Pharmacodynamic safety of clopidogrel monotherapy in patients under oral anticoagulation with a vitamin K antagonist undergoing coronary stent implantation

References

• Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, Bailey SR, Bittl JA, Cercek B, Chambers CE, Ellis SG, Guyton RA, Hollenberg SM, et al. ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. Circulation 2011;124:e574–651. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823ba622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Windecker S, Kolh P, Alfonso F, Collet JP, Cremer J, Falk V, Filippatos G, Hamm C, Head SJ, Juni P, et al. ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J 2014;35:2541–2619. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valgimigli M, Bueno H, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Costa F, Jeppsson A, Juni P, Kastrati A, Kolh P, Mauri L, et al. ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(3):213–260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochholzer W, Trenk D, Bestehorn HP, Fischer B, Valina CM, Ferenc M, Gick M, Caputo A, Buttner HJ, Neumann FJ. Impact of the degree of peri-interventional platelet inhibition after loading with clopidogrel on early clinical outcome of elective coronary stent placement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:1742–1750. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.06.065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tantry US, Bonello L, Aradi D, Price MJ, Jeong YH, Angiolillo DJ, Stone GW, Curzen N, Geisler T, Ten Berg J, et al. Consensus and update on the definition of on-treatment platelet reactivity to adenosine diphosphate associated with ischemia and bleeding. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:2261–2273. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgartner H, Falk V, Bax JJ, De Bonis M, Hamm C, Holm PJ, Iung B, Lancellotti P, Lansac E, Munoz DR, et al. ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J 2017;38(36):2739–2791.
   Google Scholar
• Konstantinides SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G, Danchin N, Fitzmaurice D, Galie N, Gibbs JS, Huisman MV, Humbert M, Kucher N, et al. ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J 2014;35:3033–69,3069a–3069k. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu283
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, Castella M, Diener HC, Heidbuchel H, Hendriks J, et al. ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 2016;37:2893–2962. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lip GY, Windecker S, Huber K, Kirchhof P, Marin F, Ten Berg JM, Haeusler KG, Boriani G, Capodanno D, Gilard M, et al. Management of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and/or undergoing percutaneous coronary or valve interventions. Eur Heart J 2014;35:3155–3179. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen ML, Sorensen R, Clausen MT, Fog-Petersen ML, Raunso J, Gadsboll N, Gislason GH, Folke F, Andersen SS, Schramm TK, et al. Risk of bleeding with single, dual, or triple therapy with warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel in patients with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med 2010;170:1433–1441. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruff CT, Giugliano RP, Braunwald E, Hoffman EB, Deenadayalu N, Ezekowitz MD, Camm AJ, Weitz JI, Lewis BS, Parkhomenko A, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet 2014;383:955–962. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62343-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson CM, Mehran R, Bode C, Halperin J, Verheugt FW, Wildgoose P, Birmingham M, Ianus J, Burton P, van Eickels M, et al. Prevention of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. N Engl J Med 2016;375:2423–2434. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1611594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannon CP, Bhatt DL, Oldgren J, Lip GYH, Ellis SG, Kimura T, Maeng M, Merkely B, Zeymer U, Gropper S, et al. Dual antithrombotic therapy with dabigatran after PCI in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1513–1524. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1708454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewilde WJ, Oirbans T, Verheugt FW, Kelder JC, De Smet BJ, Herrman JP, Adriaenssens T, Vrolix M, Heestermans AA, Vis MM, et al. Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 2013;381:1107–1115. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62177-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibbing D, von Beckerath N, Morath T, Stegherr J, Mehilli J, Sarafoff N, Braun S, Schulz S, Schomig A, Kastrati A. Oral anticoagulation with coumarin derivatives and antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel. Eur Heart J 2010;31:1205–1211. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD, Katus HA, Apple FS, Lindahl B, Morrow DA, et al. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2012;33:2551–2567. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, Caplan LR, Connors JJ, Culebras A, Elkind MS, George MG, Hamdan AD, Higashida RT, et al. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century. Stroke 2013;44:2064–2089. doi:10.1161/STR.0b013e318296aeca
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehran R, Rao SV, Bhatt DL, Gibson CM, Caixeta A, Eikelboom J, Kaul S, Wiviott SD, Menon V, Nikolsky E, et al. Standardized bleeding definitions for cardiovascular clinical trials: a consensus report from the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium. Circulation 2011;123:2736–2747. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.009449
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangiacapra F, Bartunek J, Bijnens N, Peace AJ, Dierickx K, Bailleul E, Di Serafino L, Pyxaras SA, Fraeyman A, Meeus P, et al. Periprocedural variations of platelet reactivity during elective percutaneous coronary intervention. J Thromb Haemost 2012;10:2452–2461. doi:10.1111/jth.12016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibbing D, Braun S, Morath T, Mehilli J, Vogt W, Schomig A, Kastrati A, von Beckerath N. Platelet reactivity after clopidogrel treatment assessed with point-of-care analysis and early drug-eluting stent thrombosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;53:849–856. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.11.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotseva K, De Bacquer D, De Backer G, Ryden L, Jennings C, Gyberg V, Abreu A, Aguiar C, Conde AC, Davletov K, et al. On behalf of the Euroaspire I. Lifestyle and risk factor management in people at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016;23:2007–2018. doi:10.1177/2047487316667784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chugh SS, Roth GA, Gillum RF, Mensah GA. Global burden of atrial fibrillation in developed and developing nations. Glob Heart 2014;9:113–119. doi:10.1016/j.gheart.2014.01.004
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hochholzer W, Trenk D, Fromm MF, Valina CM, Stratz C, Bestehorn HP, Buttner HJ, Neumann FJ. Impact of cytochrome P450 2C19 loss-of-function polymorphism and of major demographic characteristics on residual platelet function after loading and maintenance treatment with clopidogrel in patients undergoing elective coronary stent placement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:2427–2434. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.02.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mega JL, Close SL, Wiviott SD, Shen L, Hockett RD, Brandt JT, Walker JR, Antman EM, Macias W, Braunwald E, et al. Cytochrome p-450 polymorphisms and response to clopidogrel. N Engl J Med 2009;360:354–362. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0809171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamberts M, Gislason GH, Olesen JB, Kristensen SL, Schjerning Olsen AM, Mikkelsen A, Christensen CB, Lip GY, Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, et al. Oral anticoagulation and antiplatelets in atrial fibrillation patients after myocardial infarction and coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubboli A, Saia F, Sciahbasi A, Bacchi-Reggiani ML, Steffanon L, Briguori C, Calabro P, Palmieri C, Rizzi A, Imperadore F, et al. Outcome of patients on oral anticoagulation undergoing coronary artery stenting: data from discharge to 12 months in the Warfarin and Coronary Stenting (WAR-STENT) registry. J Invasive Cardiol 2014;26:563–569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar