Differences in oscillation frequencies between two key enzymes of aromatic amino acid catabolism in Euglena: Circadian rhythmicity of tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase vs. predominance of ultradian periods in tyrosine aminotransferase

References

• BALZER , I. , NEUHAUS‐STEINMETZ , U. and HARDELAND , R. 1989a . Temperature compensation in an ultradian rhythm of tyrosine aminotransferase activity in Euglena gracilis Klebs . Experientia , 45 : 476 – 477 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BALZER , I. , NEUHAUS‐STEINMETZ , U. , QUENTIN , E. , VAN WÜLLEN , M. and HARDELAND , R. 1989b . Concomitance of circadian and circa‐4‐hour ultradian rhythms in Euglena gracilis . J. Interdiscipl. Cycle Res. , 20 : 15 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• DIAMONDSTONE , T.I. 1966 . Assay of tyrosine transaminase activity by conversion of p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate to p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde . Analyt. Biochem. , 16 : 395 – 401 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EDMUNDS , L.N. Jr. 1975 . “ Temporal differentiation in Euglena: Circadian phenomena in non‐dividing populations and in synchronously dividing cells ” . In Les Cycles Cellulaires et leur Blocage chez Plusieurs Protistes , Colloques Int. C.N.R.S., No. 20 Edited by: Lefort‐Tran , M. and Valencia , R. 53 – 67 . Paris : Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique .
   Google Scholar
• EDMUNDS , L.N. Jr. , SULZMAN , F.M. and WALTHER , W.G. 1974 . “ Circadian oscillations in enzyme activity in Euglena and their relation to circadian rhythm of cell division ” . In Chronobiology , Edited by: Scheving , L.E. , Halberg , F. and Pauly , J.E. 61 – 66 . Tokyo : Igaku Shoin .
   Google Scholar
• FEIGELSON , P. and GREENGARD , O. 1961 . A microsomal iron‐porphyrin activator of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase . J. Biol. Chem. , 236 : 153 – 157 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. 1972 . Tagesrhythmik von Enzymen des Aminosäureabbaus in der Rattenleber und in Suspensionskulturen von isolierten Leberzellen Göttingen Habilitation thesis
   Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. 1975 . Diurnal variations in the effects of quinolinic acid on hepatic enzymes . J. Interdiscipl. Cycle Res. , 6 : 153 – 161 .
   Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. Effects of cordycepin on the circadian rhythms of rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan oxygenase . Proc. XII Int. Conf. Int. Soc. Chronobiol. 1975 , Washington. pp. 583 – 587 . Milano : II Ponte .
   Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. and BALZER , I. 1992a . “ Circadian rhythms and regulation mechanisms at the different levels of gene expression ” . In Chronobiology & Chronomedicine , Edited by: Diez‐Noguera , A. and Cambras , T. 11 – 24 . Frankf./M. ‐ Berl. ‐ Bern ‐ N.Y. ‐ Paris ‐ Wien : Lang .
   Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. and BALZER , I. 1992b . Ultradian rhythms as elements of multioscillator systems in Euglena gracilis and Tetrahymena thermophila . J. Interdiscipl. Cycle Res. , 23 : 196 – 198 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. and BALZER , I. 1993 . “ Chronobiology of unicells: Multiplicity of frequencies, non‐oscillatory states, photoperiodism and effects of biogenic amines ” . In Trends in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , Vol. 1 , 71 – 87 . Trivandrum : Research Trends .
   Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. , HOHMANN , D. and RENSING , L. 1973 . The rhythmic organization of rodent liver. A review . J. Interdiscipl. Cycle Res. , 4 : 89 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. and RENSING , L. 1968 . Circadian oscillation in rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase and its analysis by substrate and hormone induction . Nature , 219 : 619 – 621 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HARDELAND , R. and STEPHAN , E. 1974 . Diurnal rhythms and post‐transcriptional regulation of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan oxgenase . J. Interdiscipl. Cycle Res. , 5 : 247 – 255 .
   Google Scholar
• LOWRY , O.H. , ROSEBROUGH , N.J. , FARR , A.L. and RANDALL , R.J. 1951 . Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent . J. Biol. Chem. , 193 : 265 – 275 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MORAWIETZ , G. 1990 . Die ultradiane Rhythmik der Tyrosinaminotransferase von Euglena in verschiedenen Licht‐Dunkel‐Programmen Göttingen Diploma thesis
   Google Scholar
• NEUHAUS‐STEINMETZ , U. , BALZER , I. and HARDELAND , R. 1990 . Ultradian rhythmicity of tyrosine aminotransferase activity in Euglena gracilis: analysis by cosine and non‐sinusoidal fitting procedures . Int. J. Biometeorol. , 34 : 28 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PFLEGING , P. 1992 . Chronobiologische Untersuchungen am Tryptophan‐Stoffwechsel von Euglena gracilis Göttingen Diploma thesis
   Google Scholar
• QUENTIN , E. and HARDELAND , R. 1986 . Stimulation of 80 S protein synthesis by heat‐stable cytosolic extracts in Euglena gracilis . Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , 85B : 89 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• SULZMAN , F.M. and EDMUNDS , L.N. Jr. 1972 . Persisting circadian oscillations in enzyme activity in non‐dividing cultures of Euglena . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 47 : 1338 – 1344 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SULZMAN , F.M. and EDMUNDS , L.N. Jr. 1973 . Characterization of circadian oscillations in alanine dehydrogenase activity in non‐dividing populations of Euglena gracilis (Z) . Biochim. Biophys. Acta , 320 : 594 – 609 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Present address: Zentrum Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Universität Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, D‐37073 Göttingen, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• Correspondence: I. Zoologisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Berliner Str. 28, D‐37073 Göttingen, Germany.
   Google Scholar