References
- Barry JA, Kuczmierczyk AR, Hardiman PJ. Anxiety and depression in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(9):2442–2451.
- Hirschberg AL. Sex hormones, appetite and eating behaviour in women. Maturitas. 2012;71(3):248–256.
- Lai H, Jia X, Yu Q, et al. High-fat diet induces significant metabolic disorders in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Biol Reprod. 2014;91(5):127.
- Gambineri A, Pelusi C. Sex hormones, obesity and type 2 diabetes: is there a link? Endocr Connect. 2019;8(1):R1–R9.
- Yuan X, Hu T, Zhao H, et al. Brown adipose tissue transplantation ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113(10):2708–2713.
- Coppack SW. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipose tissue. Proc Nutr Soc. 2001;60(3):349–356.
- Li Q, Wu Y, Kang N. Marrow adipose tissue: its origin, function, and regulation in bone remodeling and regeneration. Stem Cells Int. 2018;2018:7098456.
- Oh KJ, Lee DS, Kim WK, et al. Metabolic adaptation in obesity and type II diabetes: myokines, adipokines and hepatokines. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;18(1):8.
- Lee MW, Lee M, Oh KJ. Adipose tissue-derived signatures for obesity and type 2 diabetes: adipokines, batokines and MicroRNAs. J Clin Med. 2019;8(6):854.
- Weibel ER. Stereological principles for morphometry in electron microscopic cytology. Int Rev Cytol. 1969;26:235–302.
- Scheller EL, Troiano N, Vanhoutan JN, et al. Use of osmium tetroxide staining with microcomputerized tomography to visualize and quantify bone marrow adipose tissue in vivo. Methods Enzymol. 2014;537:123–139.
- Cooney LG, Dokras A. Beyond fertility: polycystic ovary syndrome and long-term health. Fertil Steril. 2018;110(5):794–809.
- Ollila MM, West S, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, et al. Overweight and obese but not normal weight women with PCOS are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus—a prospective, population-based cohort study. Hum Reprod. 2017;32(2):423–431.
- Douchi T, Ijuin H, Nakamura S, et al. Body fat distribution in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 1995;86(4):516–519.
- Fagman JB, Wilhelmson AS, Motta BM, et al. The androgen receptor confers protection against diet-induced atherosclerosis, obesity, and dyslipidemia in female mice. FASEB J. 2015;29(4):1540–1550.
- Shorakae S, Jona E, de Courten B, et al. Brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol. 2018;90(3):425–432.
- Oliveira FR, Mamede M, Bizzi MF, et al. Brown adipose tissue activity is reduced in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 2019;181:473–480.
- Tencerova M, Figeac F, Ditzel N, et al. High-fat diet-induced obesity promotes expansion of bone marrow adipose tissue and impairs skeletal stem cell functions in mice. J Bone Miner Res. 2018;33(6):1154–1165.
- Bi Y, Jiang M, Guo W, et al. Sex-dimorphic and sex hormone-dependent role of steroid sulfatase in adipose inflammation and energy homeostasis. Endocrinology. 2018;159(9):3365–3377.
- Li Y, Meng Y, Yu X. The unique metabolic characteristics of bone marrow adipose tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019;10:69.
- Ye R, Scherer PE. Adiponectin, driver or passenger on the road to insulin sensitivity? Mol Metab. 2013;2(3):133–141.
- Carmina E, Chu MC, Moran C, et al. Subcutaneous and omental fat expression of adiponectin and leptin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2008;89(3):642–648.
- Cawthorn WP, Scheller EL, Learman BS, et al. Bone marrow adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that contributes to increased circulating adiponectin during caloric restriction. Cell Metab. 2014;20(2):368–375.
- Combs TP, Berg AH, Rajala MW, et al. Sexual differentiation, pregnancy, calorie restriction, and aging affect the adipocyte-specific secretory protein adiponectin. Diabetes. 2003;52(2):268–276.
- Broughton DE, Moley KH. Obesity and female infertility: potential mediators of obesity's impact. Fertil Steril. 2017;107(4):840–847.
- Zheng SH, Du DF, Li XL. Leptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Reprod Sci. 2017;24(5):656–670.
- Hermsdorff HH, Monteiro JB. Visceral, subcutaneous or intramuscular fat: where is the problem? Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2004;48(6):803–811.
- Nohara K, Waraich RS, Liu S, et al. Developmental androgen excess programs sympathetic tone and adipose tissue dysfunction and predisposes to a cardiometabolic syndrome in female mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2013;304(12):E1321–E1330.
- Wang YX, Zhu WJ, Xie BG. Expression of PPAR-γ in adipose tissue of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome induced by DHEA. Mol Med Rep. 2014;9(3):889–893.
- Lecka-Czernik B, Stechschulte LA, Czernik PJ, et al. Marrow adipose tissue: skeletal location, sexual dimorphism, and response to sex steroid deficiency. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:188.
- Doretto-Silva L, Veridiano J, Oliveira J, et al. Testosterone replacement effect on intramedullary, inguinal and visceral fat in ovariectomy rats. Proceedings of the Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia; 2020.
- Furuhashi M, Saitoh S, Shimamoto K, et al. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4): pathophysiological insights and potent clinical biomarker of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2014;8(Suppl. 3):23–33.
- Abali R, Temel Yuksel I, Yuksel MA, et al. Implications of circulating irisin and Fabp4 levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2016;36(7):897–901.