The contribution of leucocytes to the antimicrobial activity of platelet-rich plasma preparations: A systematic review

References

• Martínez-Zapata MJ, Martí-Carvajal A, Solà I, Bolibar I, Ángel Expósito J, Rodriguez L, García J. Efficacy and safety of the use of autologous plasma rich in platelets for tissue regeneration: a systematic review. Transfusion 2009;49(1)44–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anitua E, Andia I, Ardanza B, Nurden P, Nurden AT. Autologous platelets as a source of proteins for healing and tissue regeneration. Thromb Haemost Stuttgart 2004;91(1)4–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everts PA, Knape JT, Weibrich G, Schonberger J, Hoffmann J, Overdevest EP, Box HA, Van Zundert A. Platelet-rich plasma and platelet gel: a review. J Extracorporeal Technol 2006;38(2)174.
   Google Scholar
• Rozman P, Bolta Z. Use of platelet growth factors in treating wounds and soft-tissue injuries. Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Panonica Et Adriatica 2007;16(4)156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yeaman MR. Platelets: at the nexus of antimicrobial defence. Nat Rev Microbiol 2014;12(6)426–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang YQ, Yeaman MR, Selsted ME. Antimicrobial peptides from human platelets. Infect Immun 2002;70(12)6524–6533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cieslik-Bielecka A, Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Lubkowska A, Bielecki T. Microbicidal properties of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma/Fibrin (L-PRP/L-PRF): new perspectives. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2012;26(2 Suppl 1)43s–52s.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dhurat R, Sukesh M. Principles and Methods of Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Review and Author’s Perspective. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2014;7(4)189–197.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bielecki T, Dohan Ehrenfest DM, Everts PA, Wiczkowski A. The role of leukocytes from L-PRP/L-PRF in wound healing and immune defense: new perspectives. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012;13(7)1153–1162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiPietro LA. Wound healing: the role of the macrophage and other immune cells. Shock 1995;4(4)233–240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brancato SK, Albina JE. Wound macrophages as key regulators of repair: origin, phenotype, and function. Am J Pathol 2011;178(1)19–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis VL, Abukabda AB, Radio NM, Witt-Enderby PA, Clafshenkel WP, Cairone JV, Rutkowski JL. Platelet-rich preparations to improve healing. Part II: platelet activation and enrichment, leukocyte inclusion, and other selection criteria. J Oral Implantol 2014;40(4)511–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cieslik-Bielecka A, Choukroun J, Odin G, Dohan Ehrenfest DM. L-PRP/L-PRF in esthetic plastic surgery, regenerative medicine of the skin and chronic wounds. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012;13(7)1266–1277.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomsen K, Trøstrup H, Christophersen L, Lundquist R, Høiby N, Moser C. The phagocytic fitness of Leucopatches may impact the healing of chronic wounds. Clin Exp Immunol 2016;184(3)368–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anitua E, Zalduendo M, Troya M, Padilla S, Orive G. Leukocyte Inclusion within a Platelet Rich Plasma-Derived Fibrin Scaffold Stimulates a More Pro-Inflammatory Environment and Alters Fibrin Properties. Plos One 2015;10(3)e0121713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mariani E, Canella V, Berlingeri A, Bielli A, Cattini L, Landini MP, Kon E, Marcacci M, Di Matteo B, Filardo G. Leukocyte presence does not increase microbicidal activity of Platelet-rich Plasma in vitro. BMC Microbiol 2015;15:149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkins D, Chang S, Gartlehner G, Buckley DI, Whitlock EP, Berliner E, Matchar D. Assessing the applicability of studies when comparing medical interventions. 2010: AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2011;64(11)1198-1207.
   Google Scholar
• Bielecki TM, Gazdzik TS, Arendt J, Szczepanski T, Krol W, Wielkoszynski T. Antibacterial effect of autologous platelet gel enriched with growth factors and other active substances: an in vitro study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007;89(3)417–420.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moojen DJ, Everts PA, Schure RM, Overdevest EP, Van Zundert A, Knape JT, Castelein RM, Creemers LB, Dhert WJ. Antimicrobial activity of platelet-leukocyte gel against Staphylococcus aureus. J Orthop Res 2008;26(3)404–410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anitua E, Alonso R, Girbau C, Aguirre JJ, Muruzabal F, Orive G. Antibacterial effect of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF(R)-Endoret(R)) against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains. Clin Exp Dermatol 2012 02 15;372012:652–657.
   Google Scholar
• Burnouf T, Chou ML, Wu YW, Su CY, Lee LW. Antimicrobial activity of platelet (PLT)-poor plasma, PLT-rich plasma, PLT gel, and solvent/detergent-treated PLT lysate biomaterials against wound bacteria. Transfusion 2013;53(1)138–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen L, Wang C, Liu H, Liu G, Ran X. Antibacterial effect of autologous platelet-rich gel derived from subjects with diabetic dermal ulcers in vitro. J Diabetes Res 2013;2013:269527.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu X, Ren J, Yuan Y, Luan J, Yao G, Li J. Antimicrobial properties of single-donor-derived, platelet-leukocyte fibrin for fistula occlusion: an in vitro study. Platelets 2013;24(8)632–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Intravia J, Allen DA, Durant TJ, McCarthy MB, Russell R, Beitzel K, Cote MP, Dias F, Mazzocca AD. In vitro evaluation of the anti-bacterial effect of two preparations of platelet rich plasma compared with cefazolin and whole blood. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2014;4(1)79–84.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lopez C, Alvarez ME, Carmona JU. Temporal Bacteriostatic Effect and Growth Factor Loss in Equine Platelet Components and Plasma Cultured with Methicillin-Sensitive and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Comparative In Vitro Study. Veterinary Medicine International. 2014;2014:525826.
   Google Scholar
• Li H, Hamza T, Tidwell JE, Clovis N, Li B. Unique antimicrobial effects of platelet-rich plasma and its efficacy as a prophylaxis to prevent implant-associated spinal infection. Adv Healthc Mater 2013;2(9)1277–1284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavallo C, Filardo G, Mariani E, Kon E, Marcacci M, Pereira Ruiz MT, Facchini A, Grigolo B. Comparison of platelet-rich plasma formulations for cartilage healing: An in vitro study. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. 2014;423–429.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez C, Carmona JU, Giraldo CE, Alvarez ME. Bacteriostatic effect of equine pure platelet-rich plasma and other blood products against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. An in vitro study. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2014;27(5)372–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anitua E, Sánchez M, Orive G. Potential of endogenous regenerative technology for in situ regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010;62(7–8)741–752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posnett J, Franks PJ. The burden of chronic wounds in the UK. Nurs Times 2008;104(3)44–45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rawlins JM, Khan AA, Shenton AF, Sharpe DT. Epidemiology and outcome analysis of 208 children with burns attending an emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care 2007;23(5)289–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robson MC. Wound infection: a failure of wound healing caused by an imbalance of bacteria. Surg Clin Am 1997;77(3)637–650.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo S, DiPietro LA. Factors affecting wound healing. J Dent Res 2010;89(3)219–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance. World Health Organization; 2014.http://www.who.int/drugresistance/documents/surveillancereport/en/.
   Google Scholar
• Sakoulas G, Moellering RC Jr. Increasing antibiotic resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46(Suppl 5)S360–S367.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hancock RE. Peptide antibiotics. Lancet 1997;349(9049)418–422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edelblute CM, Donate AL, Hargrave BY, Heller LC. Human platelet gel supernatant inactivates opportunistic wound pathogens on skin. Platelets 2015;26(1)13–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayer AS, Prasad R, Chandra J, Koul A, Smriti M, Varma A, Skurray RA, Firth N, Brown MH, Koo S-P. In vitro resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein is associated with alterations in cytoplasmic membrane fluidity. Infect Immun 2000;68(6)3548–3553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pillay J, Den Braber I, Vrisekoop N, Kwast LM, De Boer RJ, Borghans JA, Tesselaar K, Koenderman L. In vivo labeling with 2H2O reveals a human neutrophil lifespan of 5.4 days. Blood 2010;116(4)625–627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonie S, Baker P, Teixeira RP. Healing time and incidence of hypertrophic scarring in paediatric scalds. Burns 2016;43(3)509 -513.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cubison T, Pape SA, Parkhouse N. Evidence for the link between healing time and the development of hypertrophic scars (HTS) in paediatric burns due to scald injury. Burns 2006;32(8)992–999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chipp E, Charles L, Thomas C, Whiting K, Moiemen N, Wilson Y. A prospective study of time to healing and hypertrophic scarring in paediatric burns: every day counts. Burns Trauma 2017;5:3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahdavian Delavary B, Van Der Veer WM, Van Egmond M, Niessen FB, Beelen RH. Macrophages in skin injury and repair. Immunobiology 2011;216(7)753–762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anitua E, Zalduendo MM, Prado R, Alkhraisat MH, Orive G. Morphogen and proinflammatory cytokine release kinetics from PRGF-Endoret fibrin scaffolds: evaluation of the effect of leukocyte inclusion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015;103(3)1011–1020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarrel TM, Minas T, Fortier LA. Optimization of leukocyte concentration in platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of tendinopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94(19)e143(1-8).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaur D, Sharma RR, Marwaha N. Defining an appropriate leucoreduction strategy by serial assessment of cytokine levels in platelet concentrates prepared by different methods. Asian J Transfus Sci 2015;9(1)31–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shah M, Foreman DM, Ferguson M. Neutralisation of TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 or exogenous addition of TGF-beta 3 to cutaneous rat wounds reduces scarring. J Cell Sci 1995;108(3)985–1002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Kane S, Ferguson MW. Transforming growth factor beta s and wound healing. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1997;29(1)63–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah M, Foreman DM, Ferguson MW. Neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1,2 reduces cutaneous scarring in adult rodents. J Cell Sci 1994;107(Pt 5)1137–1157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar