525
Views
30
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Which factors are perceived as obstacles for the growth of Italian academic spin-offs?

, , &
Pages 84-104 | Received 22 Jul 2015, Accepted 24 May 2016, Published online: 27 Jun 2016

References

  • Ahmadi, S., S. Alizadeh, N. Forouzideh, C. H. Yeh, R. Martin, and E. Papageorgiou. 2014. “ICLA Imperialist Competitive Learning Algorithm for Fuzzy Cognitive Map: Application to Water Demand Forecasting.” Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), 2014 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 1041–1048), 6–11 July 2014. Beijing: IEEE. doi: 10.1109/FUZZ-IEEE.2014.6891605
  • Autio, E., and A. Lumme. 1998. “Does the Innovator Role Affect the Perceived Potential for Growth? Analysis of Four Types of New, Technology-based Firms.” Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 10 (1): 41–55. doi: 10.1080/09537329808524303
  • Bertolini, M. 2007. “Assessment of Human Reliability Factors: A Fuzzy Cognitive Maps Approach.” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 37 (5): 405–413. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2005.12.009
  • Bigliardi, B., F. Galati, G. Marolla, and C. Verbano. 2015. “Factors Affecting Technology Transfer Offices’ Performance in the Italian Food Context.” Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 27 (4): 361–384. doi: 10.1080/09537325.2014.1002464
  • Bigliardi, B., F. Galati, and C. Verbano. 2013. “Evaluating Performance of University Spin-off Companies: Lessons from Italy.” Journal of Technology Management and Innovation 8 (2): 178–188. doi: 10.4067/S0718-27242013000200015
  • Carayon, P., A. P. Gurses, A. S. Hundt, P. Ayoub, and C. J. Alvarado. 2005. “Performance Obstacles and Facilitators of Healthcare Providers.” In Change and Quality in Human Service Work, edited by C. Korunka and P. Hoffmann, 4, 257–276. München: Hampp.
  • Chiesa, V., and A. Piccaluga. 2000. “Exploitation and Diffusion of Public Research: The Case of Academic Spin-off Companies in Italy.” R and D Management 30 (4): 329–340. doi: 10.1111/1467-9310.00187
  • Clarysse, B., M. Wright, and E. Van de Velde. 2011. “Entrepreneurial Origin, Technological Knowledge and the Growth of Spin-off Companies.” Journal of Management Studies 48 (6): 1420–1442. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00991.x
  • Colombo, M., D. D’Adda, and E. Piva. 2010. “The Contribution of University Research to the Growth of Academic Start-ups: An Empirical Analysis.” Journal of Technology Transfer 35: 1–25. doi: 10.1007/s10961-009-9114-6
  • Colombo, M. G., and M. Delmastro. 2002. “How Effective are Technology Incubators?: Evidence from Italy.” Research Policy 31 (7): 1103–1122. doi: 10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00178-0
  • Colombo, M., P. Mustar, and M. Wright. 2010. “Dynamics of Science-based Entrepreneurship.” Journal of Technology Transfer 35 (1): 1–15. doi: 10.1007/s10961-009-9114-6
  • Colombo, M. G., and E. Piva. 2008. “Strengths and Weaknesses of Academic Start-ups: A Conceptual Model.” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 55 (1): 37–49. doi: 10.1109/TEM.2007.912807
  • Cooper, A. C., G. E. Willard, and C. Y. Woo. 1986. “Strategies of High Performing New and Small Firms: A Reexamination of the Niche Concept.” Journal of Business Venturing 1 (3): 247–260. doi: 10.1016/0883-9026(86)90003-0
  • Davidsson, P., L. Achtenhagen, and L. Naldi. 2007. “ Research on Small Firm Growth: A Review.” Working Paper, Brisbane Graduate School of Business, Queensland University of Technology.
  • Davila, A., G. Foster, and M. Gupta. 2003. “Venture Capital Financing and the Growth of Start-up Firms.” Journal of Business Venturing 18: 689–708. doi: 10.1016/S0883-9026(02)00127-1
  • Delmar, F., P. Davidsson, and W. Gartner. 2003. “Arriving at the High-growth Firm.” Journal of Business Venturing 18: 189–216. doi: 10.1016/S0883-9026(02)00080-0
  • Di Gregorio, D., and S. Shane. 2003. “Why do Some Universities Generate more Start-ups than Others?” Research Policy 32 (2): 209–227. doi: 10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00097-5
  • Dickerson, J. A., and B. Kosko. 1997. “Virtual Worlds as Fuzzy Cognitive Maps.” In Fuzzy Engineering, edited by B. Kosko, 125–141. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Egeln, J., S. Gottschalk, C. Rammer, and A. Spielkamp. 2003. Spinoff-Grundungen aus der offentlichen Forschung in Deutschland. Baden-Baden: ZEW-Wirtschaftsanalysen, Nomos.
  • Ensley, M. D., and K. M. Hmieleski. 2005. “A Comparative Study of New Venture Top Management Team Composition, Dynamics and Performance Between University-based and Independent Start-ups.” Research Policy 34: 1091–1105. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.008
  • European Commission. 2015. Innovation Union Scoreboard 2015 Accessed April 18, 2016 http://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/innovation/facts-figures/scoreboards/index_en.htm
  • Fini, R., K. Fu, M. T. Mathisen, and E. Rasmussen. 2015. “Institutional Determinants of University Spin-off Quantity and Quality: A Cross-country Study.” Academy of Management Proceedings 1: 12146. doi: 10.5465/AMBPP.2015.12146abstract
  • Hite, J. M., and W. S. Hesterly. 2001. “The Evolution of Firm Networks: From Emergence to Early Growth of the Firm.” Strategic Management Journal 22 (3): 275–286. doi: 10.1002/smj.156
  • Iacobucci, D., and A. Micozzi. 2015. “How to Evaluate the Impact of Academic Spin-offs on Local Development: An Empirical Analysis of the Italian Case.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 40 (3): 434–452. doi: 10.1007/s10961-014-9357-8
  • Jong, S. 2006. “How Organizational Structures in Science Shape Spin-off Firms: The Biochemistry Departments of Berkeley, Stanford, and UCSF and the Birth of the Biotech Industry.” Industrial and Corporate Change 15 (2): 251–283. doi: 10.1093/icc/dtj014
  • Kirchhoff, B. A. 1994. Entrepreneurship and Dynamic Capitalism. Westport, CT: Praeger.
  • Kosko, B. 1992. Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Lichtenstein, B. M. B., and C. G. Brush. 2001. “How do “Resource Bundles” Develop and Change in New Ventures? A Dynamic Model and Longitudinal Exploration.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25: 37–58.
  • Linstone, H. A., and M. Turoff. 1975. The Delphi Method: Techniques and Applications. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Lockett, A., and M. Wright. 2005. “Resources, Capabilities, Risk Capital and the Creation of University Spin-out Companies.” Research Policy 34 (7): 1043–1057. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.006
  • Markman, G., D. Siegel, and M. Wright. 2008. “Research and Technology Commercialization.” Journal of Management Studies 45: 1401–1423. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2008.00803.x
  • Mustar, P., M. Renault, M. G. Colombo, E. Piva, M. Fontes, A. Lockett, M. Wright, B. Clarysse, and N. Moray. 2006. “Conceptualizing the Heterogeneity of Research-based Spin-offs: A Multi-dimensional Taxonomy.” Research Policy 35: 289–308. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.11.001
  • Mustar, P., M. Wright, and B. Clarysse. 2008. “University Spin-off Firms: Lessons from Ten Years of Experience in Europe.” Science and Public Policy 35 (2): 67–80. doi: 10.3152/030234208X282862
  • Netval. 2013. “ X Rapporto Netval sulla Valorizzazione della Ricerca nelle Università Italiane.” Accessed March 2015: http://www.netval.it.
  • Nicolaou, N., and S. Birley. 2003. “Social Networks in Organizational Emergence: The University Spinout Phenomenon.” Management Science 49 (12): 1702–1725. doi: 10.1287/mnsc.49.12.1702.25116
  • O’Shea, R. P., H. Chugh, and T. J. Allen. 2008. “Determinants and Consequences of University Spinoff Activity: A Conceptual Framework.” Journal of Technology Transfer 33: 653–666. doi: 10.1007/s10961-007-9060-0
  • Phan, P., D. S. Siegel, and M. Wright. 2005. “Science Parks and Incubators: Observations, Synthesis and Future Research.” Journal of Business Venturing 20: 165–182. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.12.001
  • Ramaciotti, L., and U. Rizzo. 2015. “The Determinants of Academic Spin-off Creation by Italian Universities.” R&D Management 45 (5): 501–514.
  • Rasmussen, E., S. Mosey, and M. Wright. 2011. “The Evolution of Entrepreneurial Competencies: A Longitudinal Study of University Spin-off Venture Emergence.” Journal of Management Studies 48 (6): 1314–1345. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2010.00995.x
  • Salvador, E. 2006. “ Il finanziamento delle imprese Spinoff.” Un confronto fra Italia e Regno Unito, CERIS Working Paper 200612, Institute for Economic Research on Firms and Growth – Moncalieri (TO).
  • Sapienza, H., A. Parhankangas, and E. Autio. 2004. “Knowledge Relatedness and Post-Spin-off Growth.” Journal of Business Venturing 19: 809–829. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.06.002
  • Shane, S. 2004. Academic Entrepreneurship: University Spin-offs and Wealth Creation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Shane, S., and T. Stuart. 2002. “Organizational Endowments and the Performance of University Start-ups.” Management Science 48: 154–170. doi: 10.1287/mnsc.48.1.154.14280
  • Soetanto, D. P., and M. S. van Geenhuizen. 2010. “Social Capital Through Networks: The Case of University Spin-offs Firms in Different Stages.” Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 101 (5): 509–520. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9663.2010.00632.x
  • Sorenson, O., and T. E. Stuart. 2001. “Syndication Networks and the Spatial Distribution of Venture Capital Investments.” American Journal of Sociology 106: 1546–1588. doi: 10.1086/321301
  • Taber, R. 1991. “Knowledge Processing with Fuzzy Cognitive Maps.” Expert Systems with Applications 2 (1): 83–87. doi: 10.1016/0957-4174(91)90136-3
  • Van Geenhuizen, M., and D. P. Soetanto. 2009. “Academic Spin-offs at Different Ages: A Case Study in Search of Key Obstacles to Growth.” Technovation 29: 671–681. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2009.05.009
  • Vohora, A., M. Wright, and A. Lockett. 2004. “Critical Junctures in the Development of University High-tech Spinout Companies.” Research Policy 33 (1): 147–175. doi: 10.1016/S0048-7333(03)00107-0
  • Walter, A., M. Auer, and T. Ritter. 2006. “The Impact of Network Capabilities and Entrepreneurial Orientation on University Spin-off Performance.” Journal of Business Venturing 21: 541–567. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2005.02.005
  • Zahra, S. A. 1993. “Environment, Corporate Entrepreneurship, and Financial Performance: A Taxonomic Approach.” Journal of Business Venturing 8: 319–340. doi: 10.1016/0883-9026(93)90003-N

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.