Belief in free will: Integration into social cognition models to promote health behavior

References

• Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113–1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2020). Changing behavior using the theory of planned behavior. In M. S. Hagger, L. D. Cameron, K. Hamilton, N. Hankonen, & T. Lintunen (Eds.), The handbook of behavior change (pp. 17–31). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108677318.002
   Google Scholar
• Alquist, J. L., Ainsworth, S. E., & Baumeister, R. F. (2013). Determined to conform: Disbelief in free will increases conformity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49(1), 80–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.08.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40(4), 471–499. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466601164939
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baer, J., Kaufman, J. C., & Baumeister, R. F. (2008). Are we free? Psychology and free will. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (2004). Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education & Behavior, 31(2), 143–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198104263660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bargh, J. A. (2008). Free will is un-natural. In Are we free? Psychology and free will (pp. 128–154). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195189636.003.0007
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F. (2005). The cultural animal: Human nature, meaning, and social life. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F. (2008). Free will in scientific psychology. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2008.00057.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F. (2017). Addiction, cigarette smoking, and voluntary control of action: Do cigarette smokers lose their free will? Addictive Behaviors Reports, 5, 67–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.01.003
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., & Bargh, J. A. (2014). Conscious and unconscious: Toward an integrative understanding of human mental life and action. In J. W. Sherman, B. Gawronski, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories of the social mind (pp. 35–49). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., & Brewer, L. E. (2012). Believing versus disbelieving in free will: Correlates and consequences. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(10), 736–745. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00458.x
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., Masicampo, E. J., & DeWall, C. N. (2009). Prosocial benefits of feeling free: disbelief in free will increases aggression and reduces helpfulness. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(2), 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208327217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berniūnas, R., Beinorius, A., Dranseika, V., Silius, V., & Rimkevičius, P. (2021). The weirdness of belief in free will. Consciousness and Cognition, 87, 103054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2020.103054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buttrick, N. R., Aczel, B., Aeschbach, L. F., Bakos, B. E., Brühlmann, F., Claypool, H. M., Hüffmeier, J., Kovacs, M., Schuepfer, K., Szecsi, P., Szuts, A., Szöke, O., Thomae, M., Torka, A.-K., Walker, R. J., & Wood, M. J. (2020). Many labs 5: Registered replication of Vohs and schooler (2008), experiment 1. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 3(3), 429–438. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245920917931
   Google Scholar
• Caruso, G. D. (2012). Free will and consciousness: a determinist account of the illusion of free will. Lexington Books. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TvvaM77QC44C
   Google Scholar
• Caruso, G. D. (2013). Exploring the illusion of free will and moral responsibility. Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, C. J., Luguri, J. B., Ditto, P. H., Knobe, J., Shariff, A. F., & Baumeister, R. F. (2014). Free to punish: A motivated account of free will belief. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 106(4), 501–513. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035880
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conner, M., & Abraham, C. (2001). Conscientiousness and the theory of planned behavior: Toward a more complete model of the antecedents of intentions behavior. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(11), 1547–1561. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672012711014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conner, M., & Norman, P. (2015). Predicting and changing health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models (3rd Edition ed.). Open University Press. https://doi.org/10.1036/9780335263790
   Google Scholar
• Crescioni, A. W., Baumeister, R. F., Ainsworth, S. E., Ent, M., & Lambert, N. M. (2016). Subjective correlates and consequences of belief in free will. Philosophical Psychology, 29(1), 41–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2014.996285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crone, D. L., & Levy, N. L. (2019). Are free will believers nicer people? (Four studies suggest not). Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10(5), 612–619. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550618780732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• de Leeuw, A., Valois, P., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2015). Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying pro-environmental behavior in high-school students: Implications for educational interventions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 42, 128–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennett, D. (1991). Consciousness Explained. Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Embley, J., Johnson, L. G., & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2015). Reproducibility project: Replication report – replication of study 1 by Vohs & schooler (2008). Retrieved from https://osf.io/uwt5f/
   Google Scholar
• Feldman, G. (2017). Making sense of agency: Belief in free will as a unique and important construct. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 11(1), e12293. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12293
   Google Scholar
• Feldman, G., Chandrashekar, S. P., & Wong, K. F. E. (2016). The freedom to excel: Belief in free will predicts better academic performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 90, 377–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.11.043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fetzer, J. H. (1988). Probabilistic Metaphysics. In J. H. Fetzer (Ed.), Probability and Causality: Essays in Honor of Wesley C. Salmon (pp. 109–132). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3997-4_5
   Google Scholar
• Genschow, O., Cracco, E., Schneider, J., Protzko, J., Wisniewski, D., Brass, M., & Schooler, J. W. (2021). Manipulating belief in free will and its downstream consequences: A meta-analysis. PsyArxiv [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/quwgr
   Google Scholar
• Genschow, O., Hawickhorst, H., Rigoni, D., Aschermann, E., & Brass, M. (2021). Professional Judges’ Disbelief in free will does not decrease punishment. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 12(3), 357–362. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550620915055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagger, M. S., Cameron, L. D., Hamilton, K., Hankonen, N., & Lintunen, T. (2020). The handbook of behavior change. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., Barkoukis, V., Wang, J. C., Hein, V., Pihu, M., Soós, I., & Karsai, I. (2007). Cross-cultural generalizability of the theory of planned behavior among young people in a physical activity context. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 29(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.29.1.2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagger, M. S., & Hamilton, K. (2022). Predicting COVID-19 booster vaccine intentions. Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being, 14(3), 819–841. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harms, J., Liket, K., Protzko, J., & Schölmerich, V. (2017). Free to help? An experiment on free will belief and altruism. Plos One, 12(3), e0173193. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassan, L. M., Shiu, E., & Parry, S. (2016). Addressing the cross‐country applicability of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB): A structured review of multi‐country TPB studies. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 15(1), 72–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1536
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haus, I., Steinmetz, H., Isidor, R., & Kabst, R. (2013). Gender effects on entrepreneurial intention: A meta-analytical structural equation model. International Journal of Gender &entrepreneurship, 5(2), 130–156. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566261311328828
   Google Scholar
• Kane, R. (2002). The oxford handbook of free will (Vol. 55). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Krueger, F., Hoffman, M., Walter, H., & Grafman, J. (2014). An fMRI investigation of the effects of belief in free will on third-party punishment. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 9(8), 1143–1149. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nst092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavazza, A. (2019). Why cognitive sciences do not prove that free will is an epiphenomenon [hypothesis and theory]. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(326). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00326
   Google Scholar
• Libet, B., Gleason, C. A., Wright, E. W., & Pearl, D. K. (1983). Time of conscious intention to act in relation to onset of cerebral activity (readiness-potential). The unconscious initiation of a freely voluntary act. Brain, 106(Pt 3), 623–642. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/106.3.623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., Zhao, Y., Lin, L., Chen, J., & Wang, S. (2018). The freedom to persist: Belief in free will predicts perseverance for long-term goals among Chinese adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 121, 7–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEachan, R. R. C., Conner, M., Taylor, N. J., & Lawton, R. J. (2011). Prospective prediction of health-related behaviours with the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5(2), 97–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2010.521684
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEachan, R. R. C., Sutton, S., & Myers, L. (2010). Mediation of personality influences on physical activity within the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Health Psychology, 15(8), 1170–1180. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105310364172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mele, A. (2014). Free will and substance dualism: the real scientific threat to free will? In W. Sinnot-Armstrong (Ed.), Moral Psychology (Vol. 4). Free Will and Responsibility. MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Miles, J. B. (2013). ‘Irresponsible and a disservice’: The integrity of social psychology turns on the free will dilemma. British Journal of Social Psychology, 52(2), 205–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02077.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monroe, A. E., Brady, G. L., & Malle, B. F. (2016). This isn’t the free will worth looking for: General free will beliefs do not influence moral judgments, agent-specific choice ascriptions do. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8(2), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550616667616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monroe, A. E., Dillon, K. D., & Malle, B. F. (2014). Bringing free will down to Earth: People’s psychological concept of free will and its role in moral judgment. Consciousness and Cognition, 27, 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monroe, A. E., & Malle, B. F. (2010). From uncaused will to conscious choice: The need to study, not speculate about people’s folk concept of free will. Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 1(2), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13164-009-0010-7
   Google Scholar
• Nadelhoffer, T., Shepard, J., Crone, D. L., Everett, J. A. C., Earp, B. D., & Levy, N. (2020). Does encouraging a belief in determinism increase cheating? Reconsidering the value of believing in free will. Cognition, 203, 104342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadelhoffer, T., Shepard, J., Nahmias, E., Sripada, C. S., & Ross, L. T. (2014). The free will inventory: Measuring beliefs about agency and responsibility. Consciousness and Cognition, 25(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.01.006
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nahmias, E., Morris, S., Nadelhoffer, T., & Turner, J. (2005). Surveying freedom: Folk intuitions about free will and moral responsibility. Philosophical Psychology, 18(5), 561–584. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515080500264180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahmias, E., Morris, S. G., Nadelhoffer, T., & Turner, J. (2006). Is incompatibilism intuitive? Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 73(1), 28–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1933-1592.2006.tb00603.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paulhus, D. L., & Carey, J. M. (2011). The FAD-Plus: Measuring lay beliefs regarding free will and related constructs. Journal of Personality Assessment, 93(1), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2010.528483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereboom, D. (2006). Living without free will. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pronin, E., & Kugler, M. B. (2010). People believe they have more free will than others. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(52), 22469–22474. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1012046108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs Monographs, 80(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0092976
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schwarzer, R. (2008). Modeling health behavior change: how to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Applied Psychology, 57(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwarzer, R., & Luszczynska, A. (2015). Self-beliefs and self-regulation in health behavior change. In F. Guay, R. Craven, H. Marsh, & D. M. McInerney (Eds.), Self-concept, motivation and identity: Underpinning success with research and practice (pp. 201–224). Information Age.
   Google Scholar
• Seto, E., & Hicks, J. A. (2016). Disassociating the agent from the Self:Undermining Belief in free will diminishes true self-knowledge. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 7(7), 726–734. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550616653810
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shariff, A. F., Greene, J. D., Karremans, J. C., Luguri, J. B., Clark, C. J., Schooler, J. W., Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2014). Free will and punishment: A mechanistic view of human nature reduces retribution. Psychological Science, 25(8), 1563–1570. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614534693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukri, M., Jones, F., & Conner, M. (2016). Work Factors, work–family conflict, the theory of planned behaviour and healthy intentions: A cross-cultural study. Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 32(5), 559–568. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2662
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smilansky, S. (2000). Free will and illusion. OUP Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Sniehotta, F. F. (2009). Towards a theory of intentional behaviour change: Plans, planning, and self‐regulation. British Journal of Health Psychology, 14(2), 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910708X389042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stillman, T. F., Baumeister, R. F., & Mele, A. R. (2011). Free will in everyday life: Autobiographical accounts of free and unfree actions. Philosophical Psychology, 24(3), 381–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2011.556607
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stillman, T. F., Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., Lambert, N. M., Fincham, F. D., & Brewer, L. E. (2010). Personal philosophy and personnel achievement: Belief in free will predicts better job performance. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550609351600
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• St Quinton, T., Morris, B., & Crescioni, A. W. (2022). Beliefs in free will and determinism: Associations with social cognition and gambling behavior. Addiction Research & Theory. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2022.2062330
   Google Scholar
• Suarez, A., & Adams, P. (2013). Is science compatible with free will?: Exploring free will and consciousness in the light of quantum physics and neuroscience. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Velten, E. (1968). A laboratory task for induction of mood states. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 6(4), 473–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(68)90028-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vohs, K. D., & Schooler, J. W. (2008). The value of believing in free will:Encouraging a belief in determinism increases cheating. Psychological Science, 19(1), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02045.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vonasch, A. J., Clark, C. J., Lau, S., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2017). Ordinary people associate addiction with loss of free will. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 5, 56–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2017.01.002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Walter, H. (2001). Neurophilosophy of free will: From libertarian illusions to a concept of natural autonomy. MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Webb, T. L., & Sheeran, P. (2006). Does changing behavioral intentions engender behavior change? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 132(2), 249–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wegner, D. M. (2002). The illusion of conscious will. MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wisniewski, D., Deutschländer, R., & Haynes, J. D. (2019). Free will beliefs are better predicted by dualism than determinism beliefs across different cultures. Plos One, 14(9), e0221617. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar