Black Race and Body Mass Index Are Risk Factors for Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury in Trauma

REFERENCES

• Huerta-Alardin AL, Varon J, Marik PE. Bench-to-bedside review: rhabdomyolysis—an overview for clinicians. Crit Care. 2005;9(2):158–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves EJ, Gillum BS. Detailed diagnoses and procedures, National Hospital Discharge Survey, 1995. Vital and health statistics Series 13, Data from the National Health Survey. 1997(130):1–146.
   Google Scholar
• Sauret JM, Marinides G, Wang GK. Rhabdomyolysis. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(5):907–912.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petejova N, Martinek A. Acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis and renal replacement therapy: a critical review. Crit Care. 2014;18(3):224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bessa O. Jr,. Alcoholic rhabdomyolysis: a review. Conn Med. 1995;59(9):519–521.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Line RL, Rust GS. Acute exertional rhabdomyolysis. Am Fam Physician. 1995;52(2):502–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biswas S, Gnanasekaran I, Ivatury RR, Simon R, Patel AN. Exaggerated lithotomy position-related rhabdomyolysis. Am Surg. 1997;63(4):361–364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson DA, Deuster PA, Carter R, Hill OT, Wolcott VL, Kurina LM. Sickle cell trait, rhabdomyolysis, and mortality among U.S. army soldiers. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(5):435–442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill OT, Scofield DE, Usedom J, et al. Risk factors for rhabdomyolysis in the U.S. army. Mil Med. 2017;182(7):e1836–e1e41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan JL, Imai T, Barmparas G, et al. Rhabdomyolysis in obese trauma patients. Am Surg. 2014;80(10):1012–1017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American College of Surgeons. National Trauma Data Bank. American College of Surgeons. 2016. https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/trauma/ntdb
   Google Scholar
• Van Arendonk KJ, Schneider EB, Haider AH, Colombani PM, Stewart FD, Haut ER. Venous thromboembolism after trauma: when do children become adults? JAMA Surg. 2013;148(12):1123–1130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C. The medical care costs of obesity: an instrumental variables approach. J Health Econ. 2012;31(1):219–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384(9945):766–781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakravartty S, Sarma DR, Patel AG. Rhabdomyolysis in bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Obes Surg. 2013;23(8):1333.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelz RR, Reinke CE, Zubizarreta JR, et al. Acute kidney injury, renal function, and the elderly obese surgical patient: a matched case-control study. Ann Surg. 2013;258(2):359–363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shashaty MG, Meyer NJ, Localio AR, et al. African American race, obesity, and blood product transfusion are risk factors for acute kidney injury in critically ill trauma patients. J Crit Care. 2012;27(5):496–504.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Criddle LM. Rhabdomyolysis. Pathophysiology, recognition, and management. Crit Care Nurse. 2003;23(6):14–22. 4–6, 8 passim; quiz 31-2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nelson J, Billeter AT, Seifert B, et al. Obese trauma patients are at increased risk of early hypovolemic shock: a retrospective cohort analysis of 1,084 severely injured patients. Crit Care. 2012;16(3):R77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wacharasint P, Boyd JH, Russell JA, Walley KR. One size does not fit all in severe infection: obesity alters outcome, susceptibility, treatment, and inflammatory response. Crit Care. 2013;17(3):R122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bostanjian D, Anthone GJ, Hamoui N, Crookes PF. Rhabdomyolysis of gluteal muscles leading to renal failure: a potentially fatal complication of surgery in the morbidly obese. Obes Surg. 2003;13(2):302–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leditschke IA, Green M, Irvine J, Bissett B, Mitchell IA. What are the barriers to mobilizing intensive care patients? Cardiopulm Phys Ther J. 2012;23(1):26.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perme C, Chandrashekar R. Early mobility and walking program for patients in intensive care units: creating a standard of care. Am J Crit Care. 2009;18(3):212–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green M, Marzano V, Leditschke IA, Mitchell I, Bissett B. Mobilization of intensive care patients: a multidisciplinary practical guide for clinicians. J Multidiscip Healthcare. 2016;9(247):247–248.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Abreu KLS, Júnior GBS, Barreto AG, et al. Acute kidney injury after trauma: prevalence, clinical characteristics and RIFLE classification. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2010;14(3):121.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gomes E, Antunes R, Dias C, Araújo R, Costa-Pereira A. Acute kidney injury in severe trauma assessed by RIFLE criteria: a common feature without implications on mortality? Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2010;18(1):1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tietze DC, Borchers J. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in the athlete: a clinical review. Sports Health. 2014;6(4):336–339.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armed Forces Health Surveillance B. Update: exertional rhabdomyolysis, active component, U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps, 2011–2015. MSMR. 2016;23(3):21–24.
   Google Scholar
• Eichner ER. Sickle cell trait in sports. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2010;9(6):347–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones SR, Binder RA, Donowho EM. Jr., Sudden death in sickle-cell trait. N Engl J Med. 1970;282(6):323–325.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ojodu J, Hulihan MM, Pope SN, Grant AM. Incidence of sickle cell trait-United States, 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(49):1155–1158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nath KA, Hebbel RP. Sickle cell disease: renal manifestations and mechanisms. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015;11(3):161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ntyintyane LM, Panz VR, Raal FJ, Gill GV. Metabolic syndrome, undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance are highly prevalent in urbanised South African blacks with coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular J S Afr 2006;17(2):50–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boltri JM, Okosun IS, Davis-Smith M, Vogel RL. Hemoglobin A1c levels in diagnosed and undiagnosed black, Hispanic, and white persons with diabetes: results from NHANES 1999-2000. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(4):562–567.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Signorello LB, Schlundt DG, Cohen SS, et al. Comparing diabetes prevalence between African Americans and Whites of similar socioeconomic status. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(12):2260–2267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris JA, Jr., Mucha P, Jr., Ross SE, et al. Acute posttraumatic renal failure: a multicenter perspective. J Trauma. 1991;31(12):1584–1590.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vivino G, Antonelli M, Moro ML, et al. Risk factors for acute renal failure in trauma patients. Intensive Care Med. 1998;24(8):808–814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plurad D, Brown C, Chan L, Demetriades D, Rhee P. Emergency department hypotension is not an independent risk factor for post-traumatic acute renal dysfunction. J Trauma. 2006;61(5):1120–1127. Discussion 7-8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown CV, Dubose JJ, Hadjizacharia P, et al. Natural history and outcomes of renal failure after trauma. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206(3):426–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar