The Relation Between Pet Ownership, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms in Late Life: Propensity Score Matched Analyses

References

• Allman, R. M., Sawyer, P., & Roseman, J. M. (2006). The UAB Study of Aging: Background and insights into life-space mobility among older Americans in rural and urban settings. Aging Health, 2(3), 417–429. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2217/1745509X.2.3.417.
   Google Scholar
• American Pet Products Association. (2019). APPA releases findings from new 2019–2020 national pet owners survey. https://www.americanpetproducts.org/press_releasedetail.asp?id=192.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, P. C., Trigg, J. L., Godber, T., & Brown, C. (2015). An experience sampling approach to investigating associations between pet presence and indicators of psychological wellbeing and mood in older Australians. Anthrozoös, 28(3), 403–420. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.2015.1052266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergen-Cico, D., Smith, Y., Wolford, K., Gooley, C., Hannon, K., Woodruff, R., Spicer, M., & Gump, B. (2018). Dog ownership and training reduces post-traumatic stress symptoms and increases self-compassion among veterans: Results of a longitudinal control study. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 24(12), 1166–1175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2018.0179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brook, R. H., Ware, J. E., & Davies-Avery, A. (1979). Overview of adult health status measures fielded in Rand’s health insurance study. Medical Care, 17(8), 868. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-197908000-00009
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carr, D. C., Taylor, M. G., Gee, N. R., & Sachs-Ericsson, N. (2019). Psychological health benefits of companion animals following a social loss. The Gerontologist, 60(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandler, C. K., Fernando, D. M., Barrio Minton, C. A., & Portrie-Bethke, T. L. (2015). Eight domains of pet-owner wellness: Valuing the owner-pet relationship in the counseling process. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 37(3), 268–282. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.37.3.06
   Google Scholar
• Crossman, M. K., & Kazdin, A. E. (2016). Additional evidence is needed to recommend acquiring a dog to families of children with Autism spectrum disorder: A response to wright and colleagues. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(1), 332–335. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2542-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enmarker, I., Hellzén, O., Ekker, K., & Berg, A. G. T. (2015). Depression in older cat and dog owners: The nord-trøndelag health study (HUNT)-3. Aging and Mental Health, 19(4), 347–352. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.933310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, Z., Dibben, C., Witham, M. D., Donnan, P. T., Vadiveloo, T., Sniehotta, F., Crombie, I. K., & McMurdo, M. E. T. (2014). Dog ownership and physical activity in later life: A cross-sectional observational study. Preventive Medicine, 66, 101–106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedmann, E., Gee, N. R., Simonsick, E., & Simonsick, S. (2018). Pet ownership patterns in community-living older adults. Innovation in Aging, 2(S1), 974. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy031.3607
   Google Scholar
• Gee, N. R., & Mueller, M. K. (2019). A systematic review of research on pet ownership and animal interactions among older adults. Anthrozoös, 32(2), 183–207. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.2019.1569903
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González Ramírez, M. T., & Landero Hernández, R. (2014). Benefits of dog ownership: Comparative study of equivalent samples. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 9(6), 311–315. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2014.08.002
   Google Scholar
• Gretebeck, K. A., Radius, K., Black, D. R., Gretebeck, R. J., Ziemba, R., & Glickman, L. T. (2013). Dog ownership, functional ability, and walking in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10(5), 646–655. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.10.5.646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, D. E., Imai, K., King, G., & Stuart, E. A. (2011). Matchit: Nonparametric preprocessing for parametric causal inference. Journal of Statistical Software, 42(8), 1–28. https://doi.org/http://www.jstatsoft.org/v42/i08/.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Likourezos, A., Burack, O. R., & Lantz, M. S. (2002). The therapeutic use of companion animals. Clinical Geriatrics, 10(4), 31–33.
   Google Scholar
• McConnell, A. R., Brown, C. M., Shoda, T. M., Stayton, L. E., & Martin, C. E. (2011). Friends with benefits: On the positive consequences of pet ownership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(6), 1239–1252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meenan, R. F., Gertman, P. M., & Mason, J. H. (1980). Measuring health status in arthritis: The arthritis impact measurement scales. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 23(2), 146–152. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780230203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meenan, R. F., Mason, J. H., Anderson, J. J., Guccione, A. A., & Kazis, L. E. (1992). AIMS2: the content and properties of a revised and expanded arthritis impact measurement scales health status questionnaire. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 35(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780350102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miltiades, H., & Shearer, J. (2011). Attachment to pet dogs and depression in rural older adults. Anthrozoös, 24(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2752/175303711X12998632257585
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, M. K., Gee, N. R., & Bures, R. M. (2018). Human–animal interaction as a social determinant of health: Descriptive findings from the health and retirement study. BMC Public Health, 18(305), 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5188-0.
   Google Scholar
• Netting, E. F., Wilson, C. C., & Fruge, C. (1988). Pet ownership and nonownership among elderly in arizona. Anthrozoös, 2(2), 125–132. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2752/089279389787058154
   Google Scholar
• O’Haire, M. E., & Rodriguez, K. E. (2018). Preliminary efficacy of service dogs as a complementary treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in military members and veterans. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 86(2), 179–188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, G. B., Gayed, A., Owen, C. A., Hyett, M. P., Hilton, T. M., & Heruc, G. A. (2010). Survival following an acute coronary syndrome: A pet theory put to the test. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 121(1), 65–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01410.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parslow, R. A., Rodgers, B., Jorm, A. F., Jacomb, P., & Christensen, H. (2005). Pet ownership and health in older adults: Findings from a survey of 2,551 community-based Australians aged 60–64. Gerontology, 51(1), 40–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1159/000081433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peacock, M., Netto, J., Yeung, P., McVeigh, J., & Hill, A.-M. (2019). Understanding the relationship between pet ownership and physical activity among older community-dwelling adults—A mixed methods study. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 28(1), 131–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2019-0056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peel, C., Sawyer Baker, P., Roth, D. L., Brown, C. J., Brodner, E. V., & Allman, R. M. (2005). Assessing mobility in older adults: The UAB Study of aging life-space assessment. Physical Therapy, 85(10), 1008–1019. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/85.10.1008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raina, P., Waltner-Toews, D., Bonnett, B., Woodward, C., & Abernathy, T. (1999). Influence of companion animals on the physical and psychological health of older people: An analysis of a one-year longitudinal study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47(3), 323–329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb02996.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Research and Markets. (2017). Pet population and ownership trends in the U.S.: Dogs, cats, and other pets, 2nd ed. Retrieved November 14, 2019, from https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/f9ws72/pet_population.
   Google Scholar
• Saunders, J., Parast, L., Babey, S. H., & Miles, J. V. (2017). Exploring the differences between pet and non-pet owners: Implications for human–animal interaction research and policy. PLoS ONE, 12(6), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179494
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharpley, C., Veronese, N., Smith, L., López-Sánchez, G. F., Bitsika, V., Demurtas, J., Celotto, S., Noventa, V., Soysal, P., Isik, A. T., Grabovac, I., & Jackson, S. E. (2020). Pet ownership and symptoms of depression: A prospective study of older adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 264(November), 35–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.134
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sheikh, J. I., & Yesavage, J. A. (1986). Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontologist, 5(1–2), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1300/J018v05n01_09
   Google Scholar
• Stanley, I. H., Conwell, Y., Bowen, C., & Van Orden, K. A. (2014). Pet ownership may attenuate loneliness among older adult primary care patients who live alone. Aging & Mental Health, 18(3), 394–399. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.837147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugawara, A., Masud, M. M., Yokoyama, A., Mizutani, W., Watanuki, S., Yanai, K., Itoh, M., & Tashiro, M. (2012). Effects of presence of a familiar pet dog on regional cerebral activity in healthy volunteers: A positron emission tomography study. Anthrozoös, 25(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2752/175303712X13240472427311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taniguchi, Y., Seino, S., Nishi, M., Tomine, Y., Tanaka, I., Yokoyama, Y., Amano, H., Kitamura, A., & Shinkkai, S. (2018). Physical, social, and psychological characteristics of community-dwelling elderly Japanese dog and cat owners. PLoS ONE, 13(11), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206399
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorpe, R. J., Kreisle, R. A., Glickman, L. T., Simonsick, E. M., Newman, A. B., & Kritchevsky, S. (2006). Physical activity and pet ownership in year 3 of the health ABC study. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 14(2), 154–168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.14.2.154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winefield, H. R., Black, A., & Chur-Hansen, A. (2008). Health effects of ownership of and attachment to companion animals in an older population. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(4), 303–310. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10705500802365532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarborough, B. J. H., Owen-Smith, A. A., Stumbo, S. P., Yarborough, M. T., Perrin, N. A., & Green, C. A. (2017). An observational study of service dogs for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatric Services, 68(7), 730–734. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201500383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar