Lipids and Lipoproteins in a Triethnic Sample of 5- or 6-Year-Old Type A or Type B Children

References

• National Center for Health Statistics . 1989 . Health, United States , Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office . 1988. DHHS Pub No (PHS) 89–1232. Public Health Service
   Google Scholar
• Secretary's Task Force on Black and Minority Health, US Department of Health and Human Services . 1986 . Report of the Secretary's Task Force on Black and Minority Health, IV: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, Part 1 , Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office . DHHS Pub No (DHHS) 86–956. US Department of Health and Human Services
   Google Scholar
• Wilhelmsen , L . 1984 . Risk factors for coronary heart disease in perspective . Am J Med , 76 : 37 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , M J , Hulley , S B , Browner , W S , Kuller , L H and Wentworth , D . 1986 . Serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and mortality: Implications from a cohort of 361,662 men . Lancet , 2 : 933 – 936 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins , C D , Welborn , T D and Goff , D V . 1970 . Free fatty acid, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and ischemic heart disease . Lancet , 1 : 865 – 866 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyroler , H A , Glueck , C J Christensen , B . 1980 . Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol comparison in black and white populations . Circulation , 62 ( Suppl 4 ) : 99 – 107 .
   Google Scholar
• Stern , M P , Rosenthal , M Haffner , S M . 1984 . Sex differences in the effects of sociocultural status on diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican Americans: The San Antonio Heart Study . Am J Epidemiol , 120 : 834 – 851 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenman , R H and Chesney , M A . 1980 . The relationship of Type A behavior to coronary heart disease . Act Nerv Super , 22 : 1 – 45 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weiss , S M . 1981 . Review panel: Coronary-prone behavior and coronary heart disease: A critical review . Circulation , 63 : 1199 – 1215 .
   Google Scholar
• Rosenman , R H , Brand , R J , Sholtz , R I and Friedman , M . 1976 . Multivariate prediction of coronary heart disease during 8.5 year follow-up in the Western Collaborative Group Study . Am J Cardiol , 37 : 903 – 910 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes , S G , Feinleib , M , Levine , S , Scotch , N and Kannel , W B . 1978 . The relationship of psychosocial factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham study. II. Prevalence of coronary heart disease . Am J Epidemiol , 107 : 384 – 402 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Doornen , L JP and Orlebeke , K F . 1982 . Stress, personality and serum-cholesterol level . J Human Stress , 8 : 24 – 29 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , J B and Reed , D . 1985 . The Type A behavior pattern and coronary heart disease among Japanese men in Hawaii . J Behav Med , 8 ( 4 ) : 343 – 352 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidner , G , Sexton , G , McLellarn , R , Conner , S L and Matarazzo , J D . 1987 . The role of Type A behavior and hostility in an evaluation of plasma lipids in adult women and men . Psychosom Med , 49 ( 2 ) : 136 – 145 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , R B . 1989 . “ Biological mechanisms mediating the relationship between behavior and coronary heart disease ” . In In Search of Coronary-Prone Behavior: Beyond Type A , Edited by: Siegman , A W and Dembroski , T M . 195 – 205 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Suls , J and Sanders , G S . 1989 . “ Why do some behavioral styles place people at coronary risk? ” . In In Search of Coronary-Prone Behavior: Beyond Type A , Edited by: Siegman , A W and Dembroski , T M . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Carruthers , M A . 1969 . Aggression and atheroma . Lancet , 11 : 1170
   Google Scholar
• Funkenstein , D H , King , S H and Grolette , M . 1954 . The direction of anger during a laboratory stress-inducing situation . Psychosom Med , 16 : 404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taggart , P and Carruthers , M A . 1977 . “ Behavior patterns and emotional stress in the etiology of coronary heart disease: Cardiological and biochemical correlates ” . In Stress and Heart , Edited by: Wheatley , D . 33 – 45 . New York : Raven Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sprafka , J M , Folsom , A R , Burke , G L and Edlavitch , S A . 1988 . Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in blacks and whites: The Minnesota Heart Survey . Am J Public Health , 72 ( 12 ) : 1546 – 1549 .
   Google Scholar
• Weinrich , S P , Weinrich , M C , Keil , J E , Gazez , P C and Potter , E . 1988 . The John Henryism and Framingham Type A scales: Measurement properties in elderly blacks and whites . Am J Epidemiol , 128 ( 1 ) : 165 – 178 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holman , R L , McGill , H C , Strong , J P and Geer , J C . 1958 . The natural history of atherosclerosis: The early aortic lesions as seen in New Orleans in the middle of the 20th century . Am J Pathol , 34 : 209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strong , J and McGill , H . 1969 . The pediatric aspects of atherosclerosis . J Atheroscler Res , 9 : 251 – 265 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matthews , K A . 1978 . “ Assessment and developmental antecedents of the coronary-prone behavior pattern in children ” . In Coronary Prone Behavior , Edited by: Dembroski , T , Weiss , A , Shields , J , Haynes , S and Feinleib , M . New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Hunter , S M , Wolf , T M , Sklov , M C , Webber , L S , Watson , R M and Berenson , G S . 1982 . Type A coronary-prone behavior pattern and cardiovascular risk factor variables in children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study . J Chron Dis , 35 : 613 – 621 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matthews , K A and Haynes , S G . 1986 . Type A behavior pattern and coronary disease risk: Update and critical evaluation . Am J Epidemiol , 123 ( 6 ) : 923 – 960 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higginbotham , J C , Baranowski , T , Puhl , J and Greaves , K A . Ethnicity, gender and Type A differences in resting heart rate and blood pressure among young children Submitted
   Google Scholar
• Hooks , P C , Tsong , Y , Baranowski , T , Henske , J , Nadar , P R and Levin , J S . 1988 . Recruitment strategies for multi-ethnic family and community research: A primer and model . Community and Family Health , 11 ( 1 ) : 48 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Greaves , K A , Puhl , J , Baranowski , T , Gruben , D and Seale , D . 1989 . Ethnic differences in anthropometric characteristics of young children and their parents . Hum Biol , 613 : 459 – 477 .
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , K A and Angulo , J . 1980 . Measurement of the Type A behavior pattern in children: Assessment of children's competitiveness, impatience-anger, and aggression . Child Dev , 51 : 466 – 475 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews , K A . 1982 . Psychological perspectives on the Type A behavior pattern . Psychol Bull , 91 : 293 – 323 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meininger , J C , Hayman , L L and Stashinko , E E . 1987 . Emergence of risk for cardiovascular disease during childhood: Measurement of the Type A behavior pattern . Presented at the Scientific Sessions of Sigma Theta Tau International Biennial Convention . June 1987 , San Francisco, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Allain , C C , Poon , L S , Chans , C SG , Richmond , W and Fu , P C . 1974 . Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol . Clin Chem , 20 : 470
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warnick , G R , Cheung , M C and Albers , J J . 1979 . Comparison of current methods for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol quantitation . Clin Chem , 25 : 596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fossati , P and Prencipe , L . 1982 . Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide . Clin Chem , 28 : 2077
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison , G , Buskick , E R Carter , J EL . 1988 . “ Skinfold thicknesses and measurement technique ” . In Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual , Edited by: Lohman , T G , Roche , A F and Martorell , R . 55 – 70 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics Books .
   Google Scholar
• Lohman , T G , Roche , A F and Martorell , R , eds. 1988 . Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual , Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics Books .
   Google Scholar
• Sudman , S and Bradburn , N M . 1982 . Asking Questions, A Practical Guide to Questionnaire Design , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• SAS Institute Inc. 1989 . SAS/STAT User's Guide, Release 6.03 Edition , Cary, NC : SAS Institute Inc . The GLM procedure
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , K A and Volkin , J I . 1981 . Efforts to excel and the Type A behavior pattern in children . Child Dev , 52 : 1283 – 1289 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayman , L L , Meininger , J C , Stashinko , E E , Gallagher , P R and Coates , P M . 1988 . Type A behavior and physiological cardiovascular risk factors in school-age twin children . Nursing Res , 37 ( 5 ) : 290 – 296 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brodwick , M , Baranowski , T and Rassin , D . 1989 . Infant feeding patterns in three ethnic groups . J Am Diet Assoc , 89 ( 8 ) : 1129 – 1132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS Institute Inc . 1989 . SAS/STAT User's Guide, Release 6.03 Edition , Cary, NC : SAS Institute Inc . Introduction to analysis of variance procedures
   Google Scholar
• Weidner , G , McLellarn , R , Sexton , G , Istvan , J and Connor , S . 1986 . Type A behavior and physiologic coronary risk factors in children of the Family Heart Study: Results from a 1-year follow-up . Psychosom Med , 48 ( 7 ) : 480 – 488 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meininger , J C , Hayman , L L , Coates , P M and Gallagher , P . 1988 . Genetics or environment? Type A behavior and cardiovascular risk factors in twin children . Nurs Res , 37 ( 6 ) : 341 – 346 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louisiana State University Medical Center, Mayo Clinic, University of Iowa Medical Centers . 1978 . Cardiovascular Profile of 15,000 Children of School Age in Three Communities 1971–1975 , Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office . DHEW Pub No (NIH) 78–1472
   Google Scholar
• Keltikangas-Jarvinen , L and Jokinen , J . 1989 . Type A behavior, coping mechanisms and emotions related to somatic risk factors of coronary heart disease in adolescents . J Psychosom Res , 33 ( 1 ) : 17 – 27 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasan , S R , Wattigney , W , Webber , L S and Berenson , G S . 1989 . Relation of cholesterol to apolipoprotein B in low density lipoproteins of children. The Bogalusa Heart Study . Arteriosclerosis , 9 ( 4 ) : 493 – 500 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilcosky , T C , Kwiterovich , P O Jr. Glueck , C J . 1986 . Dyslipoproteinemia in black participants. The Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study . Circulation , 73 : 1119 – 125 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haffner , S M , Stern , M P , Hazuda , H P , Rosenthal , M and Knapp , J A . 1986 . The role of behavioral variables and fat patterning in explaining ethnic differences in serum lipids and lipoproteins . Am J Epidemiol , 123 ( 5 ) : 830 – 839 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prewitt , T E , Haynes , S G , Graves , K , Haines , P S and Tyroler , H A . 1988 . Nutrient intake, lipids, and lipoprotein cholesterols in black and white children: The Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study . Prev Med , 17 ( 3 ) : 247 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glueck , C J and Mellies , M J . 1984 . A pediatric approach to prevention of coronary heart disease . Perspect Lipid Disorders , 2 : 11 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Berenson , G S , Foster , T A Frank , G C . 1978 . Cardiovascular disease risk factor variables at the preschool age: The Bogalusa Heart Study . Circulation , 57 ( 3 ) : 603 – 612 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frerichs , R R , Srinivasan , S R , Webber , L S and Berenson , G S . 1976 . Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in 3,446 children from a biracial community—The Bogalusa Heart Study . Circulation , 54 : 302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webber , L S , Voors , A W , Srinivasan , S R , Frerichs , R R and Berenson , G S . 1979 . Occurrence in children of multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease: The Bogalusa Heart Study . Prev Med , 8 : 407 – 418 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison , J A , Laskarzewski , P M Rauh , J L . 1979 . Lipids, lipoproteins and sexual maturation during adolescence: The Princeton Maturation Study . Metabolism , 28 : 641 – 649 .
   Google Scholar
• Berenson , G S , Srinivasan , S R , Cresanta , J L , Foster , T A and Webber , L S . 1981 . Dynamic changes in serum lipoproteins in children during adolescence and sexual maturation . Am J Epidemiol , 113 : 157 – 170 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherwitz , L . 1989 . “ Type A behavior assessment in the structured interview: Review, critique, and recommendations ” . In In Search of Coronary-Prone Behavior: Beyond Type A , Edited by: Siegman , A W and Dembroski , T M . 195 – 205 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , L H . 1987 . “ Issues in the measurement of the Type A behaviour pattern ” . In Stress and Health: Issues in Research Methodology , Edited by: Kasl , S V and Cooper , C L . 231 – 281 . New York : J Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• James , S A . 1984 . Coronary heart disease in black Americans: Suggestions for research on psychosocial factors . Am Heart J , 108 ( suppl. ) : 833 – 838 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar