Children and the Test of Memory Malingering: Is one trial enough?

REFERENCES

• Arnett , P. A. , Hammeke , T. A. and Schwartz , L. 1995 . Quantitative and qualitative performance on Rey's 15-Item Test in neurological patients and dissimulators . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 9 : 17 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelrod , B. , Fichtenberg , N. , Millis , S. and Wertheimer , J. 2006 . Detecting incomplete effort with digit span from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-third . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 20 : 513 – 523 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer , L. , O'Bryant , S. E. , Lynch , J. K. , McCaffrey , R. J. and Fisher , J. M. 2007 . Examining the Test of Memory Malingering Trial 1 and Word Memory Test Immediate recognition as screening tools for insufficient effort . Assessment , 14 ( 3 ) : 215 – 222 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaskewitz , N. , Merten , T. and Kathmann , N. 2008 . Performance of children on symptom validity tests: TOMM, MSVT, and FIT . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 23 : 379 – 391 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks , B. L. , Sherman , E. S. and Krol , A. L. 2012 . Utility of TOMM Trial 1 as an indicator of effort in children and adolescents . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 27 : 23 – 29 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , B. 1997 . Children's Memory Scale , San Antonio , TX : The Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Constantinou , M. , Bauer , L. , Ashendorf , L. , Fisher , J. M. and McCaffrey , R. J. 2005 . Is performance on recognition memory effort measures indicative of generalized poor performance on neuropsychological tests? . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 20 : 191 – 198 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Constantinou , M. and McCaffrey , R. J. 2003 . Using the TOMM for evaluating children's efforts to perform optimally on neuropsychological measures . Child Neuropsychology , 9 ( 2 ) : 81 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delis , D. , Kaplan , E. and Kramer , J. 2001 . Delis-Kaplan Executive Function Scale , San Antonio , TX : The Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Donders , J. 2005 . Performance on the test of memory malingering in a mixed pediatric sample . Child Neuropsychology , 11 : 221 – 227 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etherton , J. L. , Bianchini , K. J. , Greve , K. W. and Ciota , M. A. 2005 . Test of Memory Malingering performance is unaffected by laboratory-induced pain: Implications for clinical use . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 20 : 375 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gast , J. and Hart , K. J. 2010 . The performance of juvenile offenders on the Test of Memory Malingering . Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice , 10 ( 1 ) : 53 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gervais , R. O. , Rohling , M. L. , Green , P. and Ford , W. 2004 . A comparison of WMY, CARB, and TOMM failure rates in non-head injury disability claimants . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 19 : 475 – 487 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn , D. , Batchelor , J. and Jones , M. 2010 . Detection of stimulated memory impairment in 6 to11 year old children . Child Neuropsychology , 16 ( 2 ) : 105 – 118 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heaton , R. K. 2003 . A Manual for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test , Odessa , Florida : Psychological Assessment Resources Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Horner , M. D. , Bedwell , J. S. and Duong , A. 2006 . Abbreviated form of the Test of Memory Malingering . International Journal of Neuroscience , 116 ( 10 ) : 1181 – 1186 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inman , T. H. and Berry , D. T. R. 2002 . Cross-validation of indicators of malingering: A comparison of nine neuropsychological tests, four tests of malingering, and behavioral observations . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 17 : 1 – 23 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirk , J. W. , Harris , B. , Hutaff-Lee , C. F. , Koelemay , S. W. , Dinkins , J. P. and Kirkwood , M. W. 2011 . Performance on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) among a large clinic-referred pediatric sample . Child Neuropsychology , 17 ( 3 ) : 242 – 254 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkwood , M. W. , Hargrave , D. D. and Kirk , J. W. 2011 . The value of the WISC-IV Digit Span subtest in detecting noncredible performance during pediatric neuropsychological examinations . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 26 : 377 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkwood , M. W. , Yeates , K. O. , Randolph , C. and Kirk , J. W. 2011 . The implications of symptom validity test failure for ability-based test performance in a pediatric sample . Psychological Assessment , 24 ( 1 ) : 36 – 45 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loughan , A. R. and Perna , R. 2012 . Performance and specificity rates in the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM): An investigation into pediatric clinical populations . Applied Neuropsychology; Child ,
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacAllister , W. S. , Nakhutina , L. , Bender , H. A. , Karantzoulis , S. and Carlson , C. 2009 . Assessing effort during neuropsychological evaluation with the TOMM in children and adolescents with epilepsy . Child Neuropsychology , 15 : 521 – 531 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers , J. E. and Volbrecht , M. E. 2003 . A validation of multiple malingering detection methods in a large clinical sample . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 18 : 261 – 276 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nies , K. J. and Sweet , J. J. 1994 . Neuropsychological assessment and malingering: A critical review of past and present strategies . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 9, 501–552. ,
   Google Scholar
• O'Bryant , S. E. , Gavett , B. E. , McCaffrey , R. J. , O'Jile , J. R. , Huerkamp , J. K. Smitherman , T. A. 2008 . Clinical utility of Trial 1 of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) . Applied Neuropsychology , 15 ( 2 ) : 113 – 116 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Bryant , S. and Lucas , J. 2006 . Estimating the predictive value of the Test of Memory Malingering: An illustrative example for clinicians . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 20 ( 3 ) : 533 – 540 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perna , R. , Loughan , A. R. , Hertza , J. and Segraves , K. in press . The value of embedded measures in detecting suboptimal effort in children: An investigation into the WISC-IV Digit Span and CMS Verbal Memory Subtests , Applied Neuropsychology: Child .
   Google Scholar
• Rienstra , A. , Spann , P. E. J. and Schmand , B. 2010 . Validation of symptom validity tests using a “child-model” of adult cognitive impairments . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 25 ( 5 ) : 371 – 382 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman , D. S. , Boone , K. B. , Lu , P. and Razani, J . 2002 . Re-examination of a Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test/ Rey Complex Figure discriminate function to detect suspect effort . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 16 : 2242 – 2250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tombaugh , T. N. 1996 . TOMM: Test of Memory Malingering , New York , NY : Multi-Health Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler , D. 2003 . Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children , 4th , San Antonio , TX : The Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar