Publication Cover
Inhalation Toxicology
International Forum for Respiratory Research
Volume 11, 1999 - Issue 10
60
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

DOSIMETRIC ADJUSTMENT FACTORS FOR METHYL METHACRYLATE DERIVED FROM A STEADY-STATE ANALYSIS OF A PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED CLEARANCE-EXTRACTION MODEL

Pages 899-926 | Published online: 01 Oct 2008

References

  • Allen, B. 1997. Methods for and Results of a Dose-Response Analysis of MMA. Internal report, avail-able upon request, K. S. Crump Group/ICF Consulting, Research Triangle Park, NC.
  • Andersen, M. E. 1981. A physiologically based toxicokinetic description of the metabolism of inhaled gases and vapors: Analysis at steady state. ToxicoL Appl. Pharmacol. 60:509–526.
  • Andersen, M. E., and Sarangapani, R. 1999. Clearance concepts applied to the metabolism of inhaled vapors in tissues lining the nasal cavity. Inhal. Toxicol. 11:872–896.
  • Andersen, M. E., Clewell, H. J., III, Gargas, M. L., Smith, F. A., and Reitz, R. H. 1987. Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and the risk assessment process for methylene chloride. Toxicol. Appl. PharmacoL 87:185–205.
  • Bogdanffy, M. S., Sarangapani, R., Plowchalk, D. R., Jarabek, A., and Andersen, M. E. 1999. A bio-logically-based risk assessment for vinyl acetate-induced cancer and non-cancer inhalation toxic-ity. Toxicol. Sci., in press.
  • Bush, M. L., Frederick, C. B., Kimbell, J. S., and Ultman, J. S. 1998. A CFD—PBPK hybrid model for simulating gas and vapor uptake in the rat nose. ToxicoL Appl. PharmacoL 150:133–145.
  • Cruzan, G., Cushman, J. R., Andrews, L. S., Granville, G. C., Miller, R. R., Hardy, C. J., Coombs, D. W., and Mullins, P. A. 1997. Subchronic inhalation studies of styrene in CD rats and CD-1 mice. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 35:152–165.
  • Dahl, A., Hadley, W., Hahn, F., Benson, J., and McClellan, R. 1982. Cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenas in olfactory epithelium of dogs: Possible role in tumorigenicity. Science 216: 57–59.
  • Delp, M. D., Manning, R. O., Bruckner, J. V., and Armstrong, R. B. 1991. Distribution of cardiac out-put during diurnal changes of activity in rats. Am.]. PhysioL 261:H1487—H1493.
  • Frederick, C. B., Potter, D. W., Chang-Mateu, M. I., and Andersen, M. E. 1992. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model to describe the oral dosing of rats with ethyl acrylate and its implications for risk assessment. Toxicol. Appl. PharmacoL 114:246–260.
  • Frederick, C. B., Bush, M. L., Lomax, L. G., Black, K. A., Finch, L., Kimbell, J. S., Morgan, K. T., Subramaniam, R. P., Morris, J. B., and Ultman, J. S. 1998. Application of a hybrid computational fluid dynamics and physiologically based inhalation model for interspecies dosimetry extrapola-tion of acidic vapors in the upper airways. Toxicol. Appl. PharmacoL 152:211–231.
  • Gargas, M. L., Seybold, P. G., and Andersen, M. E. 1988. Modeling the tissue solubilities and meta-bolic rate constant (1/,) of halogenated methanes, ethanes and ethylenes. Toxicol. Lett. 43: 235–256.
  • Green, T. 1996. The Metabolism of Methyl Methacrylate in the Nasal Tissues of Rat and Human. Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK.
  • Green, T. 1999. The metabolism of methyl methacrylate in the nasal tissues of rat and human. Manuscript in preparation.
  • Kimbell, J. S., Gross, E. A., Joyner, D. R., Godo, M. N., and Morgan, K. T. 1993. Application of com-putational fluid dynamics to regional dosimetry of inhaled chemicals in the upper respiratory tract of the rat. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 121:253–263.
  • Kimbell, J. S., Godo, M. N., Gross, E. A., Joyner, D. R., Richardson, R. B., and Morgan, K. T. 1997. Computer simulation of inspiratory airflow in all regions of the F344 rat nasal passages. ToxicoL Appl. Pharmacol. 145:388–398.
  • Lomax, L., Krivanek, N., and Frame, S. 1997. Chronic inhalation toxicity and oncogenicity of methyl methacrylate in rats and hamsters. Food Chem. ToxicoL 35:393–407.
  • Mauderly, J. 1986. Respiration of F344 rats in nose-only inhalation exposure tubes. J. Appl. ToxicoL 6:25–30.
  • McCarthy, T. J., Hayes, E. P., Schwartz, C. S., and Witz, G. 1994. The reactivity of selected acrylate esters toward glutathione and deoxyribonucleosides in vitro: Structure—activity relationships. Fundam. Appl. ToxicoL 22:543–548.
  • Mery, S., Larson, J., Butterworth, B., Wolf, D., Harden, R., and Morgan, K. 1994. Nasal toxicity of chloroform in male F-344 rats and female B6C3F1 mice following a 1-week inhalation expo-sure. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 125:214–227.
  • Morris, J., and Cavanagh, D. 1986. Deposition of ethanol and acetone vapors in the upper respiratory tract of the rat. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 6:78–88.
  • Morris, J. B., and Frederick, C. B. 1995. Upper respiratory tract uptake of acrylate ester and acid vapors. InhaL ToxicoL 7:557–574.
  • Morris, J. B., Hassett, D. N., and Blanchard, K. T. 1993. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for nasal uptake and metabolism of nonreactive vapors. ToxicoL Appl. PharmacoL 123: 120–129.
  • Plowchalk, D. R., Andersen, M. E., and Bogdanffy, M. S. 1997. Physiologically based modeling of vinyl acetate uptake, metabolism, and intracellular pH changes in the rat nasal cavity. ToxicoL Appl. Pharmacol. 142:386–400.
  • Stott, W. T., Ramsey, J. C., and McKenna, M. J. 1986. Absorption of chemical vapors by the upper respiratory tract of rats. In Toxicology of the nasal passages, ed. C. S. Burrows, pp. 191–210. Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
  • Tanii, H., and Hashimoto, K. 1982. Structure—toxicity relationship of acrylates and methacrylates. Toxicol. Lett. 11:125–129.
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1994. Methods for Derivation of Inhalation Reference Con-centrations and Application of Inhalation Dosimetry. EPA/600/8-90/066F, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC.
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. IRIS Substance File—Methylmethacrylate. http:// epa.gov/iris

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.