Examining Predictors of Depression Among Older Incarcerated Women

REFERENCES

• Abram, K. M., Teplin, L. A., & McClelland, G. M. (2003). Comorbidity of severe psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders among women in Jail. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1007–1010. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.5.1007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aday, R. H. (2003). Aging prisoners: Crisis in American corrections. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Aday, R. H., & Farney, L. (2014). Malign neglect: Assessing older women’s health care experiences in prison. Biological Inquiry, 11, 359–372. doi:10.1007/s11673-014-9561-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aday, R. H., & Krabill, J. J. (2011). Women aging in prison: A neglected population in the correctional system. Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Aday, R. H., Dye, M., & Kaiser, A. (2014) Examining the traumatic effects of sexual victimization on the health of incarcerated women. Women & Criminal Justice, 24, 1–21. doi:10.1080/08974454.2014.909758
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armour, C. (2012). Mental health in prison: A trauma perspective on importation and deprivation. International Journal of Criminology and Sociological Theory, 5, 886–894.
   Google Scholar
• Beckett, J., Taylor, C. P., & Johnson, R. (2003). Aging matters: Growing old in the correctional system. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 41, 12–18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beshal, J. A., & Naboulsi, M. A. (2004). Existential perspectives on death anxiety. Psychological Reports, 96, 507–513. doi:10.2466/pr0.95.2.507-513
   Google Scholar
• Blazer, D. G. (2003). Depression in late life: Review and commentary. Journals of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 58A, 249–265. doi:10.1093/gerona/58.3.m249
   Google Scholar
• Bradley-Engen, M., Cuddeback, G., Gayuman, M., Morrissey, J., & Mancuso, D. (2010). Trends in state prison admission of offenders with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 61, 1263–1265. doi:10.1176/ps.2010.61.12.1263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byock, I. R. (2002). Dying well in corrections: Why should we care? Journal of Correctional Health Care, 9, 102–107. doi:10.1177/107834580200900202
   Google Scholar
• Carson, A. E., & Anderson, E. (2016). Prisoners in 2015. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Casey-Acevedo, K., & Bakken, T. (2002). Visiting women in prison: Who visits and who cares? Journal of Offender and Rehabilitation, 34, 67–83. doi:10.1300/j076v34n03_05
   Google Scholar
• Caverley, S. J. (2006). Older mentally Ill inmates: A descriptive study. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 12(4), 1–7. doi:10.1177/1078345806295546
   Google Scholar
• Chiu, T. (2010). It’s about time: Aging prisoners, increasing costs, and geriatric release. New York, NY: Vera Institute of Justice.
   Google Scholar
• Christian, J. (2005). Riding the bus: Barriers to prison visitation and family management strategies. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21, 31–48. doi:10.1177/1043986204271618
   Google Scholar
• Clear, T. R., & Frost, N. A. (2014). The rise and failure of mass inceration in America: The punishment imperative. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Coid, D., Fazel, S., & Kahtan, N. (2002). Elderly patients admitted to secure forensic psychiatry services. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 13, 416–427. doi:10.1080/09585180210154470
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, M. G., & Dendukuri, N. (2003). Risk factors for depression among elderly community subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1147–1156. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.6.1147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courtney, D., & Maschi, T. (2013). Trauma and stress among older adults in prison: Breaking the cycle of silence. Traumatology, 19, 73–81. doi:10.1177/1534765612437378
   Google Scholar
• Covington, S. S., & Bloom, B. (2007). Gender-responsive treatment and services in correctional settings. In E. Leeder (Ed.), Inside and out: Women, prison, and therapy (pp. 9–13). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cranford, S., & Williams, R. (1998). Critical issues in managing female offenders: Women offenders have unique needs which impact the ways staff manage them. Corrections Today, 60, 130–134.
   Google Scholar
• Curtice, M., Parker, J., Wismayer, F. S., & Tomison, A. (2003). The elderly offender: An 11-year survey of referrals to a regional forensic psychiatric service. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 14, 253–265. doi:10.1080/1478994031000077989
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaton, D., Aday, R. H., & Wahidin, A. (2009–2010). The effect of heath and penal harm on the aging female prisoners’ views of dying in prison. Omega, 60, 33–50. doi:10.2190/om.60.1.c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeBell, J. (2001). The female offender: Different, not difficult. Corrections Today, 63, 56–61.
   Google Scholar
• DeHart, D. (2008). Pathways to prison: Impact of victimization in the lives of incarcerated women. Violence against Women, 14, 1362–1381. doi:10.1177/1077801208327018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeHart, D., Lynch, S., Belknap, J., Dass-Brailsford, P., & Green, B. (2014). Life history models of female offending: The roles of serious mental illness and trauma in women’s pathways to jail. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38, 138–151. doi:10.1177/0361684313494357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derogatis, L. R. (1993). Brief symptom inventory (BSI): Administration, scoring, and procedures manual (3rd ed.). Minneapolis, MN: National Computer Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Dhami, M. K., Ayton, P., & Loewenstein, G. (2007). Adaptation to imprisonment: Indigenous or imported. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34, 1085–1100. doi:10.1177/0093854807302002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dye, H. M. (2010). Deprivation, importation, and prison suicide: Combined effects of institutional conditions and inmate composition. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38,796–806. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.05.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dye, H. M., & Aday, R. H. (2013). “I just wanted to die”: Pre-prison and current suicide ideation among women serving life sentences. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 40, 832–849.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dye, Huey M., Aday, R. H., Farney, L., & Raley, J. (2014). “The rock I cling to”: Religious engagement in the lives of life-sentenced women. The Prison Journal, 94, 388–408. doi:10.1177/0032885514537605
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eliason, J. M., Taylor, Y. J., & Arndt, S. (2005). Assessing intimate partner violence in incarcerated women. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 1, 106–111. doi:10.1097/01263942-200509000-00005
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fearn, N. E., & Parker, K. (2005). Health care for women inmates: Issues, perceptions and policy considerations. California Journal of Health Promotion, 3(2), 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Fedock, G. L. (2016). Women’s psychological adjustment to prison: A review for future social work directions. Social Work Research, 41, 31–42. doi:10.1093/swr/svw031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feris, S. (2012). Situational versus recurring depression. Healthline networks. Retrieved from http://www.healthline.com/health/depression/statistics#1
   Google Scholar
• Freitas, A. M., Inacio, A. R., & Saavedra, L. (2016). Motherhood in prison: Reconciling the irreconcilable. The Prison Journal, 96, 415–436. doi:10.1177/0032885516635129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gayman, M. D., Turner, R. J., & Cui, M. (2008). Physical limitations and depressive symptoms: Exploring the nature of the association. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 63B, S219–S228. doi:10.1093/geronb/63.4.s219
   Google Scholar
• Genders, E., & Player, E. (1995). Women lifers: Assessing the experience. The Prison Journal, 70, 46–57. doi:10.1177/003288559007000106
   Google Scholar
• George, E. (2010). A woman doing life: Notes from a prison for women. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Glamser, F., & Cabana, D. (2003). Dying in a total institution: The case of death in prison. In C. Bryant (Ed.), Handbook on death and dying (pp. 495–501). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman, I. (1961). Asylums: Essays on the social situation of mental patients and other inmates. New York, NY: Doubleday.
   Google Scholar
• Green, B. L., Dass-Brailsford, P., Mete, M., Lynch, S. M., & DeHart, D. D. (2016). Trauma experiences and mental health among incarcerated women. Psychological Trauma, Theory, Research, and Policy, 8, 455–463. doi:10.1037/tra0000113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haney, C. (2006). Reforming Punishment: Psychological Limits to the Pains of Imprisonment. Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Harner, M. M., Budescu, M., Gillihan, S. J., Riley, S., & Foa, E. B. (2013). Posttraumatic stress disorder in incarcerated women: A call for evidenced-based treatment. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7, 58–66. doi:10.1037/a0032508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harner, H. M., & Riley, S. (2013). The impact of incarceration on women’s mental health: Responses from women in a maximum—Security prison. Qualitative Health Research, 23, 26–42. doi:10.1177/1049732312461452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heller, K., Viken, R. J., & Swindle, R. W. (2010). Screening for depression in African American and Caucasian older women. Aging and Mental Health, 14, 339–346. doi:10.1080/13607860903228820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooyman, N. R., & Kiyak, H. (2008). Social gerontology: A multidisciplinary perspective. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.
   Google Scholar
• Hybels, C. F., Blazer, D. G., & Pieper, C. F. (2001). Toward a threshold for subthreshold depression: An analysis of correlates of depression by severity of symptoms using data from an elderly community sample. Gerontologists, 41, 357–365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• James, D., & Glaze, L. (2006). Mental health problems of prison and jail inmates (213600). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, S., & Winfree, L. T. (2006). Social support, gender, and inmate adjustment to prison life. The Prison Journal, 86, 32–55. doi:10.1177/0032885505283876
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, J. D. (2001). Inside view: Women in prison, depression and family ties (Unpublished master’s thesis). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hil, NC.
   Google Scholar
• Kasen, S., Chen, H., Sneed, J. R., & Cohen, P. (2010). Earlier stress exposure and subsequent major depression in aging women. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 25, 91–99. doi:10.1002/gps.2304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katcoski, P. C., & Babb, S. (1990). Adjustment of older inmates: An analysis of structure and gender. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 6, 139–156. doi:10.1177/104398629000600407
   Google Scholar
• Keaveny, M. E., & Zauszniewski, J. A. (1999). Life events and psychological well-being in women sentenced to prison. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 20, 73–89. doi:10.1080/016128499248790
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krabill, J. J., & Aday, R. H. (2005). Exploring the social world of aging female prisoners. Women and Criminal Justice, 17, 27–54. doi:10.1300/j012v17n01_02
   Google Scholar
• Kubiak, S. P. (2005). “I came to prison to do my time—not to get raped”: Coping within the institutional setting. Stress, Trauma, and Crisis: An International Journal, 8, 157–177. doi:10.1080/15434610590956921
   Google Scholar
• Kubiak, S. P., Kim, W. J., Fedock, G., & Bybee, D. (2012). Assessing short-term outcomes of an intervention for women convicted of violent crimes. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 3, 197–212. doi:10.5243/jsswr.2012.13
   Google Scholar
• Lamb, D. (2010). Exploring the effects of victimization on the mental and physical health of incarcerated women (Unpublished thesis). Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN.
   Google Scholar
• Leigey, M. E., & Hodge, J. F. (2012). Gray matters: Gender differences in the physical and mental health of older inmates. Women & Criminal Justice, 22, 289–308. doi:10.1080/08974454.2012.716358
   Google Scholar
• Leigey, M., & Reed, K. (2010). A woman’s life before serving life: Examining the negative pre-incarceration life events of female life sentenced inmates. Women & Criminal Justice, 20, 302–322. doi:10.1080/08974454.2010.512229
   Google Scholar
• Lempert, L. B. (2016). Women doing life: Gender, punishment and the struggle for identity. New York, NY: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Loxton, D., Schofield, M., & Hussain, R. (2006). Psychological health in midlife among women who ever lived with a violent partner or spouse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21, 1092–1107. doi:10.1177/0886260506290290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lurigio, A. J. (2011). People with serious mental illness in the criminal justice system. The Prison Journal, 91, 66S–86S. doi:10.1177/0032885511415226
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, S. M., Dehart, D. D., Belknap, B. L., Dass-Brailsford, P., Johnson, K. A., & Whaley, E. (2014). A multisite study of the prevalence of serious mental illness, PTSD, and substance use disorders of women in jail. Psychiatric Services, 65, 670–674. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201300172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancini, C., Baker, T., Sainju, K. D., Golden, K., Bedard, L. E., & Gertz, M. (2016). Examining external support received in prison and concerns about reentry among incarcerated women. Feminist Criminology, 11, 163–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maschi, T., Suftin, S. L., & O’Connel, S. L. (2012). Aging, mental health, and the criminal justice system: A content analysis of the literature. Journal of Forensic Social Work, 2, 162–185. doi:10.1080/1936928x.2012.750254
   Google Scholar
• McPhail, M. E., Falvo, D. R., & Burker, E. J. (2012). Psychiatric disorders in incarcerated women: Treatment and rehabilitation needs for successfully community reentry. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 43(1), 19–26.
