An assessment of a venture creation programme: the case of Shell LiveWIRE

References

• Aldrich H 1999 Organizations Evolving London Sage
   Google Scholar
• Baucus , DA and Human , SE . 1994 . Second career entrepreneurs: a multiple case study analysis of entrepreneurial processes and antecedent variables . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 19 ( 2 ) : 41 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Begley , TM and Boyd , DP . 1987 . Psychological characteristics associated with performance in entrepreneurial firms and smaller businesses . Journal of Business Venturing , 2 ( 1 ) : 79 – 93 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett , R and Robson , P . 2000 . The small business service: business support, use, fees and satisfaction . Policy Studies , 21 ( 3 ) : 173 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Benus , JM . 1994 . Self-employment programmes: a new reemployment tool . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 19 ( 2 ) : 73 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• Blanchflower , DG and Meyer , B . 1994 . A longitudinal analysis of the young self-employed in Australia and the United States . Small Business Economics , 6 : 1 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• British Bankers Association 2001 The Evaluation of the Golden Key Package Component of the Small Business Initiative London BBA
   Google Scholar
• Carter , NM , Gartner , WB and Reynolds , PD . 1996 . Exploring start-up event sequences . Journal of Business Venturing , 11 : 151 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chemilsky , E . 1997 . Thoughts for a new evaluation society . Evaluation , 3 ( 1 ) : 97 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• Chen HT 1990 Theory-Driven Evaluations London Sage
   Google Scholar
• Chrisman , JJ . 1999 . The influence of outsider-generated knowledge resources on venture creation . Journal of Small Business Management , 37 ( 4 ) : 42 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrisman , JJ and Katrishen , F . 1994 . The economic impact of small business development center counseling activities in the United States . Journal of Business Venturing , 9 : 271 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrisman , JJ and McMullan , WE . 2000 . A preliminary assessment of outsider assistance as a knowledge resource: the longer-term impact of new venture counselling . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 24 ( 3 ) : 39 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , AC . 1993 . Challenges in predicting new firm performance . Journal of Business Venturing , 8 : 241 – 253 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , AC , Folta , TB and Woo , C . 1995 . Entrepreneurial information search . Journal of Business Venturing , 10 ( 2 ) : 107 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowling , M . 2000 . Are entrepreneurs different across countries?' . Applied Economics Letters , 7 : 785 – 790 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cressy R 1998 New Firms and Their Bank London NatWest
   Google Scholar
• Dalgleish M 1993 An evaluation of the Prince's Youth Business Trust Employment Gazette January 661 666
   Google Scholar
• Del Monte , A and Scalera , D . 2001 . The life duration of small firms born within a start-up programme: evidence from Italy . Regional Studies , 35 ( 1 ) : 11 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Dolton , PJ and Makepeace , GH . 1990 . Self-employment among graduates . Bulletin of Economic Research , 42 ( 1 ) : 35 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Donckels , R and Lambrecht , J . 1997 . The network position of small businesses: an explanatory model . Journal of Small Business Management , 35 ( 2 ) : 13 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyer , WG . 1994 . Toward a theory of entrepreneurial careers . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 19 ( 2 ) : 7 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , D and Leighton , LS . 1989 . Some empirical aspects of entrepreneurship . American Economic Review , 79 : 519 – 535 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gartner , WB . 1985 . A framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation . Academy of Management Review , 10 : 696 – 706 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gartner , WB . 1993 . Words lead to deeds: towards an organizational emergence vocabulary . Journal of Business Venturing , 8 ( 3 ) : 231 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gartner WB Starr JA 1992 The nature of entrepreneurial work, paper presented at the 2nd Annual Global Entrepreneurship Research Conference London March
   Google Scholar
• Gartner , WB , Bird , BJ and Starr , JA . 1992 . Acting as if: differing entrepreneurial from organizational behavior . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 16 ( 3 ) : 13 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Greene , FJ . 2002 . An investigation into enterprise support for younger people, 1975–2000 . International Small Business Journal , 20 ( 3 ) : 307 – 326 .
   Google Scholar
• Johansson , E . 2000 . Self-employment and liquidity constraints . Scandinavian Journal of Economics , 103 ( 1 ) : 123 – 134 .
   Google Scholar
• Jovanovic , B . 1982 . Selection and the evolution of industry . Econometrica , 50 ( 3 ) : 649 – 670 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz , JA . 1990 . Longitudinal analysis of self-employment follow-through . Entrepreneurship & Regional Development , 2 : 15 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Katz , JA . 1992 . A psychosocial cognitive model of employment status choice . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 17 ( 1 ) : 29 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Katz , JA and Gartner , WB . 1988 . Properties of emerging organizations . Academy of Management Review , 13 : 429 – 441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kouriloff , M . 2000 . Exploring perceptions of a-priori barriers to entrepreneurship: a multidisciplinary approach . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 25 ( 2 ) : 59 – 79 .
   Google Scholar
• Kreuger , NF and Brazeal , DV . 1994 . Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 18 ( 3 ) : 91 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Learned , KE . 1992 . What happened before the organization? A model of organizational formation . Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 17 ( 1 ) : 5 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Meager N Bates P Cowling M 2001 Long-term Evaluation of Self-employment Assistance Provided by the Prince's Trust London DfES
   Google Scholar
• OECD 2000 The OECD Small and Medium Enterprise Outlook Paris OECD
   Google Scholar
• Pineda , RC , Lerner , LD , Miller , MC and Phillips , SJ . 1998 . An investigation of factors affecting the information-search activities of small business managers . Journal of Small Business Management , 36 ( 1 ) : 60 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds , PD and Miller , B . 1992 . New firm gestation: conception, birth and implications for research . Journal of Business Venturing , 7 : 405 – 417 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds PD Hay M Bygrave WD Camp SM Autio E 2000 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2000 Executive Report Kansas Kauffman Center
   Google Scholar
• Rice , MP . 2002 . Co-production of business assistance in business incubators: an exploratory study . Journal of Business Venturing , 17 : 163 – 187 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson , RB . 1982 . The importance of ‘outsiders’ in small firm strategic planning . Academy of Management Journal , 25 : 80 – 93 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmid G O'Reilly J Schomann K 1996 Theory and methodology of labour market policy and evaluation in Schmid, G., O'Reilly, J. Schomann, K. (eds) International Handbook of Labour Market Policy and Evaluation Cheltenham Edward Elgar
   Google Scholar
• Sherman , H and Chappell , DS . 1998 . Methodological challenges in evaluating business incubator outcomes . Economic Development Quarterly , 12 : 313 – 321 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart , WH , Watson , WE , Carland , JC and Carland , JW . 1998 . A proclivity for entrepreneurship: a comparison of entrepreneurs, small business owners, and corporate managers . Journal of Business Venturing , 14 : 189 – 214 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storey DJ 2000 Six steps to heaven in Landstrom, H. Sexton, D. (eds) Handbook of Entrepreneurship Oxford Blackwell
   Google Scholar
• Vesper KH 1983 Entrepreneurship and National Policy Chicago ILL Heller Institute
   Google Scholar
• Wallsten , SJ . 2000 . The effects of government-industry R&D programmes on private R&D: the case of the small business innovation programme . Rand Journal of Economics , 31 ( 1 ) : 82 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westhead , P . 1998 . Benefits associated with the 1994 Shell Technology Enterprise Programme . Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development , 5 : 60 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , WC . 1994 . Primary benefits secondary benefits and the evaluation of small business assistance programmes . Journal of Small Business Management , 32 : 65 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Wren , C and Storey , DJ . 2002 . Evaluating the effect of the new business support on small firm performance . Oxford Economic Papers , 54 ( 2 ) : 334 – 365 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar