Adapting, testing, and refining a resilience intervention for older women with HIV: An open pilot study

References

• Benson, H., Beary, J. F., & Carol, M. P. (1974). The relaxation response. Psychiatry, 37(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1974.11023785
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antoni, M. H., Baggett, L., Ironson, G., LaPerriere, A., August, S., Klimas, N., Schneiderman, N., & Fletcher, M. A. (1991). Cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention buffers distress responses and immunologic changes following notification of HIV-1 seropositivity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(6), 906–915. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.6.906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antoni, M., & Schneiderman, N. (1998). HIV/AIDS. In Comprehensive clinical psychology (pp. 237–275). Elsevier Science.
   Google Scholar
• Arnsten, J. H., Li, X., Mizuno, Y., Knowlton, A. R., Gourevitch, M. N., Handley, K., Knight, K. R., & Metsch, L. R. (2007). Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy adherence and medication errors among HIV-infected injection drug users. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 46 Suppl 2, S64–S71. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e31815767d6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beary, F., John, B. P., Herbert, K. P. & Helen  , (1974). A simple psychophysiologic technique which elicits the hypometabolic changes of the relaxation response. Psychosomatic Medicine, 36(2), 115–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson, H., Dryer, T., & Hartley, L. H. (1978). Decreased VO2 consumption during exercise with elicitation of the relaxation response. Journal of Human Stress, 4(2), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1978.9934985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, B., Ferrans, C., & Lashley, F. (2001). Measuring stigma in people with HIV: psychometric assessment of the HIV stigma scale. Research in Nursing & Health, 24(6), 518–529. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.10011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan, D. J., Emlet, C. A., Brennenstuhl, S., & Rueda, S. (2013). Socio-demographic profile of older adults with HIV/AIDS: Gender and sexual orientation differences. Canadian Journal on Aging = La revue canadienne du vieillissement, 32(1), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980813000068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, J. T., Buchacz, K., Gebo, K. A., & Mermin, J. (2012). HIV infection and older Americans: the public health perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 102(8), 1516–1526. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300844
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannon, W. B., & Walter, B. (1939). The wisdom of the body. W.W. Norton & Company, inc.
   Google Scholar
• Carver, C. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol’s too long: Consider the brief COPE. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carver, C. (2006). Measure of current status. Retrieved March 29, 2019, from http://www.psy.miami.edu/faculty/ccarver/sclMOCS.html
   Google Scholar
• Catz, S. L., Gore-Felton, C., & McClure, J. B. (2002). Psychological distress among minority and low-income women living with HIV. Behavioral Medicine, 28(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964280209596398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017). HIV among women. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/gender/women/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Charney, D. S. (2004). Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability: Implications for successful adaptation to extreme stress. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(2), 195–216. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, R. A., & Bessinger, R. (1997). Clinical manifestations and predictors of survival in older women infected with HIV. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, 15(5), 341–345.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Connor, K., & Davidson, J. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale, S. K., Cohen, M. H., Kelso, G. A., Cruise, R. C., Weber, K. M., Watson, C., Burke-Miller, J. K., & Brody, L. R. (2014). Resilience among women with HIV: Impact of silencing the self and socioeconomic factors. Sex Roles, 70(5–6), 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0348-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale, S., Cohen, M., Weber, K., Cruise, R., Kelso, G., & Brody, L. (2014). Abuse and resilience in relation to HAART medication adherence and HIV viral load among women with HIV in the United States. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 28(3), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2013.0329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durvasula, R. (2014). HIV/AIDS in older women: Unique challenges, unmet needs. Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.), 40(3), 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2014.893983
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Earnshaw, V., & Kalichman, S. (2013). Stigma experienced by people living with HIV/AIDS. In: Stigma, discrimination, and living with HIV/AIDS: A cross-cultural perspective. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Emlet, C. (2006). ‘You’re awfully old to have this disease’: Experiences of stigma and ageism in adults 50 years and older living with HIV/AIDS. The Gerontologist, 46(6), 781–790. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/46.6.781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emlet, C. A., Tozay, S., & Raveis, V. H. (2011). ‘I’m not going to die from the AIDS’: Resilience in aging with HIV disease. The Gerontologist, 51(1), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnq060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enriquez, M., Lackey, N., & Witt, J. (2008). Health concerns of mature women living with HIV in the midwestern United States. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC, 19(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2007.09.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esch, T., Fricchione, G. L., & Stefano, G. B. (2003). The therapeutic use of the relaxation response in stress-related diseases. Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 9(2), RA23–RA34.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fang, X., Vincent, W., Calabrese, S. K., Heckman, T. G., Sikkema, K. J., Humphries, D. L., & Hansen, N. B. (2015). Resilience, stress, and life quality in older adults living with HIV/AIDS. Aging & Mental Health, 19(11), 1015–1021. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.1003287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farber, E. W., Schwartz, J. A., Schaper, P. E., Moonen, D. J., & McDaniel, J. S. (2000). Resilience factors associated with adaptation to HIV disease. Psychosomatics, 41(2), 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psy.41.2.140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira, C. E., Pinto-Neto, A. M., Conde, D. M., Costa-Paiva, L., Morais, S. S., & Magalhães, J. (2007). Menopause symptoms in women infected with HIV: Prevalence and associated factors. Gynecological Endocrinology, 23(4), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590701253743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleury, J., Keller, C., Perez, A., & Lee, S. M. (2009). The role of lay health advisors in cardiovascular risk reduction: A review. American Journal of Community Psychology, 44(1–2), 28–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-009-9253-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fricchione, G. (2011). Compassion and healing in medicine and society: On the nature and use of attachment solutions to separation challenges. Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gibson, K., Rueda, S., Rourke, S. B., Bekele, T., Gardner, S., Fenta, H., & Hart, T. A, Ohtn Cohort Study (2011). Mastery and coping moderate the negative effect of acute and chronic stressors on mental health-related quality of life in HIV. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 25(6), 371–381. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2010.0165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodale, I. L., Domar, A. D., & Benson, H. (1990). Alleviation of premenstrual syndrome symptoms with the relaxation response. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 75(4), 649–655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordillo, V., Fekete, E., Platteau, T., Antoni, M. H., Schneiderman, N., & Nöstlinger, C. (2009). Emotional support and gender in people living with HIV: Effects on psychological well-being. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 32(6), 523–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-009-9222-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman, J. W., Benson, H., Arns, P. A., Stainbrook, G. L., Landsberg, G. L., Young, J. B., & Gill, A. (1982). Reduced sympathetic nervous system responsivity associated with the relaxation response. Science (New York, N.Y.), 215(4529), 190–192. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7031901
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huberman, M., & Miles, M. (2002). The qualitative researcher’s companion. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs, R. J., & Kane, M. N. (2010). HIV-related stigma in midlife and older women. Social Work in Health Care, 49(1), 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981380903018140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser Family Foundation. (2014). Women and HIV/AIDS in the United States. Received August 28, 2015, from http://kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/women-and-hivaids-in-the-united-states/
   Google Scholar
• Kalichman, S. C., Heckman, T., Kochman, A., Sikkema, K., & Bergholte, J. (2000). Depression and thoughts of suicide among middle-aged and older persons living with HIV-AIDS. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.), 51(7), 903–907. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.51.7.903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krantz, M. J., Coronel, S. M., Whitley, E. M., Dale, R., Yost, J., & Estacio, R. O. (2013). Effectiveness of a community health worker cardiovascular risk reduction program in public health and health care settings. American Journal of Public Health, 103(1), e19–e27. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301068
