The place of the closed book, invigilated final examination in a knowledge economy

References

• Biggs , J. 1987 . Student approaches to learning and studying , Hawthorn, , Australia : Australian Council for Educational Research .
   Google Scholar
• Biggs , J. 1993 . What do inventories of students’ learning process really measure? A theoretical review and clarification . British Journal of Educational Psychology , 83 : 3 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggs , J. 1999 . Teaching for quality learning at university , Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bloom , B. S. , ed. 1956 . Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals: Handbook I, cognitive domain , London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Chaptal , A. and Pouzard , G. 2004 . New exams for new professional styles . Educational Media International , 41 (2) : 129 – 133 .
   Google Scholar
• Entwistle , N. J. and Entwistle , A. C. 1991 . Contrasting forms of understanding for degree examination: the student experience and its implications . Higher Education , 22 : 205 – 227 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrington , J. and Herrington , A. 1998 . Authentic assessment and multimedia: how university students respond to a model of authentic assessment . Higher Education Research and Development , 17 (3) : 305 – 322 .
   Google Scholar
• Herrington , J. and Standen , P. 2000 . Moving from an instructivist to a constructivist multimedia learning environment . Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia , 9 (3) : 195 – 205 .
   Google Scholar
• Hung , D. and Chen , D. T. 2003 . A proposed framework for the design of a CMC learning environment: facilitating the emergence of authenticity . Educational Media International , 40 (1/2) : 7 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Laurillard , D. 2002 . Rethinking university teaching: a conversational framework for the effective use of learning technologies , (2nd edn) , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Marton , F. and Säljö , R. 1976a . On qualitative differences in learning—1: outcome and process . British Journal of Educational Psychology , 46 : 4 – 11 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marton , F. and Säljö , R. 1976b . On qualitative differences in learning—2: outcome as a function of the learner’s conception of the task . British Journal of Educational Psychology , 46 : 115 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan , C. and O’Reilly , M. 1999 . Assessing open and distance learners , London : Kogan Page .
   Google Scholar
• Ramsden , P. 1992 . Learning to teach in higher education , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , P. , Price , B. , Paine , C. and Richards , M. 2002 . Remote electronic examinations: student experiences . British Journal of Educational Technology , 33 (5) : 537 – 549 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiggins , G. 1989 . A true test: toward more authentic and equitable assessment . Phi Delta Kappan , 70 (9) : 703 – 713 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiggins , G. 1998 . Educative assessment , San Francisco : Jossey Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , J. B. 2002 . “ The plagiarism problem: are students entirely to blame? ” . In Proceedings of the 19th annual conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE) Edited by: Williamson , A. , Gunn , C. , Young , A. and Clear , T. 721 – 730 . Available online at: http://www.unitec.ac.nz/ascilite/proceedings/papers/189.pdf (accessed 16 January 2005)
   Google Scholar
• Williams , J. B. 2004a . “ The five key benefits of on‐line final examinations (with three free bonus benefits) ” . In Educational innovation in economics and business VIII: pedagogy, technology and innovation , Edited by: Ottewill , R. , Borredon , E. , Falque , L. , Macfarlane , B. and Wall , A. 347 – 358 . Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , J. B. 2004b . “ Creating authentic assessments: a method for the authoring of open book open web examinations ” . In Beyond the comfort zone: proceedings of the 21st ASCILITE conference Edited by: Atkinson , R. , McBeath , C. , Jonas‐Dwyer , D. and Phillips , R. 934 – 937 . Available online at: http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/perth04/procs/pdf/williams.pdf (accessed 16 January 2005)
   Google Scholar
• Williams , J. B. 2004c . The authentic assessment web site Available online at: http://www.jeremybwilliams.net/authentic/ (accessed 16 January 2005)
   Google Scholar
• Williams , J. B. in press . Assertion‐reason multiple‐choice testing as a tool for deep learning: a qualitative analysis . Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education , (forthcoming)
   Google Scholar