Publication Cover
Child Neuropsychology
A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
Volume 16, 2010 - Issue 4
359
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Attention, Response Inhibition, and Face-Information Processing in Children: The Role of Task Characteristics, Age, and Gender

&
Pages 388-404 | Received 13 Jul 2009, Accepted 07 Jan 2010, Published online: 23 Jun 2010

REFERENCES

  • Achenbach , T. M. and Edelbrock , C. S. 1983 . Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile , Burlington : University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry .
  • Anderson , P. 2002 . Assessment and development of executive function (EF) during childhood . Child Neuropsychology, , 8 ( 2 ) : 71 – 82 .
  • Anderson , V. A. , Anderson , P. , Northam , E. , Jacobs , R. and Catroppa , C. 2001 . Development of executive functions through late childhood and adolescence in an Australian sample . Developmental Neuropsychology, , 20 ( 1 ) : 385 – 406 .
  • Ardila , A. , Rosselli , W. , Matute , E. and Guajardo , S. 2005 . The influence of the parents’ educational level on the development of executive functions . Developmental Neuropsychology, , 28 ( 1 ) : 539 – 560 .
  • Barkley , R. A. 1997 . Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD . Psychological Bulletin, , 121 ( 1 ) : 65 – 94 .
  • Bediou , B. , Krolak-Salmon , P. , Saoud , M. , Henaff , M. A. , Burt , M. Dalery , J. 2005 . Facial expression and sex recognition in schizophrenia and depression . Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie, , 50 ( 9 ) : 525 – 533 .
  • Bishop , D. V. 1993 . Annotation: Autism, executive functions and theory of mind: A neuropsychological perspective . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, , 34 ( 3 ) : 279 – 293 .
  • Blakemore , S. J. and Choudhury , S. 2006 . Development of the adolescent brain: Implications for executive function and social cognition . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, , 47 ( 3–4 ) : 296 – 312 .
  • Bolte , S. , Hubl , D. , Feineis-Matthews , S. , Prvulovic , D. , Dierks , T. and Poustka , F. 2006 . Facial affect recognition training in autism: Can we animate the fusiform gyrus? . Behavioral Neuroscience, , 120 ( 1 ) : 211 – 216 .
  • Celani , G. , Battacchi , M. W. and Arcidiacono , L. 1999 . The understanding of the emotional meaning of facial expressions in people with autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, , 29 ( 1 ) : 57 – 66 .
  • Cellerino , A. , Borghetti , D. and Sartucci , C. 2004 . Sex differences in face gender recognition in humans . Brain Research Bulletin, , 63 ( 6 ) : 443 – 449 .
  • Cellerino , A. , Borghetti , D. , Valenzano , D. R. , Tartarelli , G. , Mennucci , A. Murri , L. 2007 . Neurophysiological correlates for the perception of facial sexual dimorphism . Brain Research Bulletin, , 71 ( 5 ) : 515 – 522 .
  • Crick , N. R. and Dodge , K. A. 1994 . A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social-adjustment . Psychological Bulletin, , 115 ( 1 ) : 74 – 101 .
  • Custrini , R. J. and Feldman , R. S. 1989 . Children's social competence and nonverbal encoding and decoding of emotions . Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, , 18 ( 4 ) : 336 – 342 .
  • Dahl , R. E. 2004 . “ Adolescent brain development: A period of vulnerabilities and opportunities - Keynote address ” . In Adolescent brain development: Vulnerabilities and opportunities , Edited by: Dahl , R. E. and Spear , L. P. Vol. 1021 , 1 – 22 . New York, , USA : New York Academy of Sciences .
  • Davidson , M. C. , Amso , D. , Anderson , L. C. and Diamond , A. 2006 . Development of cognitive control and executive functions from 4 to 13 years: Evidence from manipulations of memory, inhibition, and task switching . Neuropsychologia, , 44 ( 11 ) : 2037 – 2078 .
  • De Luca , C. R. , Wood , S. J. , Anderson , V. , Buchanan , J. A. , Proffitt , T. M. Mahony , K. 2003 . Normative data from the Cantab. I: Development of executive function over the lifespan . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, , 25 ( 2 ) : 242 – 254 .
  • De Sonneville , L. M. J. , Verschoor , C. A. , Njiokiktjien , C. , Op het Veld , V. , Toorenaar , N. and Vranken , M. 2002 . Facial identity and facial emotions: Speed, accuracy, and processing strategies in children and adults . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, , 24 ( 2 ) : 200 – 213 .
  • Deruelle , C. and Fagot , J. 2005 . Categorizing facial identities, emotions, and genders: Attention to high- and low-spatial frequencies by children and adults . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, , 90 ( 2 ) : 172 – 184 .
  • Durand , K. , Gallay , M. , Seigneuric , A. , Robichon , F. and Baudouin , J. Y. 2007 . The development of facial emotion recognition: The role of configural information . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, , 97 ( 1 ) : 14 – 27 .
  • Edwards , R. , Manstead , A. S. R. and Macdonald , C. J. 1984 . The relationship between children's sociometric status and ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion . European Journal of Social Psychology, , 14 ( 2 ) : 235 – 238 .
  • Espy , K. A. , Bull , R. , Martin , J. and Stroup , W. 2006 . Measuring the development of executive control with the Shape School . Psychological Assessment, , 18 ( 4 ) : 373 – 381 .
  • Giedd , J. N. , Blumenthal , J. , Jeffries , N. O. , Castellanos , F. X. , Liu , H. Zijdenbos , A. 1999 . Brain development during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal MRI study . Nature Neuroscience, , 2 ( 10 ) : 861 – 863 .
  • Gioia , G. A. and Isquith , P. K. 2004 . Ecological assessment of executive function in traumatic brain injury . Developmental Neuropsychology, , 25 ( 1–2 ) : 135 – 158 .
  • Gioia , G. A. , Isquith , P. K. , Kenworthy , L. and Barton , R. M. 2002 . Profiles of everyday executive function in acquired and developmental disorders . Child Neuropsychology, , 8 ( 2 ) : 121 – 137 .
  • Golarai , G. , Grill-Spector , K. and Reiss , A. L. 2006 . Autism and the development of face processing . Clinical Neuroscience Research, , 6 ( 3–4 ) : 145 – 160 .
  • Hampson , E. , van Anders , S. M. and Mullin , L. I. 2006 . A female advantage in the recognition of emotional facial expressions: Test of an evolutionary hypothesis . Evolution and Human Behavior, , 27 ( 6 ) : 401 – 416 .
  • Heaton , R. K. , Chelune , G. J. , Talley , J. L. , Kay , G. G. and Curtiss , G. 1993 . Wisconsin Card Sorting Test manual: Revised and expanded , Odessa, FL : Psychological Assessment Resources .
  • Herba , C. M. , Landau , S. , Russell , T. , Ecker , C. and Phillips , M. L. 2006 . The development of emotion-processing in children: Effects of age, emotion, and intensity . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, , 47 ( 11 ) : 1098 – 1106 .
  • Herba , C. and Phillips , M. 2004 . Annotation: Development of facial expression recognition from childhood to adolescence: Behavioural and neurological perspectives . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, , 45 ( 7 ) : 1185 – 1198 .
  • Homack , H. and Riccio , C. A. 2004 . A meta-analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the Stroop Color and Word Test with children . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, , 19 : 725 – 743 .
  • Hoss , R. A. , Ramsey , J. L. , Griffin , A. M. and Langlois , J. H. 2005 . The role of facial attractiveness and facial masculinity/femininity in sex classification of faces . Perception, , 34 ( 12 ) : 1459 – 1474 .
  • Huizinga , M. , Dolan , C. V. and van der Molen , M. W. 2006 . Age-related change in executive function: Developmental trends and a latent variable analysis . Neuropsychologia, , 44 ( 11 ) : 2017 – 2036 .
  • Kahana-Kalman , R. and Walker-Andrews , A. S. 2001 . The role of person familiarity in young infants’ perception of emotional expressions . Child Development, , 72 ( 2 ) : 352 – 369 .
  • Kenworthy , L. , Yerys , B. E. , Anthony , L. G. and Wallace , G. L. 2008 . Understanding executive control in autism spectrum disorders in the lab and in the real world . Neuropsychological Review, , 18 ( 4 ) : 320 – 338 .
  • Kerr , A. and Zelazo , P. D. 2004 . Development of ‘hot’ executive function: The children's gambling task . Brain and Cognition, , 55 ( 1 ) : 148 – 157 .
  • Klenberg , L. , Korkman , M. and Lahti-Nuuttila , P. 2001 . Differential development of attention and executive functions in 3-to 12-year-old Finnish children . Developmental Neuropsychology, , 20 ( 1 ) : 407 – 428 .
  • Kooijmans , R. , Scheres , A. and Oosterlaan , J. 2000 . Response inhibition and measures of psychopathology: A dimensional analysis . Child Neuropsychology, , 6 ( 3 ) : 175 – 184 .
  • Kraemer , H. C. , Yesavage , J. A. , Taylor , J. L. and Kupfer , D. 2000 . How can we learn about developmental processes from cross-sectional studies, or can we? . American Journal of Psychiatry, , 157 ( 2 ) : 163 – 171 .
  • Langenecker , S. A. , Bieliauskas , L. A. , Rapport , L. J. , Zubieta , J. K. , Wilde , E. A. and Berent , S. 2005 . Face emotion perception and executive functioning deficits in depression . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, , 27 ( 3 ) : 320 – 333 .
  • Leon-Carrion , J. , Garcia-Orza , J. and Perez-Santamaria , F. J. 2004 . Development of the inhibitory component of the executive functions in children and adolescents . International Journal of Neuroscience, , 114 ( 10 ) : 1291 – 1311 .
  • Leppanen , J. M. 2006 . Emotional information processing in mood disorders: A review of behavioral and neuroimaging findings . Current Opinion in Psychiatry, , 19 ( 1 ) : 34 – 39 .
  • Leppanen , J. M. and Hietanen , J. K. 2001 . Emotion recognition and social adjustment in school-aged girls and boys . Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, , 42 ( 5 ) : 429 – 435 .
  • Leppanen , J. M. , Moulson , M. C. , Vogel-Farley , V. K. and Nelson , C. A. 2007 . An ERP study of emotional face processing in the adult and infant brain . Child Development, , 78 ( 1 ) : 232 – 245 .
  • Luciana , M. , Conklin , H. M. , Hooper , C. J. and Yarger , R. S. 2005 . The development of nonverbal working memory and executive control processes in adolescents . Child Development, , 76 ( 3 ) : 697 – 712 .
  • Luna , B. and Sweeney , J. A. 2004 . “ The emergence of collaborative brain function — fMRI studies of the development of response inhibition ” . In Adolescent brain development: Vulnerabilities and opportunities , Edited by: Dahl , R. E. and Spear , L. P. Vol. 1021 , 296 – 309 . New York, , USA : New York Academy of Sciences .
  • McClure , E. B. 2000 . A meta-analytic review of sex differences in facial expression processing and their development in infants, children, and adolescents . Psychological Bulletin, , 126 ( 3 ) : 424 – 453 .
  • Nigg , J. T. 2000 . On inhibition/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: Views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy . Psychological Bulletin, , 126 ( 2 ) : 220 – 246 .
  • Nowicki , S. and Duke , M. P. 1992 . The association of children's nonverbal decoding abilities with their popularity, locus of control, and academic-achievement . Journal of Genetic Psychology, , 153 ( 4 ) : 385 – 393 .
  • Oosterlaan , J. , Logan , G. D. and Sergeant , J. A. 1998 . Response inhibition in AD/HD, CD, comorbid AD/HD + CD, anxious, and control children: A meta-analysis of studies with the stop task . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, , 39 ( 3 ) : 411 – 425 .
  • Pennington , B. F. and Ozonoff , S. 1996 . Executive functions and developmental psychopathology . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, , 37 ( 1 ) : 51 – 87 .
  • Phillips , M. L. , Drevets , W. C. , Rauch , S. L. and Lane , R. 2003 . Neurobiology of emotion perception II: Implications for major psychiatric disorders . Biological Psychiatry, , 54 ( 5 ) : 515 – 528 .
  • Reitan , R. M. 1971 . Trail-making test results for normal and brain-damaged children . Perceptual and Motor Skills, , 33 : 575 – 578 .
  • Romine , C. B. and Reynolds , C. R. 2005 . Model of the development of frontal lobe functioning: Findings from a meta-analysis . Applied Neuropsychology, , 12 ( 4 ) : 190 – 201 .
  • Sabbagh , M. A. , Xu , F. , Carlson , S. M. , Moses , L. J. and Lee , K. 2006 . The development of executive functioning and theory of mind — A comparison of Chinese and US preschoolers . Psychological Science, , 17 ( 1 ) : 74 – 81 .
  • Sasson , N. J. 2006 . The development of face processing in autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, , 36 ( 3 ) : 381 – 394 .
  • Sergeant , J. A. , Geurts , H. and Oosterlaan , J. 2002 . How specific is a deficit of executive functioning for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? . Behavioural Brain Research, , 130 ( 1–2 ) : 3 – 28 .
  • Shallice , T. 1982 . Specific impairments of planning . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, , 298 : 199 – 209 .
  • Simmonds , D. J. , Pekar , J. J. and Mostofsky , S. H. 2008 . Meta-analysis of Go/No-go tasks, demonstrating that fMRI activation associated with response inhibition is task-dependent . Neuropsychologia, , 46 : 224 – 232 .
  • Steinberg , L. 2004 . “ Risk taking in adolescence — What changes, and why? ” . In Adolescent brain development: Vulnerabilities and opportunities , Edited by: Dahl , R. E. and Spear , L. P. Vol. 1021 , 51 – 58 . New York, , USA : New York Academy of Sciences .
  • Striano , T. and Vaish , A. 2006 . Seven- to 9-month-old infants use facial expressions to interpret others’ actions . British Journal of Developmental Psychology, , 24 : 753 – 760 .
  • Sugimura , T. 2006 . How accurately do young children and adults discriminate the gender of natural faces? . Perceptual and Motor Skills, , 102 ( 3 ) : 654 – 664 .
  • Vicari , S. , Reilly , J. S. , Pasqualetti , P. , Vizzotto , A. and Caltagirone , C. 2000 . Recognition of facial expressions of emotions in school-age children: The intersection of perceptual and semantic categories . Acta Paediatrica, , 89 ( 7 ) : 836 – 845 .
  • Walker-Andrews , A. S. 1997 . Infants’ perception of expressive behaviors: Differentiation of multimodal information . Psychological Bulletin, , 121 ( 3 ) : 437 – 456 .
  • Welsh , M. C. 1991 . Rule-guided behavior and self-monitoring on the Tower of Hanoi disk-transfer task . Cognitive Development, , 62 : 59 – 67 .
  • Welsh , M. C. and Pennington , B. F. 1988 . Assessing frontal lobe functioning in children: Views from developmental psychology . Developmental Neuropsychology, , 4 ( 3 ) : 199 – 230 .
  • Welsh , M. C. , Pennington , B. F. and Groisser , D. B. 1991 . A normative-developmental study of executive function: A window on prefrontal function in children . Developmental Neuropsychology, , 7 ( 2 ) : 131 – 149 .
  • Wild , H. A. , Barrett , S. E. , Spence , M. J. , O'Toole , A. J. , Cheng , Y. D. and Brooke , J. 2000 . Recognition and sex categorization of adults’ and children's faces: Examining performance in the absence of sex-stereotyped cues . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, , 77 ( 4 ) : 269 – 291 .
  • Zelazo , P. D. , Muller , U. , Frye , D. and Marcovitch , S. 2003 . The development of executive function . Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, , 68 ( 3 ) : 1 – 27 .
  • Zilber , N. , Auerbach , J. and Lerner , Y. 1994 . Israeli norms for the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist: Comparison of clinically-referred and non-referred children . Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences, , 31 ( 1 ) : 5 – 12 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.