Doubt Begets Doubt: Causal Uncertainty as a Predictor of Relational Uncertainty in Romantic Relationships

References

• Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York, NY: Hoeber.
   Google Scholar
• Boucher, E. M. & Bassett, T. (2013, January). Causal uncertainty effects in close friendships. Poster presented at the 14th annual meeting the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, LA.
   Google Scholar
• Boucher, E. M. & Jacobson, J. A. (2010, January). Longitudinal effects of causal uncertainty and importance of causal understanding on uncertainty reduction in same-sex friendships. Poster presented at the 11th annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, NV.
   Google Scholar
• Boucher, E. M. & Jacobson, J. A. (2012). Causal uncertainty during initial interactions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 652–663. doi:10.1002/ejsp.1876
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dainton, M. (2003). Equity and uncertainty in relational maintenance. Western Journal of Communication, 67, 164–186. doi:10.1080/10570310309374765
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, W. (1994). The acquaintanceship process: An examination of uncertainty, information-seeking, and social attraction during initial conversation. Communication Research, 21, 154–176. doi:10.1177/009365094021002002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards, J. A., Wichman, A. L. & Weary, G. (2009). Causal uncertainty as a chronically accessible construct. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 694–706. doi:10.1002/ejsp.567
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher, G. J. O., Simpson, J. A. & Thomas, G. (2000). The measurement of perceived relationship quality components: A confirmatory factor analytic approach. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 340–354. doi:10.1177/0146167200265007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraley, R. C., Heffernan, M. E., Vicary, A. M. & Brumbaugh, C. C. (2011). The experiences in close relationships—relationship structures questionnaire: A method for assessing attachment orientations across relationships. Psychological Assessment, 23, 615–625. doi:10.1037/a0022898
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobson, J. A. (2007). The relationship among causal uncertainty, reassurance seeking, and dysphoria. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26, 922–939. doi:10.1521/jscp.2007.26.8.922
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kashy, D. A. & Kenny, D. A. (2000). The analysis of data from dyads and groups. In H. T. Reis & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (pp. 451–477). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kellermann, K. & Reynolds, R. (1990). When ignorance is bliss: The role of motivation to reduce uncertainty in uncertainty reduction theory. Human Communication Research, 17, 5–75. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1990.tb00226.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. (2007). The dark side of relational uncertainty: Obstacle or opportunity. In B. H. Spitzberg & W. R. Cupach (Eds.), The dark side of interpersonal communication (2nd ed., pp. 31–60). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. (2008). The content of relational uncertainty within marriage. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 25, 467–495. doi:10.1177/0265407508090869
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K., Knobloch-Fedders, L. M. & Durbin, C. E. (2011). Depressive symptoms and relational uncertainty as predictors of reassurance-seeking and negative feedback-seeking in conversation. Communication Monographs, 78, 437–462. doi:10.1080/03637751.2011.618137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. & Solomon, D. H. (1999). Measuring the sources and content of relational uncertainty. Communication Studies, 50, 261–278. doi:10.1080/10510979909388499
   Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. & Solomon, D. H. (2002a). Information seeking beyond initial interaction: Negotiating relational uncertainty within close relationships. Human Communication Research, 28, 243–257. doi:10.1093/hcr/28.2.243
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. & Solomon, D. H. (2002b). Intimacy and the magnitude and experience of episodic relational uncertainty within romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 9, 457–478. doi:10.1111/1475-6811.09406
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K., Solomon, D. H. & Cruz, M. G. (2001). The role of relationship development and attachment in the experience of romantic jealousy. Personal Relationships, 8, 205–224. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2001.tb00036.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. & Theiss, J. A. (2010). An actor-partner interdependence model of relational turbulence: Cognitions and emotions. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27, 595–619. doi:10.1177/0265407510368967
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch, L. K. & Theiss, J. A. (2011). Relational uncertainty and relationship talk within courtship: A longitudinal actor-partner interdependence model. Communication Monographs, 78, 3–26. doi:10.1080/03637751.2010.542471
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ledermann, T., Macho, S. & Kenny, D. A. (2011). Assessing mediation in dyadic data using the actor-partner interdependence model. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 18, 595–612. doi:10.1080/10705511.2011.607099
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Passey, J., Jacobson, J. A., Edwards, K. & Hickey, A. J. (2008, February). The relationship of causal uncertainty to adult attachment qualities and rejection sensitivity. Poster presented at the 9th annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Albuquerque, NM.
   Google Scholar
• Solomon, D. H. & Theiss, J. A. (2008). A longitudinal test of the relational turbulence model of romantic relationship development. Personal Relationships, 15, 339–357. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2008.00202.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theiss, J. A. & Knobloch, L. K. (2009). An actor-partner interdependence model of irritations in romantic relationships. Communication Research, 36, 510–537. doi:10.1177/0093650209333033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theiss, J. A. & Nagy, M. E. (2010). Actor-partner effects in the associations between relationship characteristics and reactions to marital sexual intimacy. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27, 1089–1109. doi:10.1177/0265407510381254
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theiss, J. A. & Solomon, D. H. (2006). Coupling longitudinal data and multilevel modeling to examine the antecedents and consequences of jealousy experiences in romantic relationships: A test of the relational turbulence model. Human Communication Research, 32, 469–503. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2006.00284.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weary, G. & Edwards, J. A. (1994). Individual differences in causal uncertainty. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 308–318. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weary, G. & Edwards, J. A. (1996). Causal uncertainty beliefs and related goal structures. In R. Sorrentino & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition: The interpersonal context (Vol. 3, pp. 148–181). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Weary, G., Tobin, S. J. & Edwards, J. A. (2010). The causal uncertainty model revisited. In R. M. Arkin K. C. Oleson & P. J. Carroll (Eds.), Handbook of the uncertain self (pp. 78–100). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• West, T. V., Popp, D. & Kenny, D. A. (2008). A guide for the estimation of gender and sexual orientation effects in dyadic data: An actor-partner interdependence model approach. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 321–336. doi:10.1177/0146167207311199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar