References
- Alaasam VJ, Duncan R, Casagrande S, Davies S, Sidher A, Seymoure B, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang JQ. 2018. Light at night disrupts nocturnal rest and elevates glucocorticoids at cool color temperatures. J Exp Zool Part A. 329(8–9):465–472. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2168.
- Alaasam VJ, Liu X, Niu Y, Habibian JS, Pieraut S, Ferguson BS, Zhang Y, Ouyang JQ. 2021. Effects of dim artificial light at night on locomotor activity, cardiovascular physiology, and circadian clock genes in a diurnal songbird. Environ Pollut. 282:117036. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117036.
- Amlaner CJ Jr, Ball NJ. 1983. A synthesis of sleep in wild birds. Behaviour. 87(1–2):85–119. doi:https://doi.org/10.1163/156853983X00138.
- Aulsebrook AE, Connelly F, Johnsson RD, Jones TM, Mulder RA, Hall ML, Vyssotski AL, Lesku JA. 2020a. White and amber light at night disrupt sleep physiology in birds. Curr Biol. 30(18):3657–3663. e5. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.085.
- Aulsebrook AE, Johnsson RD, Lesku JA. 2021. Light, sleep and performance in diurnal birds. Clocks & Sleep. 3(1):115–131. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep3010008.
- Aulsebrook AE, Lesku JA, Mulder RA, Goymann W, Vyssotski AL, Jones TM. 2020b. Streetlights disrupt night-time sleep in urban black swans. Front Ecol Evol. 8:131. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00131.
- Bedrosian TA, Fonken LK, Walton JC, Nelson RJ. 2011. Chronic exposure to dim light at night suppresses immune responses in Siberian hamsters. Biol Lett. 7(3):468–471. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.1108.
- Da Silva A, Samplonius JM, Schlicht E, Valcu M, Kempenaers B. 2014. Artificial night lighting rather than traffic noise affects the daily timing of dawn and dusk singing in common European songbirds. Behav Ecol. 25(5):1037–1047. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/aru103.
- Da Silva A, Valcu M, Kempenaers B. 2015. Light pollution alters the phenology of dawn and dusk singing in common European songbirds. Philos Trans R Soc B. 370(1667):20140126. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0126.
- Da Silva A, Valcu M, Kempenaers B. 2016. Behavioural plasticity in the onset of dawn song under intermittent experimental night lighting. Anim Behav. 117:155–165. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.05.001.
- Davies TW, Bennie J, Inger R, de Ibarra NH, Gaston KJ. 2013. Artificial light pollution: are shifting spectral signatures changing the balance of species interactions?. Glob Change Biol. 19(5):1417–1423. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12166.
- de Jong M, Caro SP, Gienapp P, Spoelstra K, Visser ME. 2017. Early birds by light at night: effects of light color and intensity on daily activity patterns in blue tits. J Biol Rhythms. 32(4):323–333. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0748730417719168.
- de Jong M, Jeninga L, Ouyang JQ, van Oers K, Spoelstra K, Visser ME. 2016. Dose-dependent responses of avian daily rhythms to artificial light at night. Physiol Behav. 155:172–179. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.12.012.
- Dominoni D, Smit JAH, Visser ME, Halfwerk W. 2020a. Multisensory pollution: artificial light at night and anthropogenic noise have interactive effects on activity patterns of great tits (Parus major). Environ Pollut. 256:113314. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113314.
- Dominoni DM. 2015. The effects of light pollution on biological rhythms of birds: an integrated, mechanistic perspective. J Ornithol. 156(S1):409–418. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-015-1196-3.
- Dominoni DM, Carmona-Wagner EO, Hofmann M, Kranstauber B, Partecke J. 2014. Individual-based measurements of light intensity provide new insights into the effects of artificial light at night on daily rhythms of urban-dwelling songbirds. J Anim Ecol. 83(3):681–692. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12150.
- Dominoni DM, Helm B, Lehmann M, Dowse HB, Partecke J. 2013a. Clocks for the city: circadian differences between forest and city songbirds. Proc R Soc B. 280(1763):20130593. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0593.
- Dominoni DM, Jensen JK, de Jong M, Visser ME, Spoelstra K. 2020b. Artificial light at night, in interaction with spring temperature, modulates timing of reproduction in a passerine bird. Ecol Appl. 30(3):e02062. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2062.
- Dominoni DM, Quetting M, Partecke J. 2013b. Long-term effects of chronic light pollution on seasonal functions of European blackbirds (Turdus merula). PLoS One. 8(12):e85069. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085069.
- Falchi F, Cinzano P, Duriscoe D, Kyba CCM, Elvidge CD, Baugh K, Portnov BA, Rybnikova NA, Furgoni R. 2016. The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness. Sci Adv. 2(6):e1600377. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600377.
- Gaston KJ, Bennie J, Davies TW, Hopkins J. 2013. The ecological impacts of nighttime light pollution: a mechanistic appraisal. Biol Rev. 88(4):912–927. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12036.
- Gaston KJ, Davies TW, Bennie J, Hopkins J. 2012. Review: reducing the ecological consequences of night-time light pollution: options and developments. J Appl Ecol. 49(6):1256–1266. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02212.x.
- Gaston KJ, Duffy JP, Gaston S, Bennie J, Davies TW. 2014. Human alteration of natural light cycles: causes and ecological consequences. Oecologia. 176(4):917–931. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3088-2.
- Gehring J, Kerlinger P, Manville AM II. 2009. Communication towers, lights, and birds: successful methods of reducing the frequency of avian collisions. Ecol Appl. 19(2):505–514. doi:https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1708.1.
- Greives TJ, Kingma SA, Kranstauber B, Mortega K, Wikelski M, van Oers K, Mateman AC, Ferguson GA, Beltrami G, Hau M. 2015. Costs of sleeping in: circadian rhythms influence cuckoldry risk in a songbird. Funct Ecol. 29(10):1300–1307. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12440.
- Grubisic M, Haim A, Bhusal P, Dominoni DM, Gabriel KMA, Jechow A, Kupprat F, Lerner A, Marchant P, Riley W, et al. 2019. Light pollution, circadian photoreception, and melatonin in vertebrates. Sustainability. 11(22):6400. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su11226400.
- Grunst ML, Raap T, Grunst AS, Pinxten R, Parenteau C, Angelier F, Eens M. 2020. Early-life exposure to artificial light at night elevates physiological stress in free-living songbirds. Environ Pollut. 259:113895. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113895.
- Han P, Huang J, Li R, Wang L, Hu Y, Wang J, Huang W. 2014. Monitoring trends in light pollution in China based on nighttime satellite imagery. Remote Sens. 6(6):5541–5558. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6065541.
- Hölker F, Moss T, Griefahn B, Kloas W, Voigt CC, Henckel D, Hänel A, Kappeler PM, Völker S, Schwope A, et al. 2010. The dark side of light: a transdisciplinary research agenda for light pollution policy. Ecol Soc. 15(4):13. doi:https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03685-150413.
- Jiang J, He Y, Kou H, Ju Z, Gao X, Zhao H. 2020. The effects of artificial light at night on Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus): behavioral rhythm disruption, melatonin suppression and intestinal microbiota alterations. Ecol Indic. 108:105702. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105702.
- Jones J, Francis CM. 2003. The effects of light characteristics on avian mortality at lighthouses. J Avian Biol. 34(4):328–333. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0908-8857.2003.03183.x.
- Kempenaers B, Borgström P, Loës P, Schlicht E, Valcu M. 2010. Artificial night lighting affects dawn song, extra-pair siring success, and lay date in songbirds. Curr Biol. 20(19):1735–1739. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2010.08.028.
- Kumar P, Rehman S, Sajjad H, Tripathy BR, Rani M, Singh S. 2019. Analyzing trend in artificial light pollution pattern in India using NTL sensor’s data. Urban Clim. 27:272–283. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2018.12.005.
- Kupprat F, Hölker F, Kloas W. 2020. Can skyglow reduce nocturnal melatonin concentrations in Eurasian perch?. Environ Pollut. 262:114324. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114324.
- Liu G, Peng X, Ren Z, Liu M, Dang R, Chen Y, Liu F. 2019. The effect of artificial light with different SPDs and intensities on the sleep onset of silvereyes. Biol Rhythm Res. 50(5):787–804. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2018.1498201.
- Lynn KD, Quintanilla-Ahumada D, Anguita C, Widdicombe S, Pulgar J, Manríquez PH, Quijón PA, Duarte C. 2021. Artificial light at night alters the activity and feeding behaviour of sandy beach amphipods and pose a threat to their ecological role in Atlantic Canada. Sci Total Environ. 780:146568. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146568.
- Miller MW. 2006. Apparent effects of light pollution on singing behavior of American robins. Condor. 108(1):130–139. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/108.1.130.
- Moaraf S, Vistoropsky Y, Pozner T, Heiblum R, Okuliarová M, Zeman M, Barnea A. 2020. Artificial light at night affects brain plasticity and melatonin in birds. Neurosci Lett. 716:134639. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134639.
- Mu H, Li X, Du X, Huang J, Su W, Hu T, Wen Y, Yin P, Han Y, Xue F. 2021. Evaluation of light pollution in global protected areas from 1992 to 2018. Remote Sens. 13(9):1849. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13091849.
- Nießner C, Denzau S, Peichl L, Wiltschko W, Wiltschko R. 2018. Magnetoreception: activation of avian cryptochrome 1a in various light conditions. J Comp Physiol A. 204(12):977–984. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-018-1296-7.
- Ouyang JQ, de Jong M, Hau M, Visser ME, van Grunsven RHA, Spoelstra K. 2015. Stressful colours: corticosterone concentrations in a free-living songbird vary with the spectral composition of experimental illumination. Biol Lett. 11(8):20150517. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0517.
- Ouyang JQ, de Jong M, van Grunsven RHA, Matson KD, Haussmann MF, Meerlo P, Visser ME, Spoelstra K. 2017. Restless roosts: light pollution affects behavior, sleep, and physiology in a free-living songbird. Glob Change Biol. 23(11):4987–4994. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13756.
- Owens ACS, Lewis SM. 2018. The impact of artificial light at night on nocturnal insects: a review and synthesis. Ecol Evol. 8(22):11337–11358. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4557.
- Pinzon-Rodriguez A, Muheim R. 2017. Zebra finches have a light-dependent magnetic compass similar to migratory birds. J Exp Biol. 220(7):1202–1209. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.148098.
- Poesel A, Kunc HP, Foerster K, Johnsen A, Kempenaers B. 2006. Early birds are sexy: male age, dawn song and extrapair paternity in blue tits, Cyanistes (formerly Parus) caeruleus. Anim Behav. 72(3):531–538. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.10.022.
- Raap T, Pinxten R, Eens M. 2015. Light pollution disrupts sleep in free-living animals. Sci Rep. 5:13557. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13557.
- Raap T, Pinxten R, Eens M. 2016. Artificial light at night disrupts sleep in female great tits (Parus major) during the nestling period, and is followed by a sleep rebound. Environ Pollut. 215:125–134. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.100.
- Rich C, Longcore T. 2006. Ecological consequences of artificial night lighting. Washington D.C.: Island Press.
- Roth TC, Rattenborg NC, Pravosudov VV. 2010. The ecological relevance of sleep: the trade-off between sleep, memory and energy conservation. Philos Trans R Soc B. 365(1542):945–959. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0209.
- Sanders D, Frago E, Kehoe R, Patterson C, Gaston KJ. 2021. A meta-analysis of biological impacts of artificial light at night. Nat Ecol Evol. 5(1):74–81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-01322-x.
- Spoelstra K, van Grunsven RHA, Donners M, Gienapp P, Huigens ME, Slaterus R, Berendse F, Visser ME, Veenendaal E. 2015. Experimental illumination of natural habitat-an experimental set-up to assess the direct and indirect ecological consequences of artificial light of different spectral composition. Philos Trans R Soc B. 370(1667):20140129. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0129.
- Steinmeyer C, Mueller JC, Kempenaers B. 2013. Individual variation in sleep behaviour in blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus: assortative mating and associations with fitness-related traits. J Avian Biol. 44(2):159–168. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2012.05750.x.
- Steinmeyer C, Schielzeth H, Mueller JC, Kempenaers B. 2010. Variation in sleep behaviour in free-living blue tits, Cyanistes caeruleus: effects of sex, age and environment. Anim Behav. 80(5):853–864. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.08.005.
- Ulgezen ZN, Käpylä T, Meerlo P, Spoelstra K, Visser ME, Dominoni DM. 2019. The preference and costs of sleeping under light at night in forest and urban great tits. Proc R Soc B. 286(1905):20190872. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0872.
- Vorster AP, Born J. 2015. Sleep and memory in mammals, birds and invertebrates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 50:103–119. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.020.
- Wiltschko R, Munro U, Ford H, Stapput K, Wiltschko W. 2008. Light-dependent magnetoreception: orientation behaviour of migratory birds under dim red light. J Exp Biol. 211(20):3344–3350. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.020313.
- Wiltschko W, Gesson M, Wiltschko R. 2001. Magnetic compass orientation of European robins under 565 nm green light. Naturwissenschaften. 88(9):387–390. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s001140100248.
- Wiltschko W, Munro U, Ford H, Wiltschko R. 1993. Red light disrupts magnetic orientation of migratory birds. Nature. 364(6437):525–527. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/364525a0.
- Xue X, Lin Y, Zheng Q, Wang K, Zhang J, Deng J, Abubakar GA, Gan M. 2020. Mapping the fine-scale spatial pattern of artificial light pollution at night in urban environments from the perspective of bird habitats. Sci Total Environ. 702:134725. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134725.
- Yadav G, Malik S, Rani S, Kumar V. 2015. Role of light wavelengths in synchronization of circadian physiology in songbirds. Physiol & Behav. 140:164–171. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.032.
- Zhao X, Chen M, Wu Z, Wang Z. 2014. Factors influencing phototaxis in nocturnal migrating birds. Zool Sci. 31(12):781–788. doi:https://doi.org/10.2108/zs130237.
- Zhao X, Zhang M, Che X, Zou F. 2020. Blue light attracts nocturnally migrating birds. Condor. 122(2):duaa002. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duaa002.
- Ziegler A-K, Watson H, Hegemann A, Meitern R, Canoine V, Nilsson J-Å, Isaksson C. 2021. Exposure to artificial light at night alters innate immune response in wild great tit nestlings. J Exp Biol. 224(10):jeb239350. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.239350.