References
- Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424. doi:https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492.
- Leiter U, Stadler R, Mauch C, et al. Complete lymph node dissection versus no dissection in patients with sentinel lymph node biopsy positive melanoma (DeCOG-SLT): a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(6):757–767. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(16)00141-8.
- Garbe C, Peris K, Hauschild A, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline. Eur J Cancer. 2010;46(2):270–283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2009.10.032.
- Schadendorf D, van Akkooi ACJ, Berking C, et al. Melanoma. Lancet. 2018;392(10151):971–984. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31559-9.
- Gershenwald JE, Scolyer RA, Hess KR, et al. Melanoma staging: evidence-based changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(6):472–492. doi:https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21409.
- Stoffels I, Dissemond J, Körber A, et al. Reliability and cost-effectiveness of sentinel lymph node excision under local anaesthesia versus general anaesthesia for malignant melanoma: a retrospective analysis in 300 patients with malignant melanoma AJCC Stages I and II. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(3):306–310. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03786.x.
- Portelli F, Galli F, Cattaneo L, et al. The prognostic impact of the extent of ulceration in patients with clinical stage I-II melanoma: a multicentre study of the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI). Br J Dermatol. 2021;184(2):281–288. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19120.
- Wong SL, Faries MB, Kennedy EB, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy and management of regional lymph nodes in melanoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2018;136(4):399–413. doi:https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.75.7724.
- Indini A, Di Guardo L, Cimminiello C, et al. Investigating the role of immunotherapy in advanced/recurrent female genital tract melanoma: a preliminary experience. J Gynecol Oncol. 2019;30(6):e94. doi:https://doi.org/10.3802/jgo.2019.30.e94.
- Suami H, Yamashita S, Soto-Miranda MA, Chang DW. Lymphatic territories (lymphosomes) in a canine: an animal model for investigation of postoperative lymphatic alterations. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e69222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069222.
- Beasley GM, Speicher P, Sharma K, et al. Efficacy of repeat sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients who develop recurrent melanoma. J Am Coll Surg. 2014;218(4):686–692. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.12.025.
- Spillane AJ, Cheung BL, Stretch JR, et al. Proposed quality standards for regional lymph node dissections in patients with melanoma. Ann Surg. 2009;249(3):473–480. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e318194d38f.
- Spillane AJ, Winstanley J, Thompson JF. Lymph node ratio in melanoma: a marker of variation in surgical quality? Cancer. 2009;115(11):2384–2387. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24295.
- Cox CE, Bass SS, Reintgen DS. Techniques for lymphatic mapping in breast carcinoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 1999;8(3):447–468. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-3207(18)30196-0.
- Cody HSIII, Borgen PI. State-of-the-art approaches to sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: study design, patient selection, technique, and quality control at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Surg Oncol. 1999;8(2):85–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-7404(99)00029-8.
- Cox CE. Lymphatic mapping in breast cancer: combination technique. Ann Surg Oncol. 2001;8(9 Suppl):67S–70S.
- Faries MB, Thompson JF, Cochran AJ, et al. Completion dissection or observation for sentinel-node metastasis in melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(23):2211–2222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1613210.
- Testori AAE, Ribero S, Indini A, Mandalà M. Adjuvant treatment of melanoma: recent developments and future perspectives. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2019;20(6):817–827. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-019-00456-4.
- Gipponi M, Solari N, Giovinazzo D, et al. The role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with local recurrence or in-transit metastasis of melanoma. Anticancer Res. 2014;34(6):3197–3203.
- Sato A, Sakai T, Iwase T, et al. Altered lymphatic drainage patterns in re-operative sentinel lymph node biopsy for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence. Radiat Oncol. 2019;14(1):159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-019-1367-0.
- Gershenwald JE, Tseng C-H, Thompson W, et al. Improved sentinel lymph node localization in patients with primary melanoma with the use of radiolabeled colloid. Surgery. 1998;124(2):203–210. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6060(98)70121-7.
- Beasley GM, Hu Y, Youngwirth L, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for recurrent melanoma: a multicenter study. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017;24(9):2728–2733. doi:https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-017-5883-6.
- Blum KS, Proulx ST, Luciani P, Leroux JC, Detmar M. Dynamics of lymphatic regeneration and flow patterns after lymph node dissection. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013;139(1):81–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-013-2537-7.
- Wada-Ohno M, Ito T, Furue M. Adjuvant therapy for melanoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2019;20(8):63. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-019-0666-x.
- Indini A, Grossi F. Adjuvant pembrolizumab for melanoma: update from the EORTC 1325-MG/KEYNOTE-054 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(5):573–575. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00125-X.
- Garbe C, Keim U, Suciu S, et al. Prognosis of patients with stage III melanoma according to American Joint Committee on Cancer Version 8: a reassessment on the basis of 3 independent stage III melanoma cohorts. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(22):2543–2551. doi:https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.03034.
- Morton DL, Thompson JF, Essner R, et al. Validation of the accuracy of intraoperative lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymphadenectomy for early stage melanoma. Ann Surg. 1999;230(4):453–468. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199910000-00001.
- Krag D, Weaver D, Ashikaga T, et al. The sentinel node in breast cancer-a multicenter validation study. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(14):941–946. doi:https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199810013391401.
- Giuliano AE, Kirgan DM, Guenther JM, et al. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymphadenectomy for breast cancer. Ann Surg. 1994;220(3):391–401. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199409000-00015.
- Stacker SA, Williams SP, Karnezis T, Shayan R, Fox SB, Achen MG. Lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel remodelling in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014;14(3):159–172. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3677.
- Pastushenko I, Conejero C, Carapeto FJ. Lymphangiogenesis: implications for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in patients with melanoma. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106(1):7–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2014.02.013.