Data audit—historical perspectiveFootnote∗

Reprinted from Principles of Research Data Audit, ed. by A. E. Shamoo.

References

• Association of American Medical College . 1982 . The Maintenance of High Ethical Standards in the Conduct of Research Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Association of American Universities . April 1982 . Report of the Association of American Universities Committee on Integrity of Research April , Washington D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Brandt , E. N. 1983 . “ PHS Perspectives on Misconduct in Science ” . In Public Health Reports Vol. 98 , 136 – 140 .
   Google Scholar
• Braunwald , E. 1987 . On Analyzing Scientific Fraud . Nature , 325 : 215 – 216 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broad , W. J. 1980 . Would‐be Academician Pirates Papers . Science , 208 : 1438 – 1440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broad , W. J. 1982 . Report Absolves Harvard in Case of Fakery . Science , 215 : 874 – 876 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broad , W. J. and Wade , N. 1982 . Betrayers of the Truth , 256 New York : Simon and Schuster .
   Google Scholar
• Engler , R. L. , Covel , J. W. , Friedman , P. J. , Kitcher , P. A. and Peters , R. M. 1987 . Misrepresentation and Responsibility in Medical Research . New England Journal of Medicine , 317 : 1383 – 1389 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garfield , E. 1987 . The Anomie‐Deviant Behavior Connection: The Theories of Durkheim, Merton, and Srole . September 28 : 3 – 12 . Current Contents: #39
   Google Scholar
• Glick , J. L. 1976 . Reflections and Speculations on the Regulation of Molecular Genetic Research . Annals of the New York Academy of Science , 265 : 178 – 192 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg , D. S. 1986a . Want a Career in Science? Don't Blow the Whistle . The Washington Post , May 15 : F7
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg , D. S. 1986b . Hooked‐Up Science . The Washington Post , Nov. 10
   Google Scholar
• Hermanson , R. H. , Loeb , S. E. , Saada , J. M. and Strawser , R. H. 1980 . Auditing Theory and Practice , Homewood, IL : Richard D. Irwin, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Hilts , P. J. 1987 . Retardation Expert Challenged NIH Draft Says Research Not Carried Out . The Washington Post , March 18 : P1
   Google Scholar
• Holden , C. 1987 . NIMH Finds a Case of “Serious Misconduct,” . Science , 235 : 1566 – 1567 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holden , C. 1987 . Researcher Accused of Plagiarism Resigns . Science , 237 : 1098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holton , G. 1978 . Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences , 9 : 166 – 224 .
   Google Scholar
• Hunt , M. 1981 . A Fraud that Shook the World of Science . The New York Times Magazine , November 1 : 42 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Kohn , A. 1987 . False Prophets: Fraud and Error in Science and Medicine , 240 New York : Basil Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Koshland , D. E. 1987 . Fraud in Science (Editorial) . Science , 235(4785 : 141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koyre , A. 1968 . Metaphysics and Measurement: Essays in Scientific Revolution , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Laderman , R. S. 1987 . Scientific Fraud and Prosecution (Letters) . Science , 236 : 1613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lesnoy , S. D. and Leimer , D. R. 1985 . “Social Security and Private Saving: Theory and Historical Evidence.” . Social Security Bulletin , 48 : 14 – 30 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lewin , B. 1987 . Fraud in Science, The Burden of Proof (Editorial) . Cell , 48 : 1 – 2 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loeb , S. E. and Shamoo , A. E. 1989 . “Data Audit: Its Place in Auditing” . Accountability in Research , 1 : 23 – 32 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marshall , E. 1983 . The Murky World of Toxicity Testing . Science , 220 : 1130 – 1132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miers , M. L. 1985 . “Current NIH Perspectives on Misconduct in Science.” . American Psychologist , 40 : 831 – 835 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nature . 1987a . Fraud, Libel and the Literature . Nature , 325 : 181 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nature . 1987b . Whose Misconduct (Opinion) . Nature , 326 : 814
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Palca , J. 1987 . Cornell Misconduct Case Grinds Slowly to Its Conclusion . Nature , 326 : 816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powledge , T. M. 1986 . NIH's Raub on Misconduct . The Scientist , 15 December : 18 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powledge , T. M. 1987 . Stewart‐Feder (Finally) in Print . The Scientist , 9 February : 12
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shamoo , A. E. and Annau , Z. 1987 . Ensuring Scientific Integrity (Correspondence) . Nature , 327 : 550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern , S. and Sherwood , E. R. 1966 . The Origin of Genetics: A Mendel Source Book , San Francisco : W. H. Freeman and Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Stewart , W. W. and Feder , N. 1987 . The Integrity of the Scientific Literature . Nature , 325 (6101) : 207 – 14 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stossel , T. P. 1987 . Volume: Papers and Academic Promotion . Annals of Internal Medicine , 106 : 146 – 149 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun , M. 1987 . NIH Moves to Debar Cholesterol Researcher . Science , 237 : 718 – 719 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United States—NIH 1986 NIH Vol. 15 . Guide—Special Issue—Policies and Procedures for Dealing with Possible Misconduct . Science , July 18 : 1 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• United States—NSF . 1987 . Federal Register—NSF Proposed Policy . April 13
   Google Scholar
• Wade , N. 1981 . The Rise and Fall of a Scientific Superstar . New Scientist , September 24 : 781 – 782 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westfall , R. S. 1973 . Newton and the Fudge Factor Science , 179 : 751 – 758 .
   Google Scholar
• Zurer , P. S. 1987 . Workshop Airs Research Ethics and Monitoring of Scientific Misconduct . Chem. and Eng. News , October 5 : 44 – 48 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reprinted from Principles of Research Data Audit, ed. by A. E. Shamoo.
   Google Scholar