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Larsen, D. L., Attkisson, C. C., Hargreaves, W. A., & Nguyen, T. D. (1979). Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: Development of a general scale. Evaluation and Program Planning, 2(3), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lemly, D. C., Shepherd, B. E., Hulgan, T., Rebeiro, P., Stinnette, S., Blackwell, R. B., Bebawy, S., Kheshti, A., Sterling, T. R., & Raffanti, S. P. (2009). Race and sex differences in antiretroviral therapy use and mortality among HIV-infected persons in care. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 199(7), 991–998. https://doi.org/10.1086/597124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leserman, J., Stuart, E. M., Mamish, M. E., & Benson, H. (1989). The efficacy of the relaxation response in preparing for cardiac surgery. Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.), 15(3), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.1989.9934573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDoom, M. M., Bokhour, B., Sullivan, M., & Drainoni, M.-L. (2015). How older black women perceive the effects of stigma and social support on engagement in HIV care. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 29(2), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwen, B. S., & Seeman, T. (1999). Protective and damaging effects of mediators of stress. Elaborating and testing the concepts of allostasis and allostatic load. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 896, 30–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08103.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meditz, A. L., MaWhinney, S., Allshouse, A., Feser, W., Markowitz, M., Little, S., Hecht, R., Daar, E. S., Collier, A. C., Margolick, J., Kilby, J. M., Routy, J.-P., Conway, B., Kaldor, J., Levy, J., Schooley, R., Cooper, D. A., Altfeld, M., Richman, D., & Connick, E. (2011). Sex, race, and geographic region influence clinical outcomes following primary HIV-1 infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 203(4), 442–451. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiq085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendez, K. J. W., Cudjoe, J., Strohmayer, S., & Han, H.-R. (2021). Recruitment and retention of women living with HIV for clinical research: A review. AIDS and Behavior, 25(10), 3267–3278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03273-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, R. C., Moore, D. J., Thompson, W. K., Vahia, I. V., Grant, I., & Jeste, D. V. (2013). A case-controlled study of successful aging in older HIV-infected adults. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 74(5), e417–e423. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.12m08100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison, M. F., Petitto, J. M., Ten Have, T., Gettes, D. R., Chiappini, M. S., Weber, A. L., Brinker-Spence, P., Bauer, R. M., Douglas, S. D., & Evans, D. L. (2002). Depressive and anxiety disorders in women with HIV infection. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(5), 789–796. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.5.789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moskowitz, J. T., Carrico, A. W., Duncan, L. G., Cohn, M. A., Cheung, E. O., Batchelder, A., Martinez, L., Segawa, E., Acree, M., & Folkman, S. (2017). Randomized controlled trial of a positive affect intervention for people newly diagnosed with HIV. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 85(5), 409–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, D. A., Roberts, K. J., & Herbeck, D. M. (2012). HIV-positive mothers with late adolescent/early adult children: ‘empty nest’ concerns. Health Care for Women International, 33(4), 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2012.655395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni, M. Y., Li, T. K., Yu, N. X., Pang, H., Chan, B. H. Y., Leung, G. M., & Stewart, S. M. (2016). Normative data and psychometric properties of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the abbreviated version (CD-RISC2) among the general population in Hong Kong. Quality of Life Research : An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 25(1), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1072-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onken, L. (2019). History and evolution of the NIH stage model. In Evidence–based practice in action: Bridging clinical science and intervention (pp. 28–42). Guilford Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Onken, L. S., Carroll, K. M., Shoham, V., Cuthbert, B. N., & Riddle, M. (2014). Reenvisioning clinical science: Unifying the discipline to improve the public health. Clinical Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 2(1), 22–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702613497932
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Park, E. R., Traeger, L., Vranceanu, A.-M., Scult, M., Lerner, J. A., Benson, H., Denninger, J., & Fricchione, G. L. (2013). The development of a patient-centered program based on the relaxation response: The Relaxation Response Resiliency Program (3RP). Psychosomatics, 54(2), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2012.09.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, L., Zhang, J., & Chen, H. (2014). Comparison among different versions of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in rehabilitation patients after unintentional injury. African Journal of Psychiatry, 17, 1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Peters, R. K., Benson, H., & Porter, D. (1977). Daily relaxation response breaks in a working population: I. Effects on self-reported measures of health, performance, and well-being. American Journal of Public Health, 67(10), 946–953. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.67.10.946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plach, S. K., Stevens, P. E., & Keigher, S. (2005). Self-care of women growing older with HIV and/or AIDS. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 27(5), 534–553. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945905275973
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Psaros, C., Barinas, J., Robbins, G. K., Bedoya, C. A., Park, E. R., & Safren, S. A. (2015). Reflections on living with HIV over time: Exploring the perspective of HIV-infected women over 50. Aging & Mental Health, 19(2), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.917608
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Psaros, C., Barinas, J., Robbins, G. K., Bedoya, C. A., Safren, S. A., & Park, E. R. (2012). Intimacy and sexual decision making: Exploring the perspective of HIV positive women over 50. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 26(12), 755–760. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2012.0256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radloff, L. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAND Health Care. Social support survey instrument: RAND medical outcomes study. Retrieved August 23, 2015, from http://www.rand.org/health/surveys_tools/mos/mos_socialsupport.html
   Google Scholar
• Remien, R. H., & Mellins, C. A. (2007). Long-term psychosocial challenges for people living with HIV: Letʼs not forget the individual in our global response to the pandemic. AIDS, 21(Suppl 5), S55–S63. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000298104.02356.b3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodger, A. J., Lodwick, R., Schechter, M., Deeks, S., Amin, J., Gilson, R., Paredes, R., Bakowska, E., Engsig, F. N., & Phillips, A. (2013). Mortality in well controlled HIV in the continuous antiretroviral therapy arms of the SMART and ESPRIT trials compared with the general population. AIDS (London, England), 27(6), 973–979. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835cae9c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roger, K. S., Mignone, J., & Kirkland, S. (2013). Social aspects of HIV/AIDS and aging: A thematic review. Canadian Journal on Aging = La revue canadienne du vieillissement, 32(3), 298–306. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980813000330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubtsova, A. A., Kempf, M.-C., Taylor, T. N., Konkle-Parker, D., Wingood, G. M., & Holstad, M. M. (2017). Healthy aging in older women living with HIV infection: A systematic review of psychosocial factors. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 14(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-017-0347-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeman, T. E., Singer, B. H., & Rowe, J. W. (1997). Price of adaptation–allostatic load and its health consequences. MacArthur studies of successful aging. Archives of Internal Medicine, 157(19), 2259–2268. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1997.00440400111013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel, K., & Schrimshaw, E. W. (2003). Reasons for the adoption of celibacy among older men and women living with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Sex Research, 40(2), 189–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490309552180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel, K., Schrimshaw, E. W., & Dean, L. (1999). Symptom interpretation and medication adherence among late middle-age and older HIV-infected adults. Journal of Health Psychology, 4(2), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910539900400217
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siemon, J. S., Blenkhorn, L., Wilkins, S., O’Brien, K. K., & Solomon, P. E. (2013). A grounded theory of social participation among older women living with HIV/Une théorie ancrée pour analyser la participation sociale chez les femmes âgées atteintes du VIH. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapie, 80(4), 241–250. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008417413501153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slater, L. Z., Moneyham, L., Vance, D. E., Raper, J. L., Mugavero, M. J., & Childs, G. (2013). Support, stigma, health, coping, and quality of life in older gay men with HIV. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 24(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2012.02.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spielberger, C., Gorsuch, R., & Lushene, R. (1970). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press.
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Procedures and techniques for developing grounded theory. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Vaishnavi, S., Connor, K., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2007). An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: Psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials. Psychiatry Research, 152(2–3), 293–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2007.01.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Sighem, A. I., Gras, L. A. J., Reiss, P., Brinkman, K., & de Wolf, F. (2010). Life expectancy of recently diagnosed asymptomatic HIV-infected patients approaches that of uninfected individuals. AIDS (London, England), 24(10), 1527–1535. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833a3946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vance, D. E., Burrage, J., Couch, A., & Raper, J. (2008). Promoting successful aging with HIV through hardiness: Implications for nursing practice and research. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 34(6), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20080601-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walensky, R. P., Paltiel, A. D., Losina, E., Mercincavage, L. M., Schackman, B. R., Sax, P. E., Weinstein, M. C., & Freedberg, K. A. (2006). The survival benefits of AIDS treatment in the United States. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 194(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1086/505147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar