295
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Assessing Myanmar’s trade dependence on China during the reform period of the 2010s: a sectoral value chain approach

ORCID Icon

References

  • Antràs, P., Chor, D., Fally, T., & Hillberry, R. (2012). Measuring the upstreamness of production and trade flows. American Economic Review, 102(3), 412–416. doi:10.1257/aer.102.3.412
  • Bader, J. (2015). The political economy of external exploitation. A comparative investigation of China’s foreign relations. Democratization, 22(1), 1–21. doi:10.1080/13510347.2013.795550
  • British Petroleum Company (2020). BP statistical review of world energy. British Petroleum Co. Retrieved June 20, 2022, from https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-20. 20-full-report.pdf.
  • Carter, B. E., & Farha, R. M. (2013). Overview and operation of U.S. financial sanctions, including the example of Iran. Georgetown Journal of International Law, 44(3), 903–914.
  • Chan, D. S.W. (2017). Asymmetric bargaining between Myanmar and China in the Myitsone Dam controversy: social opposition akin to David’s stone against Goliath. The Pacific Review, 30(5), 674-691.
  • Chow, J. T., & Easley, L.-E. (2016). Persuading pariahs: Myanmar’s strategic decision to pursue reform and opening. Pacific Affairs, 89(3), 521–542.
  • Dean, K. (2020). Assembling the Sino-Myanmar borderworld. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 61(1), 34–54. doi:10.1080/15387216.2020.1725587
  • Economist. (2020). “Dethroning the dollar: America’s aggressive use of sanctions endangers the dollar’s reign” January 18. https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/01/18/americas-aggressive-use-of-sanctions-endangers-the-dollars-reign.
  • EuroCham Myanmar (2022). Myanmar garment sector factsheet.
  • Freeman, N. J. (2019). Whither Myanmar’s garment sector? (No. 7). ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.
  • Gabusi, G. (2020). China’s structural power and the fate of the BCIM economic corridor. The International Spectator, 55(3), 17–34. doi:10.1080/03932729.2020.1782071
  • Gereffi, G., Humphrey, J., & Sturgeon, T. (2005). The governance of global value chains. Review of International Political Economy, 12(1), 78–104. doi:10.1080/09692290500049805
  • Gereffi, G., & Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016). Global value chain analysis: A primer. Duke CGGC (Center on Globalization, Governance & Competitiveness)
  • Global Witness (2015). Jade: Myanmar’s “big state secret.” Retrieved October, 2015 from https://www.globalwitness.org/en/campaigns/oil-gas-and-mining/myanmarjade/
  • Han, E. (2018). Under the shadow of China-US competition: Myanmar and Thailand’s alignment choices. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 11(1), 81–104. doi:10.1093/cjip/pox017
  • Han, E. (2020). The Chinese Civil War and implications for borderland state consolidation in mainland South-East Asia. The China Quarterly, 241, 214–235. doi:10.1017/S0305741019000729
  • Han, E. (2021). Overconfidence, missteps, and tragedy: Dynamics of Myanmar’s International Relations and the genocide of the Rohingya. The Pacific Review, 1–22. doi:10.1080/09512748.2021.1996451
  • Helliwell, J. F. (1997). National borders, trade and migration. Pacific Economic Review, 2(3), 165–185. doi:10.1111/1468-0106.00032
  • Hua, X., Kono, Y., & Zhang, L. (2021). Excavating agrarian transformation under ‘secure’ crop booms: Insights from the China-Myanmar borderland. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 1–30. doi:10.1080/03066150.2021.1926993
  • Hua, X., Zhang, L., & Kono, Y. (2022). Fruit booms and investor mobility along the China-Myanmar and China-Laos borders. Ecology and Society, 27(3):35. doi:10.5751/ES-13380-270335
  • Jones, L. (2014). Explaining Myanmar’s regime transition: The periphery is central. Democratization, 21(5), 780–802. doi:10.1080/13510347.2013.863878
  • Just Style (2019). China’s textile leadership continues in new machinery trends. https://www.just-style.com/analysis/chinas-textile-leadership-continues-in-new-machinery-trends-2/.
  • Kyaw, L. H. (2019). “The border post at Htee Khee: High hopes and jungle casinos” Frontier Myanmar. September 13, 2019 https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/the-border-post-at-htee-khee-high-hopes-and-jungle-casinos/.
  • Kiik, L. (2016). Nationalism and anti-ethno-politics: Why ‘Chinese Development’ failed at Myanmar’s Myitsone Dam. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 57(3), 374–402. doi:10.1080/15387216.2016.1198265
  • Kirchherr, J., J., Charles, K., & Walton, M. J. (2017). The interplay of activists and dam developers: The case of Myanmar’s mega-dams. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(1), 111–131. doi:10.1080/07900627.2016.1179176
  • Kubo, K. (2018). Myanmar’s fresh fruit export to China via cross-border trade. In Kubo K., Sakata S. (Eds.), Impact of China's Increasing Demand for Agro Produce on Agricultural Production in the Mekong Region. (BRC Research Report) Bangkok Research Center, JETRO Bangkok/IDE-JETRO.
  • Kubo, K., Pritchard, B., & Phyo, A. S. (2021). How Chinese demand for fresh fruit and vegetables is creating new landscapes of rural development and vulnerability in Southeast Asia: Insights from the Myanmar melon frontier. Geoforum, 122, 32–40. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2021.03.008
  • Kudo, T. (2006). Myanmar’s economic relations with China: Can China support the Myanmar economy?. Institute of Developing Economies Discussion Paper (66).
  • Lanteigne, M. (2019). ‘The rock that can’t be moved’: China’s revised geostrategies in Myanmar. The Pacific Review, 32(1), 37–55. doi:10.1080/09512748.2017.1419276
  • Li, J. (2020, September 17). China’s conflict mediation in Myanmar: Examining how China’s interests and relationships fit into the conflict. Stimson Center. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.stimson.org/2020/chinas-conflict-mediation-in-myanmar/.
  • Lintner, B. (1994). Burma in revolt: Opium and insurgency since 1948. Routledge.
  • Martin, M. F. (2013). U.S. sanctions on Burma: Issues for the 113th Congress (CRS Report No. R42939). Congressional Research Service.
  • Martin, M. F. (2020). U.S. Restrictions on Relations with Burma (CRS Report No. R44570). Congressional Research Service.
  • Maung, M. (1994). On the road to Mandalay: A case study of the Sinonization of Upper Burma. Asian Survey, 34(5), 447–459. doi:10.2307/2645057
  • McPherson, P., Paul, R., & Naing, S. (2020, January 20). China struggles in new diplomatic role, trying to return Rohingya to Myanmar. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-rohingya-china-insight-idUSKBN1ZJ0SY.
  • Myint-U, T. (2021). The hidden history of Burma: A crisis of race and capitalism. London: Atlantic Books.
  • Nenci, S. (2020)). Mapping global value chain (GVC) participation, positioning and vertical specialization in agriculture and food. Technical note for The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets – Background paper for The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO) 2020. Rome, FAO. doi:10.4060/cb0850en
  • Nitta, Y., & Phoonphongphiphat, A. (2020). Coronavirus leaves tropical fruit rotting at China border crossings. Nikkei Asia. February 6, 2020. https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Coronavirus-leaves-tropical-fruit-rotting-at-China-border-crossings#.
  • Oh, Y. (forthcoming) Vietnam’s economic dependence on China: Understanding vulnerability through a typology of trade shocks. In N. Truong and T. Vu (Eds.) The Dragon’s Underbelly: Dynamics and Dilemmas in Vietnam’s Economy and Politics. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing.
  • Pritchard, B. (Ed.). (2021). Global production networks and rural development: Southeast Asia as a fruit supplier to China. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Raei, M. F., Ignatenko, A., & Mircheva, M. (2019). (). Global value chains: What are the benefits and why do countries participate. ? IMF Working Paper 19/18. International Monetary Fund.
  • Roy, C. (2022). China’s grand strategy and Myanmar’s peace process. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 22(1), 69–99. doi:10.1093/irap/lcaa012
  • Selth, A. (2007). Burma, China and the myth of military bases. Asian Security, 3(3), 279–307. doi:10.1080/14799850701568929
  • Smith, M. (1999). Burma: Insurgency and the politics of ethnicity. London: Zed Books.
  • Sondergaard, M., Myint, U. S., Thorcarft, S., Bui, D.-T., & Lee, H. (2016). Technical assistance consultant’s report. Republic of the union of Myanmar: Institutional strengthening of national energy management committee in energy policy and planning. (Project No. 46389-001). Asian Development Bank. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/46389/46389-001-tacr-en_1.pdf.
  • Storey, I. (2007). Burma’s relations with China: Neither puppet nor pawn. China Brief, 7(3). https://jamestown.org/program/burmas-relations-with-china-neither-puppet-nor-pawn-3/.
  • Strange, S. (1994). States and markets. London: Pinter Publishers.
  • Sun, Y. (2012). China and the changing Myanmar. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 31(4), 51–77. doi:10.1177/186810341203100403
  • Taguchi, H., & Soe, T. M. (2021). Myanmar’s manufacturing exports after the lifting of economic sanctions. Foreign Trade Review, 56(2), 147–164. doi:10.1177/0015732521995160
  • Than, T. M. M. (2003). Myanmar and China: A special relationship? Southeast Asian Affairs 2003, 2003(1), 189–210. doi:10.1355/SEAA03L
  • Than, T. M. M. (2015). Myanmar’s economic reforms: Hard choices ahead. Social Research: An International Quarterly, 82(2), 453–480. doi:10.1353/sor.2015.0030
  • Topcu, N. (2020, October 12). A relationship on a pipeline: China and Myanmar. China Currents, 19(3). https://www.chinacenter.net/2020/china_currents/19-3/a-relationship-on-a-pipeline-china-and-myanmar/.
  • Turnell, S. (2015). Burma’s economic transition: Hopes and hurdles. Social Research: An International Quarterly, 82(2), 481–506. doi:10.1353/sor.2015.0032
  • Woods, K. (2011). Ceasefire capitalism: Military–private partnerships, resource concessions, and military–state building in the Burma–China borderlands. Journal of Peasant Studies, 38(4), 747–770. doi:10.1080/03066150.2011.607699
  • Woods, K. (2019). Rubber out of the ashes: Locating Chinese agribusiness investments in ‘armed sovereignties’ in the Myanmar–China borderlands. Territory, Politics, Governance, 7(1), 79–95. doi:10.1080/21622671.2018.1460276
  • Yang, S. (2016). Hwang-geumgaseujeon miyanma bada-eseoui dojeongwa seong-gong [Golden gas field in Myanmar]. Seoul: Saeloun Salamdeul.
  • Zhao, H. (2011). China–Myanmar energy cooperation and its regional implications. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 30(4), 89–109.
  • Zou, Y., & Jones, L. (2020). China’s response to threats to its overseas economic interests: Softening non-interference and cultivating hegemony. Journal of Contemporary China, 29(121), 92–108. doi:10.1080/10670564.2019.1621532

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.