Treatment Outcomes of Intravitreal Aflibercept for Uveitic Macular Edema

References

• Rothova A, Suttorp-van Schulten MS, Frits Treffers W, Kijlstra A. Causes and frequency of blindness in patients with intraocular inflammatory disease. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80(4):332–336. doi:10.1136/bjo.80.4.332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suttorp-Schulten MS, Rothova A. The possible impact of uveitis in blindness: a literature survey. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80(9):844–848. doi:10.1136/bjo.80.9.844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fardeau C, Champion E, Massamba N, LeHoang P. Uveitic macular edema. Eye. 2016;30(10):1277–1292. doi:10.1038/eye.2016.115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li YH, Hsu SL, Sheu SJ. A review of local therapy for the management of cystoid macular edema in uveitis. Asia-Pac J Ophthalmol. 2021;10(1):87–92. doi:10.1097/APO.0000000000000352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koronis S, Stavrakas P, Balidis M, Kozeis N, Tranos PG. Update in treatment of uveitic macular edema. Drug Des Dev Ther. 2019;13:667–680. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S166092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schallhorn JM, Niemeyer KM, Browne EN, Chhetri P, Acharya NR. Difluprednate for the treatment of uveitic cystoid macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;191:14–22. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2018.03.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sen HN, Vitale S, Gangaputra SS, et al. Periocular corticosteroid injections in uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2014;121(11):2275–2286. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.05.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sallam A, Taylor SRJ, Habot-Wilner Z, et al. Repeat intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injections in uveitic macular oedema: Acta Ophthalmologica 2011. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 2012;90(4):e323–e325. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02247.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorne JE, Sugar EA, Holbrook JT, et al. Periocular Triamcinolone vs. Intravitreal Triamcinolone vs. Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for the Treatment of Uveitic Macular Edema. Ophthalmology. 2019;126(2):283–295. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.08.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cordero Coma M, Sobrin L, Onal S, Christen W, Foster CS. Intravitreal bevacizumab for treatment of uveitic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2007;114(8):1574–1579.e1. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.11.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackensen F, Heinz C, Becker MD, Heiligenhaus A. Intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) as a treatment for refractory macular edema in patients with uveitis: A pilot study. Retina. 2008;28(1):41–45. doi:10.1097/IAE.0b013e318156db75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acharya NR, Hong KC, Lee SM. Ranibizumab for refractory uveitis-related macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;148(2):303–309.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2009.03.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghasemi Falavarjani K, Nguyen QD. Adverse events and complications associated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents: A review of literature. Eye. 2013;27(7):787–794. doi:10.1038/eye.2013.107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fine HF, Baffi J, Reed GF, Csaky KG, Nussenblatt RB. Aqueous humor and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in uveitis-associated cystoid macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;132(5):794–796. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(01)01103-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daruich A, Matet A, Moulin A, et al. Mechanisms of macular edema: Beyond the surface. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2018;63:20–68. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.10.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Smet MD, Okada AA. Cystoid macular edema in uveitis. In: Coscas G, Cunha-Vaz J, Loewenstein A, and Soubrane G, eds. Developments in ophthalmology. Vol. 47. Basel: KARGER; 2010: 136–147. doi:10.1159/000320077.
   Google Scholar
• Ziemssen F, Deuter CM, Stuebiger N, Zierhut M. Weak transient response of chronic uveitic macular edema to intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2007;245(6):917–918. doi:10.1007/s00417-006-0512-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swituła M. Complete and permanent regression of persistent uveitic cystoid macular edema after single intravitreal injection of aflibercept in patient previously treated with multiple intravitreal injections of ranibizumab and bevacizumab. Klin Oczna. 2015;117:31–34.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gregori NZ, Feuer W, Rosenfeld PJ. Novel method for analyzing Snellen visual acuity measurements. Retina Phila Pa. 2010;30(7):1046–1050. doi:10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181d87e04.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature for Reporting Clinical Data. Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the first international workshop. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;140(3):509–516. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2005.03.057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2010. http://www.R-project.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Bae JH, Lee CS, Lee SC. Efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab compared with intravitreal and posterior sub-tenon triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of uveitic cystoid macular edema. Retina. 2011;31(1):111–118. doi:10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181e378af.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avery RL, Castellarin AA, Steinle NC, et al. Systemic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravitreal aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab. Retina. 2017;37(10):1847–1858. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000001493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciombor KK, Berlin J. Aflibercept—a decoy VEGF receptor. Curr Oncol Rep. 2014;16(2):368. doi:10.1007/s11912-013-0368-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen QD, De Falco S, Behar-Cohen F, et al. Placental growth factor and its potential role in diabetic retinopathy and other ocular neovascular diseases. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 2018;96(1):e1–e9. doi:10.1111/aos.13325.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Bergen T, Etienne I, Cunningham F, et al. The role of Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) and its receptor system in retinal vascular diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2019;69:116–136. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy AK, Cabrera M, Yeh S, Davis JL, Albini TA. Optical coherence tomography–guided ranibizumab injection for cystoid macular edema in well-controlled uveitis: Twelve-month outcomes. Retina. 2014;34(12):2431–2438. doi:10.1097/IAE.0000000000000274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial (MUST) Research Group, Writing Committee, Acharya NR, Vitale AT, Sugar EA, et al. Intravitreal therapy for uveitic macular edema—Ranibizumab versus methotrexate versus the dexamethasone implant. Ophthalmology. 2023;130(9):914–923. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.04.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar