The influence of a game-making project on male and female learners’ attitudes to computing

References

• Beard , R. and Burrell , A. 2010 . Writing attainment in 9- to 11-year-olds: Some differences between girls and boys in two genres . Language and Education , 24 : 495 – 515 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer, S., Rynes, K., Perrault, J., Hay, K., & Haller, S. (2003). Gender differences in computer science students. In Proceedings of the 34th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education – SIGCSE ’03, 49. New York, NY: ACM Press. doi:10.1145/611892.611930
   Google Scholar
• Bliese , P. D. and Hanges , P. 2004 . Being both too liberal and too conservative: The perils of treating grouped data as though they were independent . Organizational Research Methods , 7 : 400 – 417 . doi: 10.1177/1094428104268542
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbonaro, M., Szafron, D., Cutumisu, M., & Schaeffer, J. (2010). Computer-game construction: A gender-neutral attractor to computing science. Computers & Education, 55, 1098–1111. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.007
   Google Scholar
• Carr , D. and Pelletier , C. 2008 . “ Gamers, gender, and representation ” . In Handbook of research on effective electronic gaming in education , Edited by: Ferdig , R. 911 – 921 . Hershey , PA : Information Science Reference .
   Google Scholar
• Daly, C. (2003). Literature search on improving boys’ writing. Office for Standards in Education. Retrieved from http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/literature-search-improving-boys-writing
   Google Scholar
• Denner , J. , Werner , L. and Ortiz , E. 2012 . Computer games created by middle school girls: Can they be used to measure understanding of computer science concepts? . Computers & Education , 58 : 240 – 249 . doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeVellis , R. 2012 . Scale development: Theory and applications , 3rd ed. , Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage . p. 203
   Google Scholar
• Ericson, B., & Mcklin, T. (2005). Girl scouts compute! Special interest group in computer science education. Retrieved from http://gacomputes.cc.gatech.edu/Members/jpdimond/girlScouts2009-sigcse-barb.pdf
   Google Scholar
• e-skills UK. (2011). Summary Technology Insights 2011: London.
   Google Scholar
• Field , A. 2009 . Discovering statistics using SPSS , 2nd ed. , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Furber, S. (2012). Shut down or restart? The way forward for computing in UK schools. London: The Royal Society. Retrieved from http://royalsociety.org/education/policy/computing-in-schools/report/
   Google Scholar
• Gee , J. P. 2003 . What video games have to teach us about learning and literacy , Basingstoke , NY : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Good , J. and Robertson , J. 2006 . CARSS: A framework for learner-centred design with children . International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education , 16 : 381 – 413 .
   Google Scholar
• Grissom , R. J. 1994 . Probability of the superior outcome of one treatment over another . Journal of Applied Psychology , 79 : 314 – 316 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.79.2.314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, B. M., & Monroy-Hernández, A. (2010). Cooperation and attribution in an online community of young creators. In Proceedings of the ACM conference on computer supported collaborative work (CSCW ’10), Savannah, GA (pp. 2–3).
   Google Scholar
• Howells, C., & Robertson, J. (2012). Children as game designers – new literacy opportunities. In G. Merchant, J. Gillen, J. Marsh, & J. Davies (Eds.), Virtual literacies: Interactive spaces for children and young people. London: Informa UK Limited.
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins , H. and Cassell , J. 2008 . “ From quake Grrrls to desperate housewives ” . In Beyond Barbie and Mortal Kombat: New perspectives on gender and gaming , Edited by: Kafai , Y. , Heeter , C. , Denner , J. and Sun , J. 5 – 20 . Cambridge , MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kafai , Y. 1995 . Minds in play , Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Kafai , Y. B. 2006 . Playing and making games perspectives for game studies . Games and Culture , 10 : 36 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Kaptein, M. C., Nass, C., & Markopoulos, P. (2010). Powerful and consistent analysis of likert-type ratingscales. In Proceedings of the 28th international conference on human factors in computing systems – CHI ’10 (p. 2391). New York, NY: ACM Press. doi:10.1145/1753326.1753686
   Google Scholar
• Kelleher , C. 2008 . “ Using storytelling to introduce girls to computer programming ” . In Beyond Barbie and Mortal Kombat: New perspectives on gender and gaming , Edited by: Kafai , Y. , Heeter , C. , Denner , J. and Sun , J. 247 – 264 . Cambridge , MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kelleher, C., Pausch, R., & Kiesler, S. (2007). Storytelling alice motivates middle school girls to learn computer programming. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems – CHI ’07 (p. 1455). New York, NY: ACM Press. doi:10.1145/1240624.1240844
   Google Scholar
• Klawe , M. , Whitney , T. and Simard , C. 2009 . Women in computing – Take 2 . Communications of the ACM , 52 : 68 – 76 . doi: 10.1007/s00415-011-5991-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang , C. 2010 . Happenstance and compromise: A gendered analysis of students’ computing degree course selection . Computer Science Education , 20 : 317 – 345 . doi: 10.1080/08993408.2010.527699
   Google Scholar
• Margolis , J. and Fisher , A. 2003 . Unlocking the club house: Women in computing , Cambridge , MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Meerbaum-Salant, O., & Ben-Ari, M. M. (2010). Learning computer science concepts with scratch. In ICER 10 Proceedings of the sixth international workshop on computing education research (pp. 69–76). New York, NY: ACM.
   Google Scholar
• Owston, R., Wideman, H., Ronda, N. S., & Brown, C. (2009). Computer game development as a literacy activity. Computers & Education, 53, 977–989. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.05.015
   Google Scholar
• Resnick, M., Maloney, J., Monroy-Hernández, A., Rusk, N., Eastmond, E., Brennan, K., Millner, A., … Kafai, Y. (2009). Scratch: Programming for all. Communications of the ACM, 52, 60–67. doi:10.1145/1592761.1592779
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, J. (2012). Making games in the classroom: Benefits and gender concerns. Computers & Education, 59, 385–398. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.020
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , J. and Good , J. 2005 . Story creation in virtual game worlds . Communications of the ACM , 48 : 61 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, J., & Howells, C. (2008). Computer game design: Opportunities for successful learning. Computers & Education, 50, 559–578. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2007.09.020
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , J. , Macvean , A. and Howland , K. 2012 . “ Embedding technology in the classroom: The train the teacher model ” . In Interaction Design and Children 2012 , Bremen : ACM Press .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, J., & Nicholson, K. (2007). Adventure Author: A learning environment to support creative design. In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on interaction design and children (pp. 37–44). Aalborg: ACM. doi:10.1145/1297277.1297285.
   Google Scholar
• Salen, K., Torres, R., Wolozin, L., Rufo-Tepper, R., & Shapiro, A. (2011). Quest to learn: Developing the school for digital kids. In D. John & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Reports on Digital Media and Learning. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England: The MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shah , D. A. and Madden , L. V. 2004 . Nonparametric analysis of ordinal data . Phytopathology , 94 : 33 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh , K. , Allen , K. R. , Scheckler , R. and Darlington , L. 2007 . Women in computer-related majors: A critical synthesis of research and theory from 1994 to 2005 . Review of Educational Research , 77 : 500 – 533 . doi: 10.3102/0034654307309919
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner, C. M., Kickmeier-rust, M. D., & Albert, D. (2009). Little big difference: gender aspects and gender-based adaptation in educational games. In Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development. Lecture Notes on Computer Science (Vol. 5670, pp. 150–161).
   Google Scholar
• Utting, I., Cooper, S., Kölling, M., Maloney, J., and Resnick, M. (2010). Alice, greenfoot and scratch – A discussion. ACM Transaction on Computer Education, 10, 11pp. (Article No. 17).
   Google Scholar
• Varma , R. 2010 . Why so few women enroll in computing? Gender and ethnic differences in students’ perception . Computer Science Education , 20 : 301 – 316 . doi: 10.1080/08993408.2010.527697
   Google Scholar
• Vos, N., van der Meijden, H., & Denessen, E. (2011). Effects of constructing versus playing an educational game on student motivation and deep learning strategy use. Computers & Education, 56, 127–137. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.08.013
   Google Scholar