Immigrant hierarchies and white supremacy: race and representation among east African immigrant Muslims

References

• Abdi, C. M. (2015). Elusive jannah: the Somali diaspora and borderless Muslim identity. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Abdul Khabeer, S. (2016). Muslim cool: Race, religion, and hip hop in the United States. New York, NY: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Adjepong, A. (2018). Afropolitan projects: African immigrant identities and solidarities in the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 41(2), 248–266. doi:10.1080/01419870.2017.1281985
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed, S. (2004). The cultural politics of emotion. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, S. (2007). A phenomenology of Whiteness. Feminist Theory, 8(2), 149–168. doi:10.1177/1464700107078139
   Google Scholar
• Alcoff, L. M. (2005). Visible identities: Race, gender, and the self. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Asante, G., Sekimoto, S., & Brown, C. (2016). Becoming “Black”: Exploring the racialized experiences of African immigrants in the United States. Howard Journal of Communications, 27(4), 367–384. doi:10.1080/10646175.2016.1206047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Besteman, C. (1999). Unravelling Somalis: Race, violence, and the legacy of slavery. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
   Google Scholar
• Besteman, C. (2016). Making refuge: Somali Bantu refugees and Lewiston, Maine. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chacko, E. (2010). Identity and assimilation among young Ethiopian immigrants in metropolitan Washington. Geographical Review, 93(4), 491–506. doi:10.1111/j.1931-0846.2003.tb00044.x
   Google Scholar
• Dei, G. J. S. (2018). Black like me: A reframing blackness for decolonial politics. Educational Studies, 54(2), 117–142. doi:10.1080/00131946.2018.1427586
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher, K. (2015). Positionality, subjectivity, and race in transnational and transcultural geographical research. Gender, Place & Culture, 22(4), 456–473. doi:10.1080/0966369X.2013.879097
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaztambide-Fernandez, R. A. (2012). Decolonization and the pedagogy of solidarity. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, 1(1), 41–67.
   Google Scholar
• Gordon, L. R. (Ed.). (1997). Existence in Black: An anthology of Black existential philosophy. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Guethner, K. M., Pendaz, S., & Songora Makene, F. (2011). The impact of Intersecting dimensions of inequality and identity on the racial status of Eastern African immigrants. Sociological Forum, 26(1), 98–120. doi:10.1111/j.1573-7861.2010.01226.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husain, A. (2017). Moving beyond (and back to) the black–white binary: A study of black an white Muslims’ racial positioning in the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 42(4), 589–606.
   Google Scholar
• Ibrahim, A. (2014). The rhizome of Blackness: A critical ethnography of Hip-Hop culture, language, identity and the politics of becoming. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Ibrahim, A. (2017). Don’t call me Black!: Rhizomatic analysis of Blackness, immigration and the politics of race without guarantees. Educational Studies, 53(5), 511–521. doi:10.1080/00131946.2017.1303496
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, S. A. (2005). Islam and the Black American: Looking toward the third resurrection. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kusow, A. M., & Eno, M. A. (2015). Formula narratives and the making of social stratification and inequality. Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, 1(3), 409–423. doi:10.1177/2332649215574362
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lensmire, T. J. (2008). How I became white while punching de tar baby. Curriculum Inquiry, 38(3), 299–322. doi:10.1111/j.1467-873X.2008.00410.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonardo, Z. (2002). The souls of white folk: Critical pedagogy, whiteness studies, and globalization discourse. Race Ethnicity and Education, 5(1), 29–50. doi:10.1080/13613320120117180
   Google Scholar
• Mamdani, M. (2012). Define and rule: Native as political identity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Matias, C. E., & Newlove, P. M. (2017). Better the devil you see, than the one you don’t: bearing witness to emboldened en-whitening epistemology in the Trump era. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 30(10), 920–928. doi:10.1080/09518398.2017.1312590
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy, C. (2003). Contradiction of power and identity: Whiteness studies and the call of teacher education. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 16(1), 127–133. doi:10.1080/0951839032000033572
   Google Scholar
• Mignolo, W. (2000). Local histories/global designs: Coloniality border thinking and subaltern knowledges. Princeton: NJ, Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ngo, B., & Lee, S. J. (2007). Complicating the image of model minority success: A review of Southeast Asian American education. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 415–453. doi:10.3102/0034654307309918
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omi, M., & Winant, H. (2014). Racial formation in the United States. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, O. (1982). Slavery and social death. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pierre, J. (2004). Black immigrants in the United States and the “Cultural Narratives”. Identities, 11(2), 141–170. doi:10.1080/10702890490451929
   Google Scholar
• Spry, T. (2001). Performing autoethnography: An embodied methodological praxis. Qualitative Inquiry, 7(6), 706–732. doi:10.1177/107780040100700605
   Google Scholar
• Steinberg, S. (2007). Race relations: A critique. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, P. (2013). Race: A philosophical introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Treitler, V. B. (2013). The ethnic project: Transforming racial fiction into ethnic factions. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Waters, M. C. (1999). Black identities: West Indian immigrants dreams and American realities. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yancey, G. A. (2004). Who is White?: Latinos, Asians, and the new Black/nonblack divide. Boulder, Co: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
   Google Scholar