   Google Scholar
• Mijer, R. R., de Vries, R. M., & van Bruggen, V. (2011). An evaluation of the Brief Symptom Inventory using item response theory: Which items are most strongly related to psychological stress. Psychological Assessment, 23, 193–201. doi:10.1037/a0021292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitka, M. (2004). Aging prisoners stressing health care system. Journal of the American Medical Association, 292, 423–424.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motte, C., Bailey, D., & Ward, J. (2012). How does prison visiting affect female offenders’ mental health? Implications for education and development. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education, and Practice, 7, 170–179. doi:10.1108/17556221211287235
   Google Scholar
• Muntaner, C., Eaton, W. W., Miech, R., & O’Campo, P. (2004). Socioeconomic position and major mental disorders. Epidemiologic Reviews, 26, 53–62. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxh001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murdoch, N., Morris, P., & Holmes, C. (2008). Depression in elderly life sentence prisoners. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23, 957–962. doi:10.1002/gps.2017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinese, C., Furegato, A., & Santos, J. (2010). Demographic and clinical predictors of depressive symptoms among incarcerated women. Annals of General Psychiatry, 9, 34–41. doi:10.1186/1744-859x-9-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pochlman, J. (2005). Incarcerated mothers’ contact with children, perceived family relationships, and depressive symptoms. Journal of Family Psychology, 19, 350–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pomeroy, E. C., Kiam, R., & Abel, E. (1998). Meeting the mental health needs of incarcerated women. Health & Social Work, 23, 71–75. doi:10.1093/hsw/23.1.71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prins, S. J. (2014). Prevalence of mental illnesses in U.S. prisons: A systematic review. Psychiatric Services, 65, 862–872. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201300166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regan, J. J., Alderson, A., & Regan, W. M. (2002). Psychiatric disorders in aging prisoners. Clinical Gerontologist, 26, 117–124. doi:10.1300/j018v26n01_10
   Google Scholar
• Reichert, J., Adams, S., & Bostwick, L. (2010). Victimization and help-seeking behaviors among female prisoners in Illinois. Chicago, IL: Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority.
   Google Scholar
• Salina, D., Lesondak, L. M., Razzano, L. A., & Parenti, B. M. (2011). Addressing unmet needs in incarcerated women with co-occurring disorders. Journal of Social Services Research, 37, 365–378. doi:10.1080/01488376.2011.582017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, F. W., Gruman, J. A., & Coutts, L. M. (2005). Applied social psychology: Understanding and addressing social and practical problems. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Seijeoung, K. (2003). Incarcerated women in life context. Women’s Studies International Forum, 26, 95–100. doi:10.1016/s0277-5395(02)00358-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Severence, T. A. (2005). You know who you can go to: cooperation and exchange between incarcerated women. The prison Journal, 85, 343–367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slotboom, A. M., Kruttschnitt, C., Bijleveld, C., & Menting, B. (2011). Psychological well-being of incarcerated women in the Netherlands: Importation or deprivation? Punishment & Society, 13, 176–197. doi:10.1177/1462474510396313
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spence, N. J., Adkins, D. E., & Dupre, M. E. (2011). Racial differences in depression trajectories among older women: Socioeconomic, family, and health Influences. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52, 444–459. doi:10.1177/0022146511410432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterns, A. A., Law, G., Sed, C., Keohane, P., & Sterns, R. S. (2008). Growing wave of older prisoners: A national survey of older prisoners’ health, mental health, and programming. Corrections Today, 70(4), 70–72, 74, 76.
   Google Scholar
• Strupp, H., & Willmott, D. (2005). Dignity denied: The price of imprisoning older women in California. San Francisco, CA: Legal Services for Prisoners with Children.
   Google Scholar
• Sykes, G. M. (1958). The society of captives: A study of a maximum security prison. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Templer, D. I. (1970). The construction and validation of the death anxiety scale. Journal of General Psychology, 82, 165–177. doi:10.1080/00221309.1970.9920634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toch, H. (2006). Living in prison: The ecology of survival. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Valera, P., Fullilove, R., Cali, S., Nunes, E., Chiongbian, V., Clark, W., & Covey, L. (2015). Symptom inventory in men under criminal justice involvement: Implications for forensic social workers in practice settings. British Journal of Social, Work, 45, 2210–2223. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcu074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Warmer, K., & Kaplan, L. (2006). Results of a national survey of wardens in women’s prisoners. A case for gender specific treatment. Women & Therapy, 29, 133–151. doi:10.1300/j015v29n01_07
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughn, M. S. (1999). Penal harm medicine: State tort remedies for delaying and denying health care to prisoners. Crime, Law and Social Change, 31, 273–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visher, C. A., & Bakken, N. W. (2014). Reentry challenges facing women with mental health problems. Women & Health, 54, 768–780. doi:10.1080/03630242.2014.932889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahidin, A., & Tate, S. (2005). Prison (E)scapes and body tropes: Older women in the prison time machine. Body & Society, 11(2), 59–79. doi:10.1177/1357034x05052462
   Google Scholar
• Williams, B. A., Lindquist, K., Sudore, R. L., Strupp, H., Willmott, D. J., & Walter, L. C. (2006). Being old and doing time: Functional impairment and adverse experiences of geriatric female prisoners. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54, 702–707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar