Publication Cover
Child Neuropsychology
A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
Volume 1, 1995 - Issue 3
476
Views
201
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Age at injury as a predictor of outcome following pediatric head injury: A longitudinal perspective

&
Pages 187-202 | Accepted 13 Jul 1995, Published online: 24 Oct 2007

References

  • Anderson , V. . Recovery of function in children: The myth of cerebral plasticity. Presidential Address . Brain Impairment: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Brain Impairment Conference . Edited by: Matheson , M. and Newman , H. pp. 223 – 247 . Sydney : Australian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment .
  • Anderson , V. , Smibert , E. , Ekert , H. and Godber , T. 1993 . Neuropsychological and educational sequelae following cranial irradiation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Implications for current treatment protocols . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 15 : 82
  • Anderson , V. , Smibert , E. , Ekert , H. and Godber , T. 1994 . Intellectual, educational, and behavioral sequelae after cranial irradiation and chemotherapy . Archives of Disease in Childhood , 70 : 476 – 483 .
  • Bawden , H. , Knights , R. and Winogron , H. 1985 . Speeded performance following head injury in children . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 7 : 39 – 54 .
  • Begali , V. 1992 . Head injury in children and adolescents: A resource and review for school and allied professionals , Vermont : Clinical Psychology Publishing Co .
  • Bishop , D. 1993 . “ Language development after focal brain damage ” . In Language development in exceptional circumstances , Edited by: Bishop , D. and Mogford , K. 203 – 220 . Hove : Lawrence Earlbaum .
  • Bond , M. R. 1975 . “ Assessment of psychosocial outcome after severe head injury ” . In Outcome of severe damage to the central nervous system , Edited by: Porter , R. and Fitzmons , D. S. 141 – 154 . Amsterdam : Elsevier-Excerpta Medica . Ciba Foundation Symposium No. 34, new series
  • Brown , G. , Chadwick , O. , Shaffer , D. , Rutter , M. and Traub , M. 1981 . A prospective study of children with head injuries: II. Psychiatric sequelae . Psychological Medicine , 11 ( 1 ) : 49 – 62 .
  • Calder , I. M. , Hill , I. and Scholtz , C. L. 1984 . Primary brain trauma in non-accidental injury . Journal of Clinical Pathology , 37 : 1095 – 1100 .
  • Chadwick , O. , Rutter , M. , Shaffer , D. and Shrout , P. 1981 . A prospective study of children with head injuries: IV. Specific cognitive deficits . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 3 : 101 – 120 .
  • Cousens , P. , Ungerer , J. A. , Crawford , J. and Stevens , M. 1991 . Cognitive effects of childhood leukaemia therapy: A case of four specific deficits . Journal of Pediatric Psychology , 16 : 475 – 488 .
  • Craft , A. W. , Shaw , D. A. and Cartlidge , N. E.F. 1972 . Head injuries in children . British Medical Journal , 4 : 200 – 203 .
  • Dennis , M. 1980 . Capacity and strategy for syntactic comprehension after left or right hemidecortication . Brain and Language , 10 : 287 – 317 .
  • Dennis , M. 1985 . Intelligence scores after early brain injury: I. Predicting IQ scores from medical variables . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 7 : 526 – 554 .
  • Dennis , M. 1989 . “ Language and the young damaged brain ” . In Clinical neuropsychology and brain function: Research, measurement and practice , Edited by: Boll , T. and Bryant , B. 89 – 123 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Dykes , L. J. 1986 . The whiplash shaken infant syndrome: What has been learned? . Child Abuse and Neglect , 10 : 211 – 221 .
  • Eslinger , P. and Grattan , L. 1991 . Perspectives on the developmental consequences of early frontal lobe damage: Introduction . Developmental Neuropsychology , 7 : 257 – 260 .
  • Ewing-Cobbs , L. , Levin , H. , Fletcher , J. M. , Miner , M. E. and Eisenberg , H. M. 1990 . The Children's Orientation and Amnesia Test: Relationship to severity of acute injury and to recovery of memory . Neurosurgery , 27 : 683 – 691 .
  • Ewing-Cobbs , L. , Miner , M. E. , Fletcher , J. M. and Levin , H. 1989 . Intellectual, language and motor sequelae following closed head injury in infants and preschoolers . Journal of Pediatric Psychology , 14 : 531 – 547 .
  • Fay , G. , Jaffe , K. M. , Polissar , N. L. , Liao , S. , Martin , K. M. , Shurtleff , H. A. , Rivara , J. and Winn , R. 1993 . Mild pediatric brain injury: A cohort study . Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , 74 : 895 – 901 .
  • Fennell , E. and Mickle , J. 1992 . “ Behavioural effects of head trauma in children and adolescents ” . In Advances in child neuropsychology , Edited by: Tramontana , M. and Hooper , S. Vol. 1 , 24 – 49 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
  • Fletcher , J. M. , Miner , M. and Ewing-Cobbs , L. 1987 . “ Age and recovery from head injury in children: Developmental issues ” . In Neurobehavioural recovery from head injury , Edited by: Levin , H. , Grafman , J. and Eisenberg , H. 279 – 291 . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Goldstein , F. and Levin , H. 1987 . Epidemiology of pediatric closed head injury: Incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors . Journal of Learning Disabilities , 20 : 518 – 525 .
  • Hebb , D. O. 1942 . The effects of early and late injury upon test scores, and the nature of normal adult intelligence . Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society , 85 : 275 – 292 .
  • Hudspeth , W. and Pribram , K. 1990 . Stages of brain and cognitive maturation . Journal of Educational Psychology , 82 : 881 – 884 .
  • Jernigan , T. L. , Trauner , D. A. , Hesselink , J. R. and Tallal , P. A. 1991 . Maturation of human cerebrum observed in vivo during adolescence . Brain , 114 : 2037 – 2049 .
  • Kaufman , A. 1979 . Intelligent testing with the WISC-R , New York : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Kinney , H. C. , Brody , B. A. , Kloman , A. S. and Gilles , F. H. 1988 . Sequence of central nervous system myelination in human infancy: II. Patterns of myelination in autopsied infants . Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology , 47 : 217 – 234 .
  • Klonoff , H. 1971 . Head injuries in children: Predisposing factors, accident conditions, accident proneness and sequelae . American Journal of Public Health , 61 : 2405 – 2417 .
  • Klonoff , H. , Crockett , D. and Clark , C. 1986 . “ Head injuries in children: A model for predicting course of recovery and prognosis ” . In Advances in clinical psychology , Edited by: Goldstein , F. and Tarter , G. Vol. 2 , 139 – 157 . New York : Plenum Press .
  • Klonoff , H. , Low , M. D. and Clark , C. 1977 . Head injuries in children: A prospective five year follow-up . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry , 40 : 1211 – 1219 .
  • Kriel , R. , Krach , L. and Panser , L. 1989 . Closed head injury: Comparison of children younger and older than six years of age . Pediatric Neurology , 5 : 296 – 300 .
  • Lange-Cosack , H. , Wider , B. , Schlesner , H. J. , Grumme , T. and Kubicki , S. 1979 . Prognosis of brain injuries in young children (one until five years of age) . Neuropaediatrie , 10 : 105 – 127 .
  • Lennenberg , E. H. 1967 . Biological foundations of language , New York : Wiley .
  • Levin , H. , Eisenberg , H. and Miner , M. 1983 . “ Neuropsychologic findings in head injured children ” . In Pediatric head trauma , Edited by: Shapiro , K. 223 – 240 . New York : Futura Publishing Company .
  • Livingston , M. and McCabe , R. 1990 . Psychosocial consequences of head injury in children and adolescents: Implications for rehabilitation . Pediatrician , 17 : 255 – 261 .
  • Mandleberg , I. A. and Brooks , D. N. 1975 . Cognitive recovery after severe head injury: I. Serial testing on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry , 38 : 1121 – 1126 .
  • Marosszeky , N. E.V. , Bachelor , J. , Shores , E. A. , Marosszeky , J. E. , Klein-Boonschate , M. and Fahey , P. P. 1993 . The performance of hospitalized, non head-injured children on the Westmead PTA Scale . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 7 : 85 – 95 .
  • Prigatano , G. P. , O'Brien , K. P. and Klonoff , P. S. 1993 . Neuropsychological rehabilitation of young adults who suffer brain injury in childhood: Clinical observations . Neuropsychological Rehabilitation , 3 : 411 – 421 .
  • Rankur , J. , Aram , D. and Horowitz , S. 1980 . A comparison of right and left hemiplegic children's language ability Unpublished paper presented at the International Neuropsychological Society Meeting, San Francisco
  • Rourke , B. P. 1976 . “ Reading retardation in children: Developmental lag or deficit? ” . In Neuropsychology of learning disorders: Theoretical approaches , Edited by: Knights , R. M. and Bakker , D. J. 125 – 137 . Baltimore, MD : University Park Press .
  • Rourke , B. P. 1982 . Central processing deficiencies in children: Towards a developmental neuropsychological model . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 4 : 1 – 18 .
  • Rourke , B. P. 1987 . Syndrome of nonverbal learning disabilities: The final common pathway of white matter disease/dysfunction? . Clinical Neuropsychologist , 1 : 209 – 234 .
  • Rourke , B. P. 1989 . Nonverbal learning disabilities: The syndrome and the model , New York : Guilford Press .
  • Rourke , B. P. , Bakker , D. J. , Fisk , J. L. and Strang , J. D. 1983 . Child neuropsychology: An introduction to theory, research and clinical practice , New York : Guilford Press .
  • Rutter , M. , Chadwick , O. and Shaffer , D. 1983 . “ Head injury ” . In Developmental neuropsychiatry , Edited by: Rutter , M. 83 – 111 . New York : Guilford Press .
  • St. James-Roberts , I. 1979 . “ Neurological plasticity, recovery from brain insult, and child development ” . In Advances in child development and behaviour , Edited by: Reese , H. and Lipsitt , L. 253 – 319 . New York : Academic Press .
  • St. James-Roberts , I. 1981 . A re-interpretation of hemispherectomy data without plasticity of the brain . Brain and Language , 13 : 31 – 53 .
  • Snoek , J. W. , Minderhoud , J. M. and Wilmink , J. T. 1984 . Delayed deterioration following mild head injury in children . Brain , 107 : 15 – 36 .
  • Taylor , H. G. 1984 . “ Early brain injury and cognitive development ” . In Early brain damage , Edited by: Almli , C. and Finger , S. Vol. 1 , 325 – 345 . New York : Academic Press .
  • Teasdale , G. and Jennett , B. 1974 . Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness . Lancet , 2 : 81 – 84 .
  • Teuber , M. L. 1962 . Behaviour after cerebral lesions in children . Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology , 4 : 3 – 20 .
  • Tompkins , C. , Holland , A. , Ratcliff , G. , Costello , A. , Leahy , L. and Cowell , V. 1990 . Predicting cognitive recovery from closed head injury in children and adolescents . Brain and Language , 40 : 86 – 97 .
  • Walsh , K. W. 1978 . Neuropsychology: A clinical approach , New York : Churchill Livingstone .
  • Wechsler , D. 1974 . Manual for the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
  • Wechsler , D. 1989 . Manual for the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
  • Winogron , H. , Knights , R. and Bawden , H. 1984 . Neuropsychological deficits following head injury in children . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 6 : 269 – 286 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.