More Accurate Diagnosis of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma Using a Combination of Diagnostic Test Results: A Prospective Observational Study

References

• Chan CC, Rubenstein JL, Coupland SE, et al. Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a report from an international primary central nervous system lymphoma collaborative group symposium. Oncologist. 2011;16:1589–1599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sagoo MS, Mehta H, Swampillai AJ, et al. Primary intraocular lymphoma. Surv Ophthalmol. 2014;59(5):503–516. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.12.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Augsburger JJ, Greatrex KV. Intraocular lymphoma: clinical presentations, differential diagnosis and treatment. Trans Pa Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1989;41:796–808.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Akpek EK, Ahmed I, Hochberg FH, et al. Intraocular-central nervous system lymphoma: clinical features, diagnosis, and outcomes. Ophthalmology. 1999;106(9):1805–1810. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90341-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Char DH, Ljung BM, Miller T, Phillips T. Primary intraocular lymphoma (ocular reticulum cell sarcoma) diagnosis and management. Ophthalmology. 1988;95(5):625–630. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(88)33145-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimura K, Usui Y, Goto H. Clinical features and diagnostic significance of the intraocular fluid of 217 patients with intraocular lymphoma. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2012;56(4):383–389. doi:10.1007/s10384-012-0150-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buggage RR, Chan -C-C, Nussenblatt RB. Ocular manifestations of central nervous system lymphoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 2001;13(3):137–142. doi:10.1097/00001622-200105000-00001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gass JD, Sever RJ, Grizzard WS, et al. Multifocal pigment epithelial detachments by reticulum cell sarcoma. A characteristic funduscopic picture. Retina. 1984;4(3):135–143. doi:10.1097/00006982-198400430-00001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang CS, Yeh S, Bergstrom CS. Diagnostic vitrectomy for primary intraocular lymphoma: when, why, how? Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2014;54(2):155–171. doi:10.1097/IIO.0000000000000022.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barry RJ, Tasiopoulou A, Murray PI, et al. Characteristic optical coherence tomography findings in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a novel aid to early diagnosis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018;102(10):1362–1366. doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan CC, Wallace DJ. Intraocular lymphoma: update on diagnosis and management. Cancer Control. 2004;11(5):285–295. doi:10.1177/107327480401100502.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davis JL, Miller DM, Ruiz P. Diagnostic testing of vitrectomy specimens. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;140(5):822–829. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2005.05.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coupland SE, Heimann H, Bechrakis NE. Primary intraocular lymphoma: a review of the clinical, histopathological and molecular biological features. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2004;242(11):901–913. doi:10.1007/s00417-004-0973-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pochat-Cotilloux C, Bienvenu J, Nguyen AM, et al. Use of a threshold of interleukin-10 and IL-10/IL-6 ratio in ocular samples for the screening of vitreoretinal lymphoma. Retina. 2018;38(4):773–781. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000001922.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitcup SM, de Smet MD, Rubin BI, et al. Intraocular lymphoma. Clinical and histopathologic diagnosis. Ophthalmology. 1993;100(9):1399–1406. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(93)31469-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugita S, Takase H, Sugamoto Y, et al. Diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma by polymerase chain reaction analysis and cytokine profiling of the vitreous fluid. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2009;53(3):209–214. doi:10.1007/s10384-009-0662-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang LJ, Gu CL, Zhang P. Intraocular lymphoma. Int J Ophthalmol. 2017;10(8):1301–1307. doi:10.18240/ijo.2017.08.19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawano-Yamamoto C, Muroi K, Izumi T, et al. Two-color flow cytometry with a CD19 gate for the evaluation of bone marrow involvement of B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002;43(11):2133–2137. doi:10.1080/1042819021000033051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis JL, Viciana AL, Ruiz P. Diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma by flow cytometry. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;124(3):362–372. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(14)70828-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen DF, Zhuang Z, LeHoang P, et al. Utility of microdissection and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and translocation in primary intraocular lymphoma. Ophthalmology. 1998;105(9):1664–1669. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(98)99036-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baehring JM, Androudi S, Longtine JJ, et al. Analysis of clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangements in ocular lymphoma. Cancer. 2005;104(3):591–597. doi:10.1002/cncr.21191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Shen D, Wang VM, et al. Molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(9):5684–5697. doi:10.3390/ijms12095684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaburaki T, Taoka K, Matsuda J, et al. Combined intravitreal methotrexate and immunochemotherapy followed by reduced-dose whole-brain radiotherapy for newly diagnosed B-cell primary intraocular lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2017;179(2):246–255. doi:10.1111/bjh.14848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirahama S, Kaburaki T, Nakahara H, et al. Epidemiology of uveitis (2013-2015) and changes in the patterns of uveitis (2004-2015) in the central Tokyo area: a retrospective study. BMC Ophthalmol. 2018;18(1):189. doi:10.1186/s12886-018-0871-6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sugita S, Ogawa M, Shimizu N, et al. Use of a comprehensive polymerase chain reaction system for diagnosis of ocular infectious diseases. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(9):1761–1768. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.02.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Hey E, Baarsma GS, De Vries J, Kijlstra A. Clinical analysis of Fuchs‘ heterochromic cyclitis. Doc Ophthalmol. 1991;78(3–4):225–235. doi:10.1007/BF00165685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi T, Hanada A, Horie S, et al. Evaluation of characteristic ocular signs and systemic investigations in ocular sarcoidosis patients. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2007;51(2):121–126. doi:10.1007/s10384-006-0413-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahajan S, Nijhawan R, Rajwanshi A, et al. Clinical characteristics of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma in an Indian Population. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017;25(5):633–638. doi:10.3109/09273948.2016.1139731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abu Samra K, Oray M, Ebrahimiadib N, et al. Intraocular lymphoma: descriptive data of 26 patients including clinico-pathologic features, vitreous findings, and treatment outcomes. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(3):347–352. doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1193206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajagopal R, Harbour JW. Diagnostic testing and treatment choices in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma. Retina. 2011;31(3):435–440. doi:10.1097/IAE.0b013e31820a6743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf LA, Reed GF, Buggage RR, et al. Vitreous cytokine levels. Ophthalmology. 2003;110(8):1671–1672. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00811-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan -C-C, Whitcup SM, Solomon D, Nussenblatt RB. Interleukin-10 in the vitreous of patients with primary intraocular lymphoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;120(5):671–673. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(14)72217-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vallat L, Benhamou Y, Gutierrez M, et al. Clonal B cell populations in the blood and liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50(11):3668–3678. doi:10.1002/art.20594.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Missotten T, Tielemans D, Bromberg JE, et al. Multicolor flowcytometric immunophenotyping is a valuable tool for detection of intraocular lymphoma. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(5):991–996. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.11.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fend F, Ferreri AJM, Coupland SE. How we diagnose and treat vitreoretinal lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2016;173(5):680–692. doi:10.1111/bjh.14025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonzheim I, Giese S, Deuter C, et al. High frequency of MYD88 mutations in vitreoretinal B-cell lymphoma: a valuable tool to improve diagnostic yield of vitreous aspirates. Blood. 2015;126(1):76–79. doi:10.1182/blood-2015-01-620518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raja H, Salomão DR, Viswanatha DS, Pulido JS. Prevalence of MYD88 L265P mutation in histologically proven, diffuse large B-cell vitreoretinal lymphoma. Retina. 2016;36(3):624–628. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakkassery V, Schroers R, Coupland SE, et al. Vitreous microRNA levels as diagnostic biomarkers for vitreoretinal lymphoma. Blood. 2017;129(23):3130–3133. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-01-765180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar