Enzymatically synthesized megalo-type isomaltosaccharides enhance the barrier function of the tight junction in the intestinal epithelium

References

• Furuse M, Hata M, Furuse K, et al. Claudin-based tight junctions are crucial for the mammalian epidermal barrier: a lesson from claudin-1-deficient mice. J Cell Biol. 2002;156:1099–1111.10.1083/jcb.200110122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanov AI, McCall IC, Parkos CA, et al. Role for actin filament turnover and a myosin II motor in cytoskeleton-driven disassembly of the epithelial apical junctional complex. Mol Biol Cell. 2004;15:2639–2651.10.1091/mbc.E04-02-0163
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen L, Black ED, Witkowski ED, et al. Myosin light chain phosphorylation regulates barrier function by remodeling tight junction structure. J Cell Sci. 2006;119:2095–2106.10.1242/jcs.02915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nusrat A, Giry M, Turner JR, et al. Rho protein regulates tight junctions and perijunctional actin organization in polarized epithelia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995;92:10629–10633.10.1073/pnas.92.23.10629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segain JP, Raingeard de la Blétière D, Sauzeau V, et al. Rho kinase blockade prevents inflammation via nuclear factor kappa B inhibition: evidence in Crohn’s disease and experimental colitis. Gastroenterology 2003;124:1180–1187.10.1016/S0016-5085(03)00283-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold TR, Stephenson RE, Miller AL. Rho GTPases and actomyosin: partners in regulating epithelial cell–cell junction structure and function. Exp Cell Res. 2017;358:20–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winer DA, Luck H, Tsai S, et al. The intestinal immune system in obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2016;23:413–426.10.1016/j.cmet.2016.01.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endo H, Niioka M, Kobayashi N, et al. Butyrate-producing probiotics reduce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression in rats: new insight into the probiotics for the gut-liver axis. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e63388.10.1371/journal.pone.0063388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner JR. Intestinal mucosal barrier function in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9:799–809.10.1038/nri2653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandl K, Schnabl B. Is intestinal inflammation linking dysbiosis to gut barrier dysfunction during liver disease? Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;9:1069–1076.10.1586/17474124.2015.1057122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lechuga S, Ivanov AI. Disruption of the epithelial barrier during intestinal inflammation: quest for new molecules and mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2017;1864:1183–1194.10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.03.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki T, Hara H. Dietary fat and bile juice, but not obesity, are responsible for the increase in small intestinal permeability induced through the suppression of tight junction protein expression in LETO and OLETF rats. Nutr Metab. 2010;7:19.10.1186/1743-7075-7-19
   Google Scholar
• Lindmark T, Nikkila T, Artursson P. Mechanisms of absorption enhancement by medium chain fatty acids in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1995;275:958–964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohata A, Usami M, Miyoshi M. Short-chain fatty acids alter tight junction permeability in intestinal monolayer cells via lipoxygenase activation. Nutrition 2005;21:838–847.10.1016/j.nut.2004.12.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki T, Yoshida S, Hara H. Physiological concentrations of short-chain fatty acids immediately suppress colonic epithelial permeability. Br J Nutr. 2008;100:297–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Q, Zhang Q, Wang M, et al. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent disruption of epithelial barrier function induced by proinflammatory cytokines. Mol Immunol. 2008;45:1356–1365.10.1016/j.molimm.2007.09.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basuroy S, Sheth P, Mansbach CM, et al. Acetaldehyde disrupts tight junctions and adherens junctions in human colonic mucosa: protection by EGF and L-glutamine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005;289:G367–G375.10.1152/ajpgi.00464.2004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki T, Hara H. Role of flavonoids in intestinal tight junction regulation. J Nutr Biochem. 2011;22:401–408.10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.08.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercado J, Valenzano MC, Jeffers C, et al. Enhancement of tight junctional barrier function by micronutrients: compound-specific effects on permeability and claudin composition. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e78775.10.1371/journal.pone.0078775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang W, Kumagai Y, Sadahiro J, et al. Different molecular complexity of linear-isomaltomegalosaccharides and β-cyclodextrin on enhancing solubility of azo dye ethyl red: towards dye biodegradation. Bioresour Technol. 2014;169:518–524.10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinoki A, Lang W, Thawornkuno C, et al. A novel mechanism for the promotion of quercetin glycoside absorption by megalo α-1,6-glucosaccharide in the rat small intestine. Food Chem. 2013;136:293–296.10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves PG, Nielsen FH, Fahey GC. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nutr. 1993;123:1939–1951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews LC, Taggart MJ, Westwood M. Effect of cholesterol depletion on mitogenesis and survival: the role of caveolar and noncaveolar domains in insulin-like growth factor-mediated cellular function. Endocrinology 2005;146:5463–5473.10.1210/en.2005-0236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh RD, Puri V, Valiyaveettil JT, et al. Selective caveolin-1-dependent endocytosis of glycosphingolipids. Mol Biol Cell. 2003;14:3254–3265.10.1091/mbc.E02-12-0809
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torgersen ML, Skretting G, van Deurs B, et al. Internalization of cholera toxin by different endocytic mechanisms. J Cell Sci. 2001;114:3737–3747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macia E, Ehrlich M, Massol R, et al. Dynasore, a cell-permeable inhibitor of dynamin. Dev Cell. 2006;10:839–850.10.1016/j.devcel.2006.04.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Wang S, Lu X, et al. Cholesterol sequestration by nystatin enhances the uptake and activity of endostatin in endothelium via regulating distinct endocytic pathways. Blood 2011;117:6392–6403.10.1182/blood-2010-12-322867
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu D, Turner JR. Stimulus-induced reorganization of tight junction structure: the role of membrane traffic. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008;1778:709–716.10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.07.027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh P, McIntosh DP, Schnitzer JE. Dynamin at the neck of caveolae mediates their budding to form transport vesicles by GTP-driven fission from the plasma membrane of endothelium. J Cell Biol. 1998;141:101–114.10.1083/jcb.141.1.101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg DS, Ghandehari H, Swaan PW. Cellular entry of G3.5 poly (amido amine) dendrimers by clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis promotes tight junctional opening in intestinal epithelia. Pharm Res. 2010;27:1547–1557.10.1007/s11095-010-0153-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simons K, Toomre D. Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000;1:31–39.10.1038/35036052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakhan SE, Sabharanjak S, De A. Endocytosis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. J Biomed Sci. 2009;16:93.10.1186/1423-0127-16-93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sangiorgio V, Pitto M, Palestini P, et al. GPI-anchored proteins and lipid rafts. Ital J Biochem. 2004;53:98–111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown GD, Gordon S. Immune recognition. A new receptor for beta-glucans. Nature 2001;413:36–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volman JJ, Mensink RP, Ramakers JD, et al. Dietary (1–>3), (1–>4)-beta-D-glucans from oat activate nuclear factor-kappaB in intestinal leukocytes and enterocytes from mice. Nutr Res. 2010;30:40–48.10.1016/j.nutres.2009.10.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen-Kedar S, Baram L, Elad H, et al. Human intestinal epithelial cells respond to β-glucans via Dectin-1 and Syk. Eur J Immunol. 2014;44:3729–3740.10.1002/eji.201444876
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung TV, Suzuki T. Dietary fermentable fiber reduces intestinal barrier defects and inflammation in colitic mice. J Nutr. 2016;146:1970–1979.10.3945/jn.116.232538
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar