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison , P G and Durance , C . 1989 . Seasonal variation in phenolic content of eelgrass shoots . Aquat Bot , 35 : 409 – 413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harshey , R M . 1994 . Bees aren't the only ones: swarming in Gram‐negative bacteria . Mol Microbiol , 13 : 389 – 394 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hay , M E and Steinberg , P D . 1992 . “ The chemical ecology of plant‐herbivore interactions in marine versus terrestrial communities ” . In Herbivores: Their Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites. Volume 2: Ecological and Evolutionary Processes , Edited by: Rosenthal , G A and Berembaum , M . 371 – 413 . San Diego : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hay , M E , Duffy , J E and Fenical , W . Seaweed chemical defenses: among‐compound and among‐herbivore variance . Proc 6th Int Coral Reef Symp . Vol. 3 , pp. 43 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Henrikson , A A and Pawlik , J R . 1995 . A new antifouling assay method; results from field, experiments using extracts of four marine organisms . J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , 194 : 157 – 165 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henrikson , A A and Pawlik , J R . 1998 . Seasonal variation in biofouling of gels containing extracts of marine organisms . Biofouling , 12 : 245 – 255 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings , J G and Steinberg , P D . 1994 . In situ exudation of phlorotannins from the sublittoral kelp Ecklonia radiata . Mar Biol , 121 : 349 – 354 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings , J G and Steinberg , P D . 1997 . Phlorotannins vs other factors affecting epiphyte abundance on the kelp Ecklonia radiata . Oecologia , 109 : 461 – 473 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazlauskas , R , Murphy , P T , Quinn , R J and Wells , R J . 1977 . A new class of halogenated lactones from the red alga Delisea fimbriata (Bonnemaisoniaceae) . Tetrahedron Lett , 1 : 37 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Kell , D B , Kaprelyants , A S and Grafen , A . 1995 . Pheromones, social behaviour and the functions of secondary metabolism in bacteria . Trends Ecol & Evol , 10 : 126 – 129 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morse , ANC . 1991 . How do planktonic larvae know where to settle? . Am Scientist , 79 : 154 – 167 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray , M D and Darvell , B W . 1990 . A protocol for contact angle measurement . J Phys D Appl Phys , 23 : 1150 – 1155 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul , V J and Fenical , W . 1987 . “ Natural products chemistry and chemical defense in tropical green algae of the phylum Chlorophyta ” . In Bioorganic Marine Chemistry , Edited by: Scheuer , P J . 1 – 29 . Berlin : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Pawlik , J R . 1992 . Chemical ecology of the settlement of benthic marine invertebrates . Oceanogr Mar Biol Ann Rev , 30 : 273 – 335 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ragan , M A and Glombitza , K‐W . 1986 . Phlorotannins, brown algal polyphenols . Prog Phycol Res , 4 : 129 – 241 .
   Google Scholar
• Ragan , M A and Jensen , A . 1979 . Quantitative studies of brown algal polyphenols. III. Light mediated exudation of polyphenols from Ascohphyllum nodosum (L.) Le Jol . J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , 36 : 91 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravi , B N and Wells , R J . 1982 . A series of new diterpenes from the brown alga Dilophus marginatus (Dictyotaceae) . Aust J Chem , 35 : 129 – 144 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rittschof , D and Costlow , J D . Topics in Marine Biology . Proc 22nd Eur Mar Biol Symp Scientia . Marina. Bryozoan and barnacle settlement in relation to initial surface wettability: a comparison of laboratory and field studies , Edited by: Ros , J D . Vol. 53 , pp. 411 – 416 .
   Google Scholar
• Rittschof , D , Hooper , I R and Costlow , J D . 1986 . Barnacle settlement inhibitors from sea pansies, Renilla reniformis . Bull Mar Sci , 39 : 376 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rittschof , D , Hooper , I R , Branscomb , E S and Costlow , J D . 1985 . Inhibition of barnacle settlement and behavior by natural products from whip corals, Leptogorgia virgulata (Lamarck, 1815) . J Chem Ecol , 11 : 551 – 563 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rittschof , D , Clare , A S , Gerhart , D J , Sister Avelin , M and Bonaventura , J . 1992 . Barnacle in vitro assays for biologically active substances: toxicity and settlement inhibition assays using mass cultured Balanus amphitrite amphitrite Darwin . Biofouling , 6 : 115 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , C N , Steinberg , P D and De Nys , R . 1995 . Factors associated with oligophagy in two species of sea hares (Mollusca: Anaspidae) . J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , 192 : 47 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt , T M , Hay , M E and Lindquist , N . 1995 . Constraints on chemically mediated coevolution: multiple functions for seaweed secondary metabolites . Ecology , 76 : 107 – 123 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider , R P , Chadwick , B P , Pembrey , R , Jankowski , J and Acworth , I . 1994 . Retention of the Gram‐negative bacterium SW8 on surfaces under conditions relevant to the subsurface environment: effects of conditioning films and substratum nature . FEMS Microbiol Ecol , 14 : 243 – 254 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sieburth , J M and Conover , J T . 1965 . Sargassum tannin, an antibiotic which retards fouling . Nature , 208 : 52 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slattery , M , McClintock , J B and Heine , J N . 1995 . Chemical defenses in Antarctic soft corals: evidence for antifouling compounds . J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , 190 : 61 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg , P D . 1989 . Biogeographical variation in brown algal polyphenolics and other secondary metabolites: comparison between temperate Australasia and North America . Oecologia , 78 : 374 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swift , S , Bainton , N J and Winson , M K . 1994 . Gram‐negative bacterial communication by N‐acyl homoserine lactones: a universal language? . Trends Microbiol , 2 : 193 – 198 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Swift , S , Throup , J P , Williams , P , Salmond , G P C and Stewart , G S A B . 1996 . Quorum sensing: a population‐density component in the determination of bacterial phenotype . Trends Biochem Sci , 21 : 214 – 219 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Targett , N M and Stochaj , W R . 1994 . “ Natural antifoulants and their analogs: applying nature's defense strategies to problems of biofouling control ” . In Recent Developments in Biofouling Control , Edited by: Thompson , M F , Nagabhushanam , R , Sarojini , R and Fingerman , M . 221 – 227 . Rotterdam : AA Balkema .
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , J E , Barrow , K D and Faulkner , D J . 1983 . Localization of two brominated metabolites, aerothionin and homoaerothionin, in spherulous cells of the marine sponge Aplysina fistularis (= Verongia thiona) . Acta Zool (Stockh) , 64 : 199 – 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Todd , J S , Zimmerman , R C , Crews , P and Alberte , R S . 1993 . The antifouling activity of natural and synthetic phenolic acid sulphate esters . Phytochem , 34 : 401 – 404 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugwell , S and Branch , G M . 1989 . Differential polyphenolic distribution among tissues in the kelps Ecklonia maxima, Laminaria paluda and Macrocystis angustifolia in relation to plant‐defence theory . J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , 129 : 219 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Underwood , A J , Kingsford , M J and Andrew , N L . 1991 . Patterns in shallow subtidal marine assemblages along the coast of New South Wales . Aust J Ecol , 6 : 231 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Altena , I A and Steinberg , P D . 1992 . Are differences in the responses between North American and Australasian marine herbivores to phlorotannins due to differences in phlorotannin structure? . Biochem Syst Ecol , 20 : 493 – 499 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrolijk , N H , Targett , N M , Baier , R E and Meyer , A E . 1990 . Surface characterisation of two gorgonian coral species: implications for a natural antifouling defence . Biofouling , 2 : 39 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Wahl , M . 1989 . Marine epibiosis. I. Fouling and antifouling: some basic aspects . Mar Ecol Prog Ser , 58 : 175 – 189 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahl , M , Jensen , P R and Fenical , W . 1994 . Chemical control of bacterial epibiosis on ascidians . Mar Ecol Prog Ser , 110 : 45 – 57 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker , R P , Thompson , J E and Faulkner , D J . 1985 . Exudation of biologically‐active metabolites in the sponge Aplysina fistularis. II. Chemical evidence . Mar Biol , 88 : 27 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler , W N . 1980 . Effect of boundary layer transport on the fixation of carbon by the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera . Mar Biol , 56 : 103 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolk , C P . 1968 . Role of bromine in the formation of the refractile inclusions of the vesicle cells of the Bonnemaisoniaceae (Rhodophyta) . Planta , 78 : 371 – 378 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , D N , Howard , B M and Fenical , W . 1980 . Subcellular localization of brominated secondary metabolites in the red alga Laurencia snyderae . J. Phycol , 16 : 182 – 185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corresponding author; fax: 61 (2) 966 22913; e‐mail [email protected]
   Google Scholar