Publication Cover
Exceptionality
A Special Education Journal
Volume 27, 2019 - Issue 3
2,403
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Best Practices for Interviewing Children with Intellectual Disabilities in Maltreatment Cases

, &

References

  • Aarons, N. M., Powell, M. B., & Browne, J. (2004). Police perceptions of interviews involving children with intellectual disabilities: A qualitative inquiry. Policing and Society, 14, 269–278.
  • Agnew, S. E., & Powell, M. B. (2004). The effect of intellectual disability on children’s recall of an event across different question types. Law and Human Behaviour, 28, 273–294.
  • Agnew, S. E., Powell, M. B., & Snow, P. C. (2006). An examination of the questioning styles of police officers and caregivers when interviewing children with intellectual disabilities. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 11, 35–53.
  • Akbaş, S., Turla, A., Karabekiroğlu, K., Pazvantoğlu, O., Keskin, T., & Böke, O. (2009). Characteristics of sexual abuse in a sample of Turkish children with and without mental retardation, referred for legal appraisal of the psychological repercussions. Sexuality and Disability, 27, 205–213.
  • Algood, C. L., Hong, J. S., Gourdine, R. M., & Williams, A. B. (2011). Maltreatment of children with developmental disabilities: An ecological systems analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 1142–1148.
  • Almerigogna, J., Ost, J., Bull, R., & Akehurst, L. (2007). A state of high anxiety: How non‐supportive interviewers can increase the suggestibility of child witnesses. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21(963–974). doi:10.1002/acp.1311
  • American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. (2017). Definition of intellectual disability. Retrieved from http://aaidd.org/intellectual-disability/definition
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Ammerman, R. T., Hersen, M., Van Hasselt, V. B., Lubetsky, M. J., & Sieck, W. R. (1994). Maltreatment in psychiatrically hospitalized children and adolescents with developmental disabilities: Prevalence and correlates. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 567–576. 10.1097/00004583-199405000-00015
  • Baranek, G. T. (2002). Efficacy of sensory and motor interventions for children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32, 397–422.
  • Bartlett, J. D., Kotake, C., Fauth, R., & Easterbrooks, M. A. (2017). Intergenerational transmission of child abuse and neglect: Do maltreatment type, perpetrator, and substantiation status matter? Child Abuse & Neglect, 63, 84–94.
  • Benia, L. R., Hauck-Filho, N., Dillenburg, M., & Stein, L. M. (2015). The NICHD investigative interview protocol: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 24, 259–279.
  • Bowles, P. V., & Sharman, S. J. (2014). A review of the impact of different types of leading interview questions on child and adult witnesses with intellectual disabilities. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 21, 205–217.
  • Briggs, F. (2006). Safety issues in the lives of children with learning disabilities. Social Policy Journal of New Zealand, 29, 43–60.
  • Brown, D., Lewis, C., Stephens, E., & Lamb, M. (2017). Interviewers’ approaches to questioning vulnerable child witnesses: The influences of developmental level versus intellectual disability status. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 22, 332–349.
  • Brown, D., & Pipe, M. E. (2003). Individual differences in children’s event memory reports and the narrative elaboration technique. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 195–206.
  • Brown, D. A., Lewis, C. N., & Lamb, M. E. (2015). Preserving the past: An early interview improves delayed event memory in children with intellectual disabilities. Child Development, 86, 1031–1047.
  • Brown, D. A., Lewis, C. N., Lamb, M. E., & Stephens, E. (2012). The influences of delay and severity of intellectual disability on event memory in children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80, 829–841.
  • Bull, R. (2010). The investigative interviewing of children and other vulnerable witnesses: Psychological research and working/professional practice. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 15, 5–23.
  • Byrne, G. (2017). Prevalence and psychological sequelae of sexual abuse among individuals with an intellectual disability: A review of the recent literature. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. 10.1177/1744629517698844
  • Carnes, C., Wilson, C., Nelson-Gardell, D., & Orgassa, U. (2001). Extended forensic evaluation when sexual abuse is suspected: A multi-site study. Child Maltreatment, 6, 230–242.
  • Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1995). Jeopardy in the courtroom: A scientific analysis of children’s testimony. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Cederborg, A. C., Danielsson, H., La Rooy, D., & Lamb, M. E. (2009). Repetition of contaminating question types when children and youths with intellectual disabilities are interviewed. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53, 440–449.
  • Cederborg, A. C., Hultman, E., & La Rooy, D. (2012). The quality of details when children and youths with intellectual disabilities are interviewed about their abuse experiences. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 14, 113–125.
  • Cederborg, A. C., La Rooy, D., & Lamb, M. E. (2008). Repeated interviews with children who have intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21, 103–113.
  • Cederborg, A. C., & Lamb, M. (2008). Interviewing alleged victims with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 52, 49–58.
  • Cederborg, A. C., & Lamb, M. E. (2006). How does the legal system respond when children with learning difficulties are victimized? Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 537–547.
  • The Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. (2000). The differences between forensic interviews & clinical interviews. Retrieved from https://www.oumedicine.com/docs/ad-pediatrics-workfiles/forensic.pdf?sfvrsn=2
  • Chae, Y., & Ceci, S. J. (2005). Individual differences in children’s recall and suggestibility: The effect of intelligence, temperament, and self‐perceptions. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 383–407.
  • Collins, K., Harker, N., & Antonopoulos, G. A. (2017). The impact of the registered intermediary on adults’ perceptions of child witnesses: Evidence from a mock cross examination. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 23, 211–225.
  • Coyne, P., Pisha, B., Dalton, B., Zeph, L. A., & Smith, N. C. (2012). Literacy by design: A universal design for learning approach for students with significant intellectual disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, 33, 162–172.
  • Cronch, L., Viljoen, J., & Hansen, D. (2006). Forensic interviewing in child sexual abuse cases: Current techniques and future directions. Aggression and Violent Behaviour, 11, 195–207.
  • Deffenbacher, K. A., Bornstein, B. H., Penrod, S. D., & McGorty, E. K. (2004). A meta-analytic review of the effects of high stress on eyewitness memory. Law and Human Behaviour, 28, 687–706.
  • Dyck, M. J., Hay, D., Anderson, M., Smith, L. M., Piek, J., & Hallmayer, J. (2004). Is the discrepancy criterion for defining developmental disorders valid? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 979–995.
  • Euser, S., Alink, L. R., Tharner, A., van IJzendoorn, M. H., & Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J. (2016). The prevalence of child sexual abuse in out‐of‐home care: Increased risk for children with a mild intellectual disability. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 29, 83–92. 10.1111/jar.12160
  • Evans, A. D., & Lee, K. (2010). Promising to tell the truth makes 8‐to 16‐year‐olds more honest. Behavioural Sciences & the Law, 28, 801–811.
  • Faller, K. C. (2014). Forty years of forensic interviewing of children suspected of sexual abuse, 1974–2014: Historical benchmarks. Social Sciences, 4, 34–65.
  • Faller, K. C., & DeVoe, E. (1996). Allegations of sexual abuse in divorce. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 4, 1–25.
  • Fisher, R. P., & Geiselman, R. E. (1992). Memory enhancing techniques for investigative interviewing: The cognitive interview. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher Limited.
  • Gentle, M., Milne, R., Powell, M. B., & Sharman, S. J. (2013). Does the cognitive interview promote the coherence of narrative accounts in children with and without an intellectual disability? International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education, 60, 30–43.
  • González, J. L., Muñoz, J. M., Sotoca, A., & Manzanero, A. L. (2013). Protocol proposal for prerecording evidence from especially vulnerable victims. Papeles Del Psicólogo, 34, 227–237.
  • Goodman, G. S., & Melinder, A. (2007). Child witness research and forensic interviews of young children: A review. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 12, 1–19.
  • Goodman-Brown, T. B., Edelstein, R. S., Goodman, G. S., Jones, D. P., & Gordon, D. S. (2003). Why children tell: A model of children’s disclosure of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27(5), 525–540. 10.1016/S0145-2134(03)00037-1
  • Granhag, P. A., & Spjut, E. (2001). Children′s recall of the unfortunate fakir: A further test of the enhanced cognitive interview. In R. Roesch, R. R. Corrado, & R. J. Dempster (Eds.), Psychology in the courts: International advances in knowledge (pp. 209–222). London: Routledge.
  • Green, A. H. (1991). Factors contributing to false allegations of child sexual abuse in custody disputes. Child & Youth Services, 15, 177–189.
  • Hanna, K., Davies, E., Henderson, E., & Hand, L. (2013). Questioning child witnesses: Exploring the benefits and risks of intermediary models in New Zealand. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 20, 527–542.
  • Harris, P. L., Brown, E., Marriott, C., Whittall, S., & Harmer, S. (1991). Monsters, ghosts and witches: Testing the limits of the fantasy-reality distinction in young children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 105–123.
  • Hart, H., & Rubia, K. (2012). Neuroimaging of child abuse: A critical review. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 1–24.
  • Hendricks, C., Lansford, J. E., Deater-Deckard, K., & Bornstein, M. H. (2014). Associations between child disabilities and caregiver discipline and violence in low-and middle-income countries. Child Development, 85, 513–531.
  • Henry, L., Ridley, A., Perry, J., & Crane, L. (2011). Perceived credibility and eyewitness testimony of children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55, 385–391.
  • Henry, L. A., Crane, L., Nash, G., Hobson, Z., Kirke-Smith, M., & Wilcock, R. (2017). Verbal, visual, and intermediary support for child witnesses with autism during investigative interviews. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47, 2348–2362.
  • Henry, L. A., & Gudjonsson, G. H. (2003). Eyewitness memory, suggestibility, and repeated recall sessions in children with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. Law and Human Behaviour, 27, 481–505.
  • Hernon, J., Brandon, M., Cossar, J., & Shakespeare, T. (2015). Recognising and responding to the maltreatment of disabled children: A children’s rights approach. Social Work and Social Sciences Review, 17, 61–77.
  • Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., & Horowitz, D. (2007). Victimization of children with disabilities. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77, 629–635.
  • Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., Katz, C., & Malloy, L. C. (2015). Does enhanced rapport-building alter the dynamics of investigative interviews with suspected victims of intra-familial abuse? Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 30, 6–14.
  • Hibbard, R. A., & Desch, L. W.; Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. (2007). Maltreatment of children with disabilities. Pediatrics, 119, 1018–1025.
  • Hindley, N., Ramchandani, P. G., & Jones, D. P. (2006). Risk factors for recurrence of maltreatment: A systematic review. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 91, 744–752.
  • Holliday, R. (2003). Reducing misinformation effects in children with cognitive interviews: Dissociating recollection and familiarity. Child Development, 74, 728–751.
  • Horner‐Johnson, W., & Drum, C. E. (2006). Prevalence of maltreatment of people with intellectual disabilities: A review of recently published research. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 12, 57–69.
  • Hunt, J. S., & Borgida, E. (2001). Is that what I said? Witnesses’ responses to interviewer modifications. Law and Human Behaviour, 25, 583–603.
  • Jones, L., Bellis, M. A., Wood, S., Hughes, K., McCoy, E., Eckley, L., … Officer, A. (2012). Prevalence and risk of violence against children with disabilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. The Lancet, 380, 899–907.
  • Kaplan, S. J., Pelcovitz, D., & Labruna, V. (1999). Child and adolescent abuse and neglect research: A review of the past 10 years. Part I: Physical and emotional abuse and neglect. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 1214–1222.
  • Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Williams, L. M., & Finkelhor, D. (1993). Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 164–180.
  • Kulkofsky, S., & Klemfuss, J. Z. (2008). What the stories children tell can tell about their memory: Narrative skill and young children’s suggestibility. Developmental Psychology, 44, 1442–1456.
  • La Rooy, D., Lamb, M. E., & Pipe, M.-E. (2009). Repeated interviewing: A critical evaluation of the risks and potential benefits. In K. Kuehnle & M. Connell (Eds.), The evaluation of child sexual abuse allegations: A comprehensive guide to assessment and testimony (pp. 327–361). Hudson, NJ: Wiley.
  • Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Sternberg, K. J., Hershkowitz, I., & Horowitz, D. (2000). Accuracy of investigators’ verbatim notes of their forensic interviews with alleged child abuse victims. Law and Human Behavior, 24, 699–708.
  • Lanning, K. V. (2002). Criminal investigation of sexual victimization of children. In J. E. B. Myers, L. Berliner, J. Briere, C. T. Hendrix, C. Jenny, & T. A. Reid (Eds.), The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment (2nd ed., pp. 329–347). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Li, M., D’arcy, C., & Meng, X. (2016). Maltreatment in childhood substantially increases the risk of adult depression and anxiety in prospective cohort studies: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and proportional attributable fractions. Psychological Medicine, 46, 717–730.
  • Lightfoot, E., Hill, K., & LaLiberte, T. (2011). Prevalence of children with disabilities in the child welfare system and out of home placement: An examination of administrative records. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 2069–2075.
  • Lightfoot, E. B., & LaLiberte, T. L. (2006). Approaches to child protection case management for cases involving people with disabilities. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 381–391.
  • London, K., Henry, L. A., Conradt, T., & Corser, R. (2010). Suggestibility in legal contexts: Psychological research and forensic implications. In A. M. Ridley, F. Gabbert, & D. J. La Rooy (Eds.), Suggestibility and individual differences in typically developing and intellectually disabled children (pp. 129–148). Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Lyon, T. D. (2014). Interviewing children. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 10, 73–89.
  • Malloy, L. C., Lyon, T. D., & Quas, J. A. (2007). Filial dependency and recantation of child sexual abuse allegations. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 162–170.
  • Malloy, L. C., & Mugno, A. P. (2016). Children’s recantation of adult wrongdoing: An experimental investigation. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 145, 11–21.
  • Manders, J. E., & Stoneman, Z. (2009). Children with disabilities in the child protective services system: An analog study of investigation and case management. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33, 229–237.
  • Masip, J., Sporer, S. L., Garrido, E., & Herrero, C. (2005). The detection of deception with the reality monitoring approach: A review of the empirical evidence. Psychology, Crime & Law, 11, 99–122.
  • Mattison, M. L., Dando, C. J., & Ormerod, T. C. (2014). Sketching to remember: Episodic free recall task support for child witnesses and victims with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45, 1751–1765.
  • McGuigan, W. M., & Pratt, C. C. (2001). The predictive impact of domestic violence on three types of child maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 25, 869–883. 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00244-7
  • McGuire, B. E., & Bayley, A. A. (2011). Relationships, sexuality and decision-making capacity in people with an intellectual disability. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 24, 398–402.
  • Memon, A., Meissner, C. A., & Fraser, J. (2010). The Cognitive Interview: A meta-analytic review and study space analysis of the past 25 years. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 16, 340–372.
  • Milne, R., & Bull, R. (2001). Interviewing witnesses with learning disabilities for legal purposes. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 29, 93–97.
  • Milne, R., & Bull, R. (2006). Interviewing victims of crime, including children and people with intellectual difficulties. In M. R. Kebbell & G. M. Davies (Eds.), Practical psychology for forensic investigations. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
  • Milne, R., Clare, I. C., & Bull, R. (2002). Interrogative suggestibility among witnesses with mild intellectual disabilities: The use of an adaptation of the GSS. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15, 8–17.
  • Murfett, R., Powell, M. B., & Snow, P. C. (2008). The effect of intellectual disability on the adherence of child witnesses to a “story grammar” framework. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 33, 2–11.
  • Nathanson, R., & Platt, M. D. (2005). Attorneys’ perceptions of child witnesses with mental retardation. The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 33, 5–42. 10.1177/009318530503300102
  • Newlin, C., Steele, L. C., Chamberlin, A., Anderson, J., Kenniston, J., Russell, A., & Vaughan-Eden, V. (2015). Child forensic interview: Best practices. Retrieved from the U.S. Department of Justice website. Retrieved from http://www.ojjdp.gov/pubs/248749.pdf
  • Nixon, R. D., Ball, S. A., Sterk, J., Best, T., & Beatty, L. (2013). Autobiographical memory in children and adolescents with acute stress and chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Change, 30, 180–198.
  • O’Mahony, B. M. (2010). The emerging role of the registered intermediary with the vulnerable witness and offender: Facilitating communication with the police and members of the judiciary. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 38, 232–237.
  • Okanda, M., & Itakura, S. (2010). When do children exhibit a “yes” bias? Child Development, 81, 568–580.
  • Orbach, Y., Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., Sternberg, K. J., Esplin, P. W., & Horowitz, D. (2000). Assessing the value of structured protocols for forensic interviews of alleged child abuse victims. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24, 733–752.
  • Orekhova, E. V., Stroganova, T. A., Prokofyev, A. O., Nygren, G., Gillberg, C., & Elam, M. (2008). Sensory gating in young children with autism: Relation to age, IQ, and EEG gamma oscillations. Neuroscience Letters, 434, 218–223.
  • Peterson, C., & Grant, M. (2001). Forced-choice: Are forensic interviewers asking the right questions? Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 33, 118–127.
  • Plotnikoff, J., & Woolfson, R. (2007). The “go-between”: Evaluation of intermediary pathfinder projects. Research summary no. 1. London: Ministry of Justice. Retrieved from http://lexiconlimited.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Intermediaries_study_report.pdf
  • Plotnikoff, J., & Woolfson, R. (2015). Intermediaries in the criminal justice system: Improving communication for vulnerable witnesses and defendants. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.
  • Poole, D. A., Bruck, M., & Pipe, M. E. (2011). Forensic interviewing aids: Do props help children answer questions about touching? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 11–15.
  • Price, E. A., Ahern, E. C., & Lamb, M. E. (2016). Rapport‐building in investigative interviews of alleged child sexual abuse victims. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30, 743–749.
  • Robinson, J., & McGuire, J. (2006). Suggestibility and children with mild learning disabilities: The use of the cognitive interview. Psychology, Crime & Law, 12, 537–556.
  • Rosenberg, S. A., & Robinson, C. C. (2004). Out-of-home placement for young children with developmental and medical conditions. Children and Youth Services Review, 26, 711–723.
  • Saywitz, K. J., & Camparo, L. B. (2013). Evidence-based child forensic interviewing: The developmental narrative elaboration interview. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Saywitz, K. J., Lyon, T. D., & Goodman, G. S. (2017). When interviewing children: A review and update. Forthcoming. In J. Conte & B. Klika (Eds.), APSAC handbook on child maltreatment. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Saywitz, K. J., & Snyder, L. (1996). Narrative elaboration: Test of a new procedure for interviewing children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1347–1357.
  • Schormans, A. F., & Brown, I. (2002). An investigation into the characteristics of the maltreatment of children with developmental delays and the alleged perpetrators of this maltreatment. Journal on Developmental Disabilities, 9, 1–20. Retrieved from http://oadd.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/anniversary.pdf#page=145
  • Shannon, P., & Agorastou, M. (2006). Identifying children with developmental disabilities receiving child protection services: A national survey of child welfare administrators. Families in Society: the Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 87(3), 351–357.
  • Shannon, P., & Tappan, C. (2011a). Identification and assessment of children with developmental disabilities in child welfare. Social Work, 56, 297–305.
  • Shannon, P., & Tappan, C. (2011b). A qualitative analysis of child protective services practice with children with developmental disabilities. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 1469–1475.
  • Siegman, A. W., & Reynolds, M. (1984). The facilitating effects of interviewer rapport and the paralinguistics of intimate communications. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 2, 71–88.
  • Slayter, E., & Springer, C. (2011). Child welfare-involved youth with intellectual disabilities: Pathways into and placements in foster care. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 49, 1–13.
  • Smith, D. W., Letourneau, E. J., Saunders, B. E., Kilpatrick, D. G., Resnick, H. S., & Best, C. L. (2000). Delay in disclosure of childhood rape: Results from a national survey. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24, 273–287.
  • Snow, P., & Powell, M. (2004). Interviewing juvenile offenders: The importance of oral language competence. Current Issues Criminal Justice, 16, 220–225. Retrieved from http://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30008724/martine-contemporary-2004.pdf
  • Soylu, N., Alpaslan, A. H., Ayaz, M., Esenyel, S., & Oruç, M. (2013). Psychiatric disorders and characteristics of abuse in sexually abused children and adolescents with and without intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 4334–4342.
  • Stalker, K., & McArthur, K. (2012). Child abuse, child protection and disabled children: A review of recent research. Child Abuse Review, 21, 24–40.
  • Sternberg, K. J., Lamb, M. E., Hershkowitz, I., Yudilevitch, L., Orbach, Y., Esplin, P. W., & Hovav, M. (1997). Effects of introductory style on children’s abilities to describe experiences of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 21, 1133–1146.
  • Strathearn, L., Gray, P. H., O’Callaghan, M. J., & Wood, D. O. (2001). Childhood neglect and cognitive development in extremely low birth weight infants: A prospective study. Pediatrics, 108, 142–151.
  • Tager‐Flusberg, H. (1991). Semantic processing in the free recall of autistic children: Further evidence for a cognitive deficit. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 417–430.
  • Talwar, V., Lee, K., Bala, N., & Lindsay, R. C. L. (2002). Children’s conceptual knowledge of lying and its relation to their actual behaviors: Implications for court competence examinations. Law and Human Behavior, 26, 395–415.
  • Talwar, V., Lee, K., Bala, N., & Lindsay, R. C. L. (2004). Children’s lie-telling to conceal a parent’s transgression: Legal implications. Law & Human Behavior, 21, 405–426.
  • Talwar, V., Yachison, S., & Leduc, K. (2016). Promoting honesty: The influence of stories on children’s lie‐telling behaviours and moral understanding. Infant and Child Development, 25(484–501). doi:10.1002/icd.1949
  • Taylor, J., Stalker, K., & Stewart, A. (2016). Disabled children and the child protection system: A cause for concern. Child Abuse Review, 25, 60–73.
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2015). Child maltreatment 2015. Washington, DC: Author.
  • Vernon, M., Raifman, L. J., Greenberg, S. F., & Monteiro, B. (2001). Forensic pretrial police interviews of deaf suspects avoiding legal pitfalls. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 24, 43–59.
  • Vig, S., & Kaminer, R. (2002). Maltreatment and developmental disabilities in children. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 14, 371–386.
  • Vrij, A. (2000). Detecting lies and deceit: The psychology of lying and its implications for professional practice. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
  • Vrij, A. (2005). Criteria-based content analysis: A qualitative review of the first 37 studies. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 11, 3–41.
  • Vrij, A., Hope, L., & Fisher, R. P. (2014). Eliciting reliable information in investigative interviews. Policy Insights from the Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 1, 129–136.
  • Waterhouse, G. F., Ridley, A. M., Bull, R., La Rooy, D., & Wilcock, R. (2016). Dynamics of repeated interviews with children. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30, 713–721.
  • Way, I., Chung, S., Jonson-Reid, M., & Drake, B. (2001). Maltreatment perpetrators: A 54-month analysis of recidivism. Child Abuse & Neglect, 25, 1093–1108. 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7
  • Werner, K. B., McCutcheon, V. V., Challa, M., Agrawal, A., Lynskey, M. T., Conroy, E., … Heath, A. C. (2016). The association between childhood maltreatment, psychopathology, and adult sexual victimization in men and women: Results from three independent samples. Psychological Medicine, 46, 563–573.
  • Westcott, H. L., & Jones, D. P. (1999). Annotation: The abuse of disabled children. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 40, 497–506.
  • White, O. G., Hindley, N., & Jones, D. P. (2015). Risk factors for child maltreatment recurrence: An updated systematic review. Medicine, Science and the Law, 55, 259–277.
  • Widom, C. S., Czaja, S. J., Bentley, T., & Johnson, M. S. (2012). A prospective investigation of physical health outcomes in abused and neglected children: New findings from a 30-year follow-up. American Journal of Public Health, 102, 1135–1144. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015208205?accountid=12339
  • Wissink, I. B., Van Vugt, E., Moonen, X., Stams, G. J. J., & Hendriks, J. (2015). Sexual abuse involving children with an intellectual disability (ID): A narrative review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 36, 20–35.
  • Xin, J. F., & Leonard, D. A. (2015). Using iPads to teach communication skills of students with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45, 4154–4164.